OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET Economic Classification Policy Committee: Standard Industrial Classification Replacement--The North American Industry Classification System Proposed Industry Classification Structure AGENCY: Office of Management and Budget, Executive Office of the President. ACTION: Notice of solicitation of comments for North American Industry Classification System industries. SUMMARY: Under Title 44 U.S.C. 3504, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) is seeking public comment on a series of notices documenting the development of the new North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), the industry classification system being proposed to replace the current Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. All Federal agencies that collect establishment-based data are expected to utilize the new system. OMB is seeking comments on the usefulness and advisability of the proposed new NAICS as submitted by the Economic Classification Policy Committee (ECPC), an interagency committee established by OMB. This notice, the sixth related to preparation of NAICS and the fourth in a series seeking comment on proposed industry structures, presents the entire proposed industry structure for NAICS including those sectors not previously published, the hierarchy, and the coding system. The structure and coding system shown in Part IV, Table 1 do not include any changes based on comments received in response to previous Federal Register notices regarding NAICS. The ECPC is currently reviewing those comments. Thus comments provided in response to any of the previous notices need not be resubmitted. This fall OMB will publish the ECPC's final recommendations to OMB for comment in a Federal Register notice that incorporates all of the ECPC's recommended revisions to the structure and coding system based on comments received in the U.S. and comments received by Canada and Mexico. NAICS is being developed in cooperation with Statistics Canada and Mexico's Instituto Nacional de Estad stica, Geograf a e Inform tica (INEGI). The new NAICS system provides common industry definitions for Canada, Mexico, and the United States to facilitate economic analyses that cover the economies of the three North American countries. The three country collaboration on an industry classification system for North America was announced for public comment in the Federal Register, July 26, 1994, pp. 38092-38096. The July 26, 1994 Federal Register notice includes the concepts for the new system, as developed by Statistics Canada, Mexico's INEGI, and the ECPC. It also includes a copy of the joint statement of the three countries' statistical agencies regarding the development of NAICS. That agreement includes the following principles: (1) NAICS will be erected on a production-oriented, or supply-based, conceptual framework. This means that producing units that use identical or similar production processes will be grouped together in NAICS. (2) The system will give special attention to developing production-oriented classifications for (a) new and emerging industries, (b) service industries in general, and (c) industries engaged in the production of advanced technologies. (3) Time series continuity will be maintained to the extent possible. However, changes in the economy and proposals from data users must be considered. In addition, adjustments will be required for sectors where the United States, Canada, and Mexico presently have incompatible industry classification definitions in order to produce a common industry system for all three North American countries. (4) The system will strive for compatibility with the 2-digit level of the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC, Rev. 3) of the United Nations. ECPC Report No. 3 -- Summary of Public Responses to the Proposed New North American Industry Classification Industry System provides a summary of public comments received in response to the July 26, 1994, Federal Register notice. A notice was published in the Federal Register, July 26, 1995, pp. 38436-38452, requesting comment on proposed industry structures for petroleum and coal product manufacturing, chemical manufacturing, and rubber and plastics manufacturing; for broadcasting and telecommunications; and for food services and drinking places and accommodations. A second Federal Register notice was published on February 6, 1996, pp. 4524-4578, requesting comment on proposed industry structures for crop production, animal production, forestry and logging; textile mills, textile product mills, apparel manufacturing, and leather and allied product manufacturing; food manufacturing and beverage and tobacco product manufacturing; fabricated metal product manufacturing; machinery manufacturing; electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing; and transportation equipment manufacturing. A third Federal Register notice was published on May 28, 1996, pp. 26558-26668, requesting comment on proposed industry structures for health and social assistance; educational services; computers and electronics product manufacturing; furniture manufacturing; printing and related support activities; professional, technical and scientific services; performing arts, spectator sports and related industries; museums, historical sites and similar institutions; recreation, amusement and gambling; information; wood product manufacturing, except furniture; rental and leasing; repair and maintenance; management and support; transportation; mining; paper manufacturing; nonmetallic minerals manufacturing; primary metal manufacturing; miscellaneous manufacturing; and postal service and couriers. DATES: To ensure consideration and response to all comments on the proposals set forth in this notice, comments must be in writing and should be submitted as soon as possible, but no later than September 3, 1996. It is planned that this proposed industry system would become effective in the U.S. on January 1, 1997. ADDRESSES: Correspondence about the industry proposals of the NAICS structure announced in this Federal Register notice should be sent to: Carole A. Ambler, Coordinator, Economic Classification Policy Committee, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, Room 2633-3, Washington, DC 20233, telephone number: (301) 457-2668, FAX number: (301) 457-1343. Copies of all ECPC issues papers and ECPC reports are available by contacting Jack E. Triplett, Chairman, Economic Classification Policy Committee, Bureau of Economic Analysis (BE-42), U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, DC 20230, telephone number: (202) 606-9615, FAX number: (202) 606-5311. ELECTRONIC AVAILABILITY AND COMMENTS: This document is available on the Internet from the Census Bureau via WWW browser, ftp, and E-mail. To obtain this document via WWW browser, connect to "http://www.census.gov" then select the "Current Economic Indicators" circular icon, then select "Economy-wide topics" from the "About businesses" theme, then select "North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)", then select this Federal Register notice. To obtain this document via ftp, login to ftp.census.gov as anonymous, and retrieve the file "naicsfr6" from the "/pub/epcd/naics" directory. (That directory also contains previous NAICS Federal Register notices and related documents.) To obtain this document via Internet E-mail, send a message to majordomo@census.gov with the body text as follows: "get gatekeeper naicsfr6.txt". The document will be delivered as a message attachment. Comments may be sent via Internet E-mail to the Census Bureau at naics@census.gov (do not include any capital letters in the address). Comments received at this address by the dates specified above will be included as part of the official record. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Carole A. Ambler, Coordinator, Economic Classification Policy Committee, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, Room 2633-3, Washington, DC 20233, telephone number: (301) 457-2668, FAX number: (301) 457-1343. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Structure of Notice: There are four parts to this notice. PART I includes the proposals for Finance and Insurance; PART II includes the structure for all of the subsectors not made comparable across all three countries and the structure for the retail and wholesale sectors, the boundaries of which are included in NAICS; PART III includes the proposed NAICS hierarchy; and PART IV presents the entire proposed structure of the new classification system, including the proposed coding system. Part I of the notice is organized into two sections. The first section includes a copy of the proposed agreement signed by the ECPC, Statistics Canada, and INEGI; the structure of NAICS; and an explanation of the structure. For a number of reasons, NAICS industries do not always provide as much industry detail as has been present in the U.S. SIC. Each country may add additional detailed industries, below the proposed 5-digit industry level of NAICS, as necessary to meet national needs, so long as this additional detail aggregates to a 5-digit industry NAICS level in order to ensure full comparability among the three countries. The second section includes the U.S. detailed industries within NAICS and two comparison tables showing the differences between the 1987 SIC and the 1997 NAICS with United States detail. Part II includes the structure for industries that have not been made comparable across all three countries. Because both resources and time for constructing NAICS were limited, the statistical agencies of the three countries agreed on the boundaries of some sectors or subsectors rather than a detailed industry structure. Those sectors (subsectors) are construction; utilities; retail trade; wholesale trade; real estate; lessors of other non-financial assets; waste management and remediation services; and other services that include personal and laundry services and religious, grantmaking, civic, and other membership organizations. For each of these sectors, except wholesale trade, Canada and the United States have agreed on an industry structure and hierarchy to ensure comparability of statistics between those two countries. The United States will provide for additional industries at the national level to reflect important industries in the United States that will not be shown separately in Canada. Part III includes the proposed hierarchy for NAICS. This structure includes those sectors for which detailed industries have been agreed upon by the three countries and those industries that include only an agreement between Canada and the United States. Part IV presents the entire structure of the new classification system for the United States including both NAICS and non-NAICS industries. Table 1 shows the proposed 1997 hierarchy, including NAICS and U.S. national detail industries, and the proposed coding system for NAICS with a comparison to the 1987 SIC. Table 2 is in 1987 SIC sequence and relates the 1987 SIC to the 1997 NAICS. The structure and coding system shown in Part IV, Table 1 do not include any changes based on comments received about previous Federal Register notices regarding NAICS. The ECPC is currently reviewing these comments. If you have provided comments on any of the previous notices, you do not need to resubmit those comments. This fall OMB will publish the ECPC's final recommendations to OMB for comment in a Federal Register notice that incorporates all of the ECPC's recommended revisions to the structure and coding system based on comments received in the U.S. and comments received by Canada and Mexico. Time Series Summary The standard approach to preserving time series continuity after classification revisions is to create linkages where the series break. This is accomplished by producing the data series using both the old and new classifications for a given period of transition. With the dual classifications of data, the full impact of the revision can be assessed. Data producers then may measure the reallocation of the data at aggregate industry levels and develop a concordance between the new and old series for that given point in time. The concordance creates a crosswalk between the old and new classification systems. This link between the 1987 U.S. SIC and NAICS (with U.S. national detail) will be developed by the statistical agencies in the U.S. Outreach Activities OMB and the Economic Classification Policy Committee (ECPC) are seeking comments on the proposed NAICS structure for the industries described in this notice. In carrying out its mandate to ensure maximum public participation in the process of constructing NAICS, the ECPC has already discussed many of these industry proposals with industry and user groups and will continue to do so. In addition, the ECPC is replying on a flow basis as soon as the work is completed for industry subsectors to previous Federal Register notices. Thus, this Federal Register notice supplements other ECPC public outreach activities in the development of NAICS. Part 1--Proposed New Industry Structure for Finance and Insurance Section A--NAICS Structure North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Agreement Number 24 This Document represents the proposed agreement on the structure of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) for the following sector: Finance and Insurance. The detailed NAICS structure along with a brief description of the structure is attached (Attachments 1 and 2). Each country agrees to release a copy of the proposed NAICS structure to interested data users. Comments received will be shared among the countries and additional discussions will be held before a final decision on the structure is made. Each country may add additional detailed industries, below the NAICS industry level of NAICS, as necessary to meet national needs, so long as this additional detail aggregates to the NAICS industry level in order to ensure full comparability among the three countries. This NAICS structure was presented and provisionally accepted at the NAICS Committee meeting held on December 12 and December 13, 1995 in Washington, D.C. ACCEPTED: Signature Date Canada /s/ Jacob Ryten 12/13/95 Mexico /s/ Enrique Ordaz 12/13/95 United States /s/ Jack E. Triplett 12/13/95 ATTACHMENT 1--NAICS STRUCTURE 52 FINANCE AND INSURANCE 521 Monetary Authorities - Central Bank 5211 Monetary Authorities - Central Bank 52111 Monetary Authorities - Central Bank 522 Credit Intermediation and Related Activities 523 Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Intermediation and Related Activities 5231 Securities and Commodity Contracts Intermediation and Brokerage 5232 Securities and Commodity Exchanges 52321 Securities and Commodity Exchanges 5239 Other Financial Investment Activities 524 Insurance Carriers and Related Activities 5241 Insurance Carriers 5242 Agencies, Brokerages, and Other Insurance Related Activities Attachment 2--North American Industry Classification System Draft Classification for: Finance and Insurance Representatives of the statistical agencies of Canada, Mexico, and the United States agree to a draft classification for these industries. This draft classification constitutes the sector Finance and Insurance. This sector is composed of four subsectors: Monetary Authorities - Central Bank; Credit Intermediation and Related Activities; Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Intermediation and Related Activities; and Insurance Carriers and Related Activities. These subsectors are subdivided into six industry groups. In addition, Canada and the United States will further subdivide the NAICS structure, creating, in all, nine industry groups and 25 industries; this structure is shown in Attachment 3. Mexico will have its own industry detail to reflect the very different financial institutions that exist in Mexico. A General Outline The Finance and Insurance sector consists of establishments primarily engaged in financial transactions that is, transactions involving the creation, liquidation, or change in ownership of financial assets or in facilitating financial transactions. Three principal types of activities can be identified: Some establishments raise funds by taking deposits and/or issuing securities, and, in the process, incur liabilities. They use these funds to acquire financial assets by making loans and/or purchasing securities. Putting themselves at risk, they channel funds from lenders to borrowers and transform or repackage the funds with respect to maturity, scale and risk. This activity is known as financial intermediation, and that term will be used in the rest of this agreement. Some establishments are engaged in the pooling of risk. They collect fees insurance premiums or annuity considerations; build up reserves; invest those reserves; and make contractual payments. Fees are based on the expected incidence of the insured risk and the expected return on investment. Some establishments are engaged in providing specialized services facilitating, or supporting, financial intermediation, insurance, and employee benefit programs. In addition, establishments charged with monetary control the monetary authorities are included in this sector. The subsectors, industry groups, and industries within this sector have been defined on the basis of their unique production processes. As with all industries, the production processes are distinguished by their use of specialized human resources and specialized physical capital. In addition, the way in which these establishments acquire and allocate financial capital their source of funds and the use of those funds provides a third basis for distinguishing characteristics of the production process. For instance, the production process in raising funds through deposit taking is different from the process of raising funds in bond or money markets. The process of making loans to individuals also requires different production processes than does the creation of investment pools or the underwriting of securities. Most of the Finance and Insurance subsectors contain one or more industry groups of intermediaries with similar patterns of raising and using funds and another industry group of establishments engaged in activities that facilitate, or are otherwise related to, that type of financial or insurance intermediation. The subsector Monetary Authorities - Central Bank consists of establishments engaged in such central banking functions as issuing currency, regulating the supply of credit, managing the nation's international reserves, holding deposits that represent the reserves of other banks and other central banks, and acting as fiscal agent for the central government. The institutional arrangements for performing these functions may differ among countries. In Canada these functions are performed by the Bank of Canada, in Mexico by the Bank of Mexico, and in the United States by the Federal Reserve banks. The subsector Credit Intermediation and Related Activities consists of two types of establishments: those that intermediate in credit markets and those that facilitate such intermediation. Establishments in the first group lend funds to the public or to other borrowers, raising the funds that they lend by accepting deposits from the public, by borrowing from other financial intermediaries, or by issuing commercial paper and debt in the capital markets. Establishments that facilitate credit intermediation are engaged in such activities as mortgage and loan brokerage, clearinghouse and reserve services, and check cashing services. The subsector Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Intermediation and Related Activities contains three industry groups. The first industry group, Securities and Commodity Contracts Intermediation and Brokerage, consists of establishments that put capital at risk in the process of engaging in underwriting securities issues or in making markets for securities and establishments that, as agents and brokers, act as intermediaries between buyers and sellers, usually charging a commission. The second industry group, Securities and Commodity Exchanges, consists of securities and commodity exchanges that provide administrative, monitoring, and enforcement services for financial markets. The third industry group, Other Financial Investment Activities, consists of establishments that facilitate the marketing of other financial contracts or provide portfolio management, other investment advisory services, trust, fiduciary, and custody services. The subsector Insurance Carriers and Related Activities contains two industry groups. The first industry group, Insurance Carriers, consists of establishments that intermediate as the consequence of pooling risks. They invest premiums to build up a portfolio of financial assets to be used against future claims. Industries are defined in terms of the type of risk being insured against, such as, death, loss of employment because of age or disability, and property damage. Contributions and premiums are set on the basis of actuarial calculations of probable payouts based on risk factors from experience tables and expected investment returns on reserves. The second industry group, Agencies, Brokerages, and Other Insurance Related Activities, consists of agencies and brokerages selling insurance and establishments providing other insurance- and employee-benefit-related services. Background: Existing industry classification structures for this sector typically have been specified at the enterprise level by type of financial institution banks, life insurance companies, etc. Until recently, the functions that could be performed by particular institutions were constrained by the regulatory structure in each country; but this situation is rapidly changing, particularly in Canada and the United States. The NAICS classification proposed for Finance and Insurance is a bridge between the existing institutional basis and a structure based on the activities performed within these institutions. Industries are defined in terms of activities for which a production process can be specified, and many of these activities are not exclusive to a particular type of financial institution. Although the activities carried out by establishments in the Finance and Insurance sector appear to be broadly similar in the three countries, the manner in which they have been organized and delivered are unique to each country depending on laws, regulations, tradition, and technological advancements. The extent to which these activities can be separately identified and measured is not clear; consequently, three-country NAICS is specified, for the most part, only at the subsector or industry group level. To deal with the varied activities taking place within existing financial institutions, the approach is to split these institutions into components performing specialized services. This requires defining the units engaged in providing those services and developing procedures that allow for their delineation. These units are the equivalents for Finance and Insurance of the establishments defined for other industries. There are differences in the present definition of the production unit in the three countries, ranging from the location in the United States to the enterprise in Mexico. This requires that, in designing the classification structure, consideration be given to the appropriate definition and delineation of the producing unit to be classified. The output of many financial services, as well as the inputs and the processes by which they are combined, cannot be observed at a single location and can only be defined at a higher level of the organizational structure of the enterprise. Additionally, a number of independent activities that represent separate and distinct production processes may take place at a single location belonging to a multi-location financial firm. Activities are more likely to be homogeneous with respect to production characteristics than are locations, at least in financial services. The classification proposed defines activities broadly enough that it can be used both by those classifying by location and by those employing a more top-down approach to the delineation of the establishment. Limitations and Constraints of the Classification The classification of establishments engaged in activities that facilitate, or are otherwise related to, the various types of intermediation have been included in individual subsectors, rather than in a separate subsector dedicated to services alone. This is because these services are performed by intermediaries as well as by specialist establishments, and the extent to which the activity of the former can be separately identified is not clear. An aggregate that includes all of the service, wherever it is produced, is preferable to one that misses much of it. In particular, in many instances Mexico proposes to collect data on an institutional basis and would be unable to separate services. Aggregates for related activities are identified at the 3-digit industry group level, wherever possible. They can be reaggregated to a services subsector if desired. The boundaries of the Finance and Insurance sector have been defined so as to encompass establishments primarily engaged in financial transactions that is, transactions involving the creation, liquidation, or change in ownership of financial assets or in facilitating financial transactions. Financial industries are extensive users of electronic means for facilitating the verification of financial balances, authorizing transactions, transferring funds to and from transactors' accounts, notifying banks (or credit card issuers) of the individual transactions and providing daily summaries. Since these transaction processing activities are integral to the production of finance and insurance services, establishments that principally provide a financial transaction processing service are classified to this sector, rather than to the data processing industry in the Information sector. Funds, trusts and other financial vehicles that are not separate production units and do not have employees are excluded from the structure in the three-country agreement. The management of these funds can require significant human and capital resources, however, and the management activity is a major source of the value added in the investment intermediary industry. In NAICS, where there are separate establishments and employees devoted to the management of funds, they are classified in "Other Financial Investment Activities" by all three countries. These legal entities that hold portfolios of assets on behalf of others are significant, however, and data on them are required for a variety of purposes. All three countries may include these legal entities in the compilation of financial and other statistics, but whereas Canada and Mexico do not propose to include them in their compilation of production statistics, the United States proposes to do so. The United States, therefore, has extended the boundary to include funds, trusts and other financial vehicles in a fifth subsector. Relationship to ISIC All of the industries included in this sector are contained within Divisions 65, Financial Intermediation, Except Insurance and Pension Funding; 66, Insurance and Pension Funding, and 67, Activities Auxiliary to Financial Intermediation in the current International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC, Revision 3) of the United Nations. ISIC Division 67, however, also includes actuarial consulting services, which are in the Professional, Scientific, and Technical subsector of NAICS. For Finance and Insurance, NAICS differs from ISIC, Rev.3, in the following respects: there are fewer detailed industries in NAICS; NAICS does not distinguish between monetary intermediation and other intermediation; NAICS monetary authorities (ISIC central banking) are not part of depository credit intermediation; NAICS includes activities related to financial intermediation within each subsector, although to the extent that such industry groups are identified, they can be reaggregated to approximate ISIC Division 67; and those holding companies, pension funds, and other funds that are included in ISIC are excluded from NAICS. Some Changes to the National Classifications For Canada, an important revision is that the retail operations of banks, trust companies, and other related institutions, as well as the corporate and institutional activities of these institutions, are classified to Commercial Banking, which is in the Depository Credit Intermediation industry group. There are no longer separate classes for institutions as defined in the 1980 Canadian Standard Industrial Classification (CSIC), except credit unions. The classes contained in Major Group 71 of the CSIC are to be found in a new industry group entitled Non-Depository Credit Intermediation in NAICS, with the exception of Venture Capital Companies, which are in the industry Miscellaneous Intermediation. Activities related to depository and non-depository credit intermediation are included in a single industry group, Activities Related to Credit Intermediation, within the NAICS subsector, Credit Intermediation and Related Activities. For instance, central credit unions, clearing houses, and reserve and other depository services are included here. Previously all of the operations of credit card companies were classified to CSIC 7122, Credit Card Companies. In NAICS, establishments specializing in the lending activities associated with credit cards are classified in the industry, Credit Card Issuing, a component of the industry group, Non-Depository Credit Intermediation. Establishments involved in the processing of credit cards (including billing and collection) are classified in an industry within the industry group, Activities Related to Credit Intermediation. In Canada, any establishments primarily involved in the processing of credit cards and also involved in other financial transactions would be placed in the industry group, Activities Related to Credit Intermediation. There are also important revisions in the treatment of investment intermediary industries. CSIC Major Group 72, Investment Intermediary Industries, includes establishments engaged in investing in a portfolio of securities and other investments on behalf of shareholders or unit holders. Also included in this major group are various funds and holding companies. The funds themselves are the result of savings attributable to other sectors of the economy, do not have a direct role in production, and have been excluded from NAICS. The management of these funds can require significant human and capital resources and is the primary source of the value added in this industry. Where there are separate establishments with employees devoted to the management of funds, such as in the case of mutual fund management companies, they are classified in the industry group, Other Financial Investment Activities. For Mexico, this sector corresponds almost entirely to the combination of CMAP's subsector 81 (Insurance and financial services) and branch 9740 (Services related to financial, insurance and bond institutions). The current subsector 81 comprises 18 activity classes and branch 9740 has 5 additional classes; of these 23 classes, 11 are entirely comparable with other similar NAICS industry classes, whereas the remaining 12 underwent some changes. Class 811046 (Non-banking Institutions engaged in savings and loans) and class 811047 (other credit institutions) are included in NAICS subsector, Credit Intermediation and Related Activities; class 813002 refers to insurance services that is included in NAICS industry group Insurance Carriers. On the other hand, some minor CMAP classes were regrouped or placed in miscellaneous NAICS industries as in the case of surety services (813001) or the financial advisory category and development committees (811045). Many NAICS activities will not be applicable in the case of Mexico since they refer to activities that do not exist in that country, although some may be created in the future. These activities are credit unions, interbanking and reserve boards, consumer credit, real estate credit, mortgage brokers and other credit, securities and commodity brokerage. The two other "new" industries with respect to the CMAP are miscellaneous industries generated by the restructuring of this sector. Most of the current CMAP classes will correspond either to a NAICS industry or to a national industry. So, in fact, with respect to the CMAP, these changes do not represent a great impact on the time series. For the United States, 1987 SIC Major Group 60, Depository Institutions, and 1987 SIC Major Group 61, Non-Depository Credit Institutions, differ from NAICS subsector Credit Intermediation and Related Activities in that the NAICS subsector does not include the central bank, which is in a subsector of its own; and a number of activities are broken out as industries and classified in other industry groups or subsectors trust, fiduciary, and custody services, for example. In addition, NAICS recognizes the lending activities of pawnbrokers in this subsector; pawnbrokers were classified in 1987 SIC 5932, Used Merchandise Stores. 1987 SIC Major Group 62, Security and Commodity Brokers, Dealers, Exchanges, and Services, differs from NAICS subsector Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Intermediation and Related Activities in that the NAICS subsector more clearly delineates the distinction between portfolio management (classified here) and the assets under management (excluded from NAICS); it includes the trust, fiduciary, and custody activities of banks and other financial institutions; it includes part of 1987 SIC 6733, Trusts Except Educational, Religious, and Charitable; it includes part of 1987 SIC 6792, Oil Royalty Traders; and it includes part of 1987 SIC 6799, Investors Not Elsewhere Classified. 1987 SIC Major Group 63, Insurance Carriers, and 1987 SIC Major Group 64, Insurance Agents, Brokers, and Service, differ from NAICS subsector Insurance Carriers and Related Activities in that the NAICS subsector excludes those pension and other employee benefit funds that are simply legal entities organized to hold portfolios of securities and other assets on behalf of the beneficiaries of the funds. Most of 1987 SIC Major Group 67, Holding and Other Investment Offices, is not included in the Finance and Insurance subsector in NAICS. 1987 SIC Industry Group 671, Holding Companies, and 1987 SIC Industry Group 672, Investment Offices, are included in the Funds, Trusts, and Other Financial Vehicles subsector, which is not part of NAICS but is a U.S. only subsector. 1987 SIC 6732, Educational, Religious, and Charitable Trusts, is included in the Religious, Grantmaking, Civic and Other Membership Organizations subsector; part of 1987 SIC 6733, Trusts Except Educational, Religious, and Charitable, is included in the Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Intermediation and Related Activities and part in Funds, Trusts and Other Financial Vehicles subsector; 1987 SIC 6794, Patent Owners and Lessors, is now a separate subsector; and 1987 SIC 6798, Real Estate Investment Trusts, and part of 1987 SIC 6799, Investors Not Elsewhere Classified, are included in the Funds, Trusts, and Other Financial Vehicles subsector. Achievement of Objectives The classification meets the objectives for the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). It is based on the production function concept, and it groups establishments with similar production processes. Data for financial institutions carrying out several activities will need to be disaggregated into their components for classification. The classification achieves comparability at the subsector or industry group level for the three countries and at the industry level for Canada and the United States. The unique aspects of the financial systems in the three countries, as well as countries' differing abilities to break down institutional data into their component activities, are accommodated through the provision of a number of national industries in the classification. To the extent possible, the classification structure allows for the delineation of new and emerging industries in this sector by taking into account the foreseeable changes in regulation. Innovative use of technology allows the sector to rapidly develop new products and to deliver them in new ways. ATTACHMENT 3--PROPOSED U.S./CANADIAN 5-DIGIT DETAIL FOR FINANCE AND INSURANCE 52 Finance and Insurance 521 Monetary Authorities - Central Bank 5211 Monetary Authorities - Central Bank 52111 Monetary Authorities - Central Bank 522 Credit Intermediation and Related Activities 5221 Depository Credit Intermediation 52211 Commercial Banking 52212 Savings Institutions 52213 Credit Unions 52219 Other Depository Credit Intermediation 5222 Non-Depository Credit Intermediation 52221 Credit Card Issuing 52222 Sales Financing 52229 Other Non-Depository Credit Intermediation 5223 Activities Related to Credit Intermediation 52231 Mortgage and Other Loan Brokers 52232 Financial Transactions Processing, Reserve, and Clearing House Activities 52239 Other Activities Related to Credit Intermediation 523 Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Intermediation and Related Activities 5231 Securities and Commodity Contracts Intermediation and Brokerage 52311 Investment Banking and Securities Dealing 52312 Securities Brokerage 52313 Commodity Contracts Dealing 52314 Commodity Brokerage 5232 Securities and Commodity Exchanges 52321 Securities and Commodity Exchanges 5239 Other Financial Investment Activities 52391 Miscellaneous Intermediation 52392 Portfolio Management 52393 Investment Advice 52399 All Other Financial Investment Activities 524 Insurance Carriers and Related Activities 5241 Insurance Carriers 52411 Direct Life Insurance Carriers 52412 Direct Non-Life Insurance Carriers 52413 Reinsurance Carriers 5242 Agencies, Brokerages, and Other Insurance Related Activities 52421 Insurance Agencies and Brokerages 52429 Other Insurance Related Activities As mentioned earlier, Canada and the United States have agreed to subdivide the NAICS structure and create a number of industries. Three additional industry groups are specified, all in the sector Credit Intermediation and Related Activities, and 23 industries are defined in the industry groups that are not detailed in NAICS. As compared with the existing classifications, the major features of the proposed elaboration of the NAICS classification structure for this sector are the following: Financial intermediation is more clearly differentiated from services facilitating or otherwise related to financial intermediation. Industries are more homogeneous in terms of the activities included. The classification is less reflective of regulatory definitions. The proposed NAICS structure clearly differentiates between the management of funds and the assets under management. Remaining class of customer distinctions reflect true differences in production processes. The NAICS subsector Credit Intermediation and Related Activities is subdivided into three industry groups: Depository Credit Intermediation, Non-Depository Credit Intermediation, and Activities Related to Credit Intermediation. The first industry group, Depository Credit Intermediation, consists of establishments that raise the funds they lend by accepting deposits; within it, industries are defined on the basis of differences in the types of deposit liabilities assumed and the nature of the credit extended. The second industry group, Non-Depository Credit Intermediation, consists of establishments that fund themselves by borrowing from other financial intermediaries or by issuing commercial paper and other debt instruments; within this group, industries are defined on the basis of the type of credit being extended. The third industry group, Activities Related to Credit Intermediation, consists of establishments that facilitate credit intermediation by such activities as bringing borrowers and lenders together and clearing checks and credit card transactions. The NAICS industry group Securities and Commodity Contracts Intermediation and Brokerage is subdivided into four industries that distinguish between brokers who bring together buyers and sellers of financial instruments, usually charging a commission, and establishments that intermediate by putting capital at risk and that are compensated by price spreads on the instruments they trade. An additional distinction is made between establishments operating in securities markets and establishments operating in commodities contract markets. The NAICS industry group Other Financial Investment Activities is subdivided into four industries. Miscellaneous Intermediation consists of establishments that put capital at risk in instruments other than securities and commodity contracts. Establishments in Portfolio Management have authority to direct the use or investment of funds or other assets; for a fee, they buy and sell securities or other assets in portfolios of assets entrusted to them and make decisions about the objectives and content of these portfolios. Investment Advice consists of establishments that provide investment information on a fee basis, but do not have authority to execute trades. Establishments in All Other Financial Investment Activities are engaged in such activities as providing trust, fiduciary and custody services. The NAICS industry group Insurance Carriers is subdivided into three industries. Direct Life Insurance Carriers underwrite annuities and life, accidental death and dismemberment, and disability income insurance directly to policyholders. Direct Non-Life Insurance Carriers underwrite various lines of insurance (other than life insurance) directly to policyholders. Reinsurance Carriers assume all or part of insurance policies originally written by another carrier. The NAICS industry group Agencies, Brokerages, and Other Insurance Related Activities is subdivided into two industries. Insurance Agencies and Brokerages consists of establishments that sell insurance products. Other Insurance Related Activities consists of establishments providing, on a fee or contract basis, such insurance services as claims administration and adjusting. Section B - Annex: United States National Industry Detail As explained in the Structure presentation of this notice, the three country agreement on NAICS envisions that each country may develop national detail industries below the NAICS industry level, so long as the national detail can be aggregated to the NAICS classification, thus assuring full North American comparability. As explained earlier, for finance and insurance the three countries agreed to comparability at either the subsector or the industry group level. However, Canada and the United States have agreed to a classification that extends comparability to the 5-digit industry level. Attachment 3 shows the industry detail agreed upon by Canada and the United States. These industries can be aggregated to the NAICS classifications, thus assuring full North American comparability. The ECPC is proposing U.S. 6-digit industry detail for this NAICS industry sector. In the following tables, proposed 6-digit detail is shown. For cases where no 6-digit detail is shown, the ECPC is proposing that the 5-digit industries will also represent the most detailed U.S. industries. In addition to the 6-digit detail, there is a U.S.-only subsector Funds, Trusts, and Other Financial Vehicles that provides a classification structure for legal entities organized to hold portfolios of securities or other assets on behalf of shareholders, beneficiaries of pension funds, etc. The portfolio is customized so as to achieve specific investment characteristics, such as diversification, risk, rate of return, and price volatility. These entities earn interest, dividends, and other property income, but have no employment or revenue from the sale of services. The funds themselves are excluded from the NAICS classification, because they are not separate production units and do not have employees, although establishments with employees devoted to the management of funds are classified in several of the industries within the NAICS subsectors Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Intermediation and Related Activities and Insurance Carriers and Related Activities. Despite their lack of employment, these funds are economically significant, and the United States requires data related to them for various purposes. For instance, financial flow accounts and balance of payments accounts track changes in outstanding assets and liabilities, and interest and dividend income earnings are important in determining the distribution of income. Moreover, funds are frequently given tax numbers, become part of the survey frame, and are sometimes surveyed. It is necessary to have a structure for classifying such records and keeping them separate from those of producing units. Consequently, these funds are placed in a U.S.-only subsector at the end of the NAICS classification structure. Included in this subsector are: Holding Companies, Insurance and Employee Benefit Funds, and Investment Pools and Funds. TABLE 1 The definition of status codes are as follows: E-existing industry; N-new industry; R-revised industry; and * means "part of". The abbreviation NEC is used for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1997 NAICS and U.S. description Status Code 1987 SIC Code 1987 SIC description 521 Monetary Authorities - Central Bank 5211 Monetary Authorities - Central Bank 52111 Monetary Authorities - Central Bank E 6011 Federal Reserve Banks 522 Credit Intermediation and Related Activities 5221 Depository Credit Intermediation 52211 Commercial Banking R *6021 National Commercial Banks (banking) *6022 State Commercial Banks (banking) 6029 Commercial Banks, NEC *6081 Branches and Agencies of Foreign Banks (banking) 52212 Savings Institutions R 6035 Savings Institutions, Federally Chartered 6036 Savings Institutions, Not Federally Chartered 52213 Credit Unions R 6061 Credit Unions, Federally Chartered 6062 Credit Unions, Not Federally Chartered 52219 Other Depository Credit Intermediation N *6099 Functions Related to Depository Banking, NEC (money order issuance) 5222 Non-Depository Credit Intermediation 52221 Credit Card Issuing N *6021 National Commercial Banks (credit card issuing) *6022 State Commercial Banks (credit card issuing) *6141 Personal Credit Institutions (credit card issuing) 52222 Sales Financing N *6141 Personal Credit Institutions (installment sales finance) *6153 Short-Term Business Credit Institutions, Except Agricultural (business sales finance). *6159 Miscellaneous Business Credit Institutions (finance leasing) 52229 Other Non-Depository Credit Intermediation 522291 Consumer Credit R *6141 Personal Credit Institutions (except installment sales finance and credit card issuing) 522292 Real Estate Credit R *6162 Mortgage Bankers and Loan Correspondents (mortgage bankers and originators) 522293 International Trade Financing N *6081 Branches and Agencies of Foreign Banks (international trade financing) 6082 Foreign Trade and International Banking Institutions *6111 Federal and Federally-Sponsored Credit Agencies (trade banks) *6159 Miscellaneous Business Credit Institutions (trade banks) 522294 Secondary Market Financing N *6111 Federal and Federally Sponsored Credit Agencies (except trade banks) 522299 All Other Non-Depository Credit Intermediation N *5932 Used Merchandise Stores (pawnshops) *6081 Branches and Agencies of Foreign Banks (agencies) *6111 Federal and Federally-Sponsored Credit Agencies (except trade banks and secondary market financing) *6153 Short-Term Business Credit Institutions, Except Agricultural (except credit card service and business sales finance) *6159 Miscellaneous Business Credit Institutions (except trade banks and finance leasing) 5223 Activities Related to Credit Intermediation 52231 Mortgage and Other Loan Brokers E 6163 Loan Brokers 52232 Financial Transactions Processing, Reserve, and Clearing House Activities N 6019 Central Reserve Depository Institutions, NEC *6099 Functions Related to Depository Banking, NEC (electronic funds transfer networks and clearing house associations) *6153 Short-Term Business Credit Institutions, Except Agricultural (credit card service) *7389 Business Services, NEC (credit card service) 52239 Other Activities Related to Credit Intermediation N *6099 Functions Related to Depository Banking, NEC (except money orders, electronic funds transfer networks and clearing houses, foreign currency exchanges, escrow and fiduciary agencies and deposit brokers) *6162 Mortgage Bankers and Loan Correspondents (mortgage servicing) 523 Securities, Commodity Contracts and Other Intermediation and Related Activities 5231 Securities and Commodity Contracts Intermediation and Brokerage 52311 Investment Banking and Securities Dealing N *6211 Security Brokers, Dealers, and Flotation Companies (securities dealers and underwriters) 52312 Securities Brokerage N *6211 Security Brokers, Dealers, and Flotation Companies (security brokers) 52313 Commodity Contracts Dealing N *6099 Functions Related to depository Banking, NEC (foreign currency exchange) *6221 Commodity Contracts Brokers and Dealers (commodity dealers) 52314 Commodity Brokerage N *6221 Commodity Contracts Brokers and Dealers (commodity brokers) 5232 Securities and Commodity Exchanges 52321 Securities and Commodity Exchanges E 6231 Security and Commodity Exchanges 5239 Other Financial Investment Activities 52391 Miscellaneous Intermediation N *6211 Securities Brokers, Dealers and Flotation Companies (except securities and commodity dealers) *6799 Investors, NEC (venture capital companies) 52392 Portfolio Management N *6282 Investment Advice (portfolio managers) *6371 Pension, Health, and Welfare Funds (managers) *6733 Trust, Except Educational, Religious, and Charitable (managers) *6799 Investors, NEC (pool operators) 52393 Investment Advice R *6282 Investment Advice (except portfolio managers) 52399 All Other Financial Investment Activities 523991 Trust, Fiduciary and Custody Activities N *6021 National Commercial Banks (trust services) *6022 State Commercial Banks (trust services) 6091 Nondeposit Trust Facilities *6099 Functions Related to Depository Banking, NEC (escrow and fiduciary agencies) *6289 Services Allied With the Exchange of Securities or Commodities, NEC (securities custodians) *6733 Trusts, Except Educational, Religious, and Charitable (administrators of private estates) 523999 Miscellaneous Financial Investment Activities R *6099 Functions Related to Depository Banking, NEC (deposit brokers) *6211 Security Brokers, Dealers, and Flotation Companies (dealers, except security and commodity) *6289 Services Allied With the Exchange of Securities or Commodities, NEC (except security custodians) *6792 Oil Royalty Traders (investors on own account) 524 Insurance Carriers and Related Activities 5241 Insurance Carriers 52411 Direct Life Insurance Carriers R *6311 Life Insurance (life insurers-direct) 52412 Direct Non-Life Insurance Carriers 524121 Property and Casualty Insurance Carriers R *6331 Fire, Marine, and Casualty Insurance (fire, marine, and casualty insurers-direct) *6351 Surety Insurance (financial responsibility insurers-direct) 524122 Health and Medical Insurance Carriers R *6324 Hospital and Medical Service Plans (health and medical insurers-direct) *6321 Accident and Health Insurance (health and medical insurers-direct) 524123 Title Insurance Carriers R *6361 Title Insurance (title insurers-direct) 524129 Other Direct Non-Life Insurance Carriers E 6399 Insurance Carriers, NEC 52413 Reinsurance Carriers N *6311 Life Insurance (reinsurers) *6321 Accident and Health Insurance (reinsurers) *6324 Hospital and Medical Service Plans (reinsurers) *6331 Fire, Marine, and Casualty Insurance (reinsurers) *6351 Surety Insurance (reinsurers) *6361 Title Insurance (reinsurers) 5242 Agencies, Brokerages and Other Insurance Related Activities 52421 Insurance Agencies and Brokerages R *6411 Insurance Agents, Brokers and Service (insurance agents and brokers) 52429 Other Insurance Related Activities 524291 Claims Adjusters N *6411 Insurance Agents, Brokers and Service (insurance claims adjusters) 524292 Third Party Administration for Insurance and Pension Funds N *6371 Pension, Health, and Welfare Funds (administrators) *6411 Insurance Agents, Brokers and Service (processors) 524299 All Other Activities Related to Insurance N *6411 Insurance Agents, Brokers and Service (except processors, agents and brokers, and claims adjusters) 525 Funds, Trusts and Other Financial Vehicles (U.S. Only) 5251 Holding Companies 52511 Holding Companies 525111 Bank Holding Companies E 6712 Offices of Bank Holding Companies 525119 Other Holding Companies E 6719 Offices of Holding Companies, NEC 5252 Insurance and Employee Benefit Funds 52521 Pension Funds N *6371 Pension, Health, and Welfare Funds (pension funds) 52522 Health and Welfare Funds N *6371 Pension, Health, and Welfare Funds (health and welfare funds) 52523 Insurance and Other Employee Benefit Funds N *6321 Accident and Health Insurance (self insurers) *6324 Hospital and Medical Service Plans (self insurers) *6331 Fire, Marine, and Casualty Insurance (self insurers) *6733 Trusts, Except Educational, Religious, and Charitable (vacation funds for employees) 5259 Other Investment Pools and Funds 52591 Open-End Investment Funds E 6722 Management Investment Offices, Open-End 52592 Personal Trusts, Estates, and Agency Accounts N *6733 Trusts, Except Educational, Religious, and Charitable (personal trusts, estates, and agency accounts) 52593 Mortgage Investment Funds E 6798 Real Estate Investment Trusts (REIT funds) 52599 Other Financial Vehicles E 6726 Unit Investment Trusts, Face-Amount Certificate Offices, and Closed-End Management Investment Offices Table 2 The abbreviation "pt" means "part of". @ means time series break has been created that is greater than 3% of the 1992 value of revenue for the 1987 SIC industry. The abbreviation NEC is used for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1987 USIC code 1987 USIC description 1997 U.S. description 5932 Used Merchandise Stores Pawnshops All Other Non-Depository Credit Intermediation (pt) Except Pawnshops Used Merchandise Stores 6011 Federal Reserve Banks Monetary Authorities-Central Banks 6019@ Central Reserve Depository Institutions, NEC Financial Transactions Processing, Reserve, and Clearing House Activities (pt) 6021@ National Commercial Banks Commercial Banks Commercial Banking (pt) Credit Card Issuing Credit Card Issuing (pt) Trust Services Trust, Fiduciary and Custody Activities (pt) 6022@ State Commercial Banks Commercial Banks Commercial Banking (pt) Credit Card Issuing Credit Card Issuing (pt) Trust Services Trust, Fiduciary and Custody Activities (pt) 6029@ Commercial Banks, NEC Commercial Banking (pt) 6035@ Savings Institutions, Federally Chartered Savings Institutions (pt) 6036@ Savings Institutions, Not Federally Chartered Savings Institutions (pt) 6061@ Credit Unions, Federally Chartered Credit Unions (pt) 6062@ Credit Unions, Not Federally Chartered Credit Unions (pt) 6081@ Branches and Agencies of Foreign Banks International Trade Financing International Trade Financing (pt) Branches of Foreign Banks Commercial Banking (pt) Agencies of Foreign Banks All Other Non-Depository Credit Intermediation (pt) 6082@ Foreign Trade and International Banking Institutions International Trade Financing (pt) 6091@ Nondeposit Trust Facilities Trust, Fiduciary, and Custody Activities (pt) 6099@ Functions Related to Deposit Banking, NEC Money Order Issuance Other Depository Credit Intermediation (pt) Clearinghouses Financial Transactions Processing, Reserve, and Clearing House Activities (pt) Foreign Currency Exchange Commodity Contracts Dealing (pt) Escrow and Fiduciary Agencies Trust, Fiduciary, and Custody Activities (pt) Deposit Brokers Miscellaneous Financial Investment Activities (pt) Other Other Activities Related to Credit Intermediation (pt) 6111@ Federal and Federally Sponsored Credit Agencies Trade Banks International Trade Financing (pt) Secondary Market Financing Secondary Market Financing Other All Other Non-Depository Credit Intermediation (pt) 6141@ Personal Credit Institutions Credit Card Issuing Credit Card Issuing (pt) Installment Sales Financing Sales Financing and Finance Leasing (pt) Other Consumer Credit (pt) 6153@ Short-Term Business Institutions, Except Agricultural Business Sales Finance Sales Financing and Finance Leasing (pt) Credit Card Service Financial Transactions Processing, Reserve, and Clearing House Activities (pt) Other All Other Non-Depository Credit Intermediation (pt) 6159@ Miscellaneous Business Credit Institutions Finance Leasing Sales Financing and Finance Leasing Trade Banks International Trade Financing (pt) Other All Other Non-Depository Credit Intermediation (pt) 6162@ Mortgage Bankers and Loan Correspondents Mortgage Bankers and Originators Real Estate Credit Mortgage Servicing Other Activities Related to Credit Intermediation (pt) 6163 Loan Brokers Mortgage and Other Loan Brokers 6211@ Security Brokers, Dealers, and Flotation Companies Security Dealers and Underwriters Investment Banking and Securities Dealing (pt) Security Brokers Securities Brokerage Dealers, Except Securities and Commodities Miscellaneous Intermediation (pt) Other Miscellaneous Financial Investment Activities (pt) 6221@ Commodity Contracts Brokers and Dealers Commodity Dealers Commodity Contracts Dealing (pt) Commodity Brokers Commodity Brokerage (pt) 6231 Security and Commodity Exchanges Securities and Commodity Exchanges 6282@ Investment Advice Portfolio Managers Portfolio Management (pt) Other Investment Advice (pt) 6289@ Services Allied With the Exchange of Securities or Commodities, NEC Securities Custodians Trust, Fiduciary, and Custody Activities (pt) Other Miscellaneous Financial Investment Activities (pt) 6311@ Life Insurance Life Insurers-Direct Direct Life Insurance Carriers (pt) Reinsurance Carriers, Life Reinsurance Carriers (pt) 6321@ Accident and Health Insurance Health and Medical Insurers-Direct Health and Medical Insurance Carriers (pt) Reinsurance Carriers, Accident and Health Reinsurance Carriers (pt) Self Insurers Insurance and Other Employee Benefit Funds (pt) 6324@ Hospital and Medical Service Plans Health and Medical Insurers-Direct Health and Medical Insurance Carriers (pt) Reinsurance Carriers, Health and Medical Reinsurance Carriers (pt) Self Insurers Insurance and Other Employee Benefit Funds (pt) 6331@ Fire, Marine, and Casualty Insurance Fire, Marine, and Casualty Insurers-Direct Property and Casualty Insurance Carriers (pt) Reinsurance Carriers, Fire, Marine, and Casualty Reinsurance Carriers (pt) Self Insurers Insurance and Other Employee Benefit Funds (pt) 6351@ Surety Insurance Financial Responsibility Insurers-Direct Property and Casualty Insurance Carriers (pt) Reinsurance Carriers, Financial Responsibility Reinsurance Carriers (pt) 6361@ Title Insurance Title Insurers-Direct Title Insurance Carriers (pt) Reinsurance Carriers, Title Reinsurance Carriers (pt) 6371@ Pension, Health, and Welfare Funds Managers Portfolio Management Administrators Third Party Administration for Insurance and Pension Funds (pt) Pension Funds Pension Funds (pt) Health and Welfare Funds Health and Welfare Funds (pt) 6399 Insurance Carriers, NEC Other Direct Non-Life Insurance Carriers 6411@ Insurance Agents, Brokers, and Service Insurance Agents and Brokers Insurance Agencies and Brokerages Claim Adjusters Claims Adjusters Claim Processors Third Party Administrators for Insurance and Pension Funds (pt) Other All Other Activities Related to Insurance 6712 Offices of Bank Holding Companies Bank Holding Companies 6719 Offices of Holding Companies, NEC Other Holding Companies 6722 Management Investment Offices, Open-End Open-End Investment Funds 6726 Unit Investment Trusts, Face-Amount Certificate Offices, and Closed-End Management Investment Offices Other Financial Vehicles 6732 Educational, Religious and Charitable Trusts Grantmaking Foundations 6733@ Trusts, Except Educational, Religious, and Charitable Managers Portfolio Management (pt) Administrators of Private Estates Trust, Fiduciary, and Custody Services (pt) Vacation Funds for Employees Insurance and Other Employee Benefit Funds (pt) Personal Trusts, Estates, and Agency Accounts Personal Trusts, Estates, and Agency Accounts (pt) 6792@ Oil Royalty Traders Investors on Own Account Miscellaneous Financial Investment Activities (pt) Oil Royalty Trading Companies Owners and Lessors of Other Non-Financial Assets 6794 Patent Owners and Lessors Owners and Lessors of Other Non-Financial Assets 6798 Real Estate Investment Trusts Mortgage Investment Funds 6799@ Investors, NEC Venture Capital Companies Miscellaneous Intermediation (pt) Pool Operators Portfolio Management (pt) Other Miscellaneous Financial Investment Activities (pt) 7389 Business Services, NEC Credit Card Service Financial Transactions Processing, Reserve, and Clearing House Activities (pt) Other Business Services Included in Other Subsectors of NAICS Overview of the U.S. Classification Structure 1987 SIC Major Group 60, Depository Institutions, differs from industry group Depository Credit Intermediation in that the new industry group does not include the central bank, which is in a subsector of its own; industries are no longer defined by charter; and a number of activities are broken out as industries and classified in other industry groups or subsectors trust, fiduciary, and custody services, for example. In addition, activities such as clearing houses and reserve services, which were part of 1987 SIC Major Group 60, are classified to the new industry group Activities Related to Credit Intermediation. 1987 SIC Major Group 61, Non-Depository Credit Institutions, is similar in coverage to the new industry group Non-Depository Credit Intermediation, but, in the latter, industry detail is based on production differences in granting particular types of credit, not on class of customers or on the extent of government sponsorship. In particular, the activities previously included in 1987 Industry Group 615, Business Credit Institutions, are now more clearly specified. In addition, NAICS recognizes the lending activities of pawnbrokers in this subsector; pawnbrokers were classified in 1987 SIC 5932, Used Merchandise Stores. In addition, activities such as mortgage brokers and financial transactions processing are classified to the new industry group Activities Related to Credit Intermediation. 1987 SIC Major Group 62, Security and Commodity Brokers, Dealers, Exchanges, and Services, differs from NAICS subsector Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Intermediation and Related Activities in that the NAICS subsector separates brokerage from underwriting and dealing; it more clearly delineates the distinction between portfolio management (classified here) and the assets under management (excluded from NAICS but shown as U.S. detail); and it includes the trust, fiduciary, and custody activities of banks and other financial institutions. 1987 SIC Major Groups 63, Insurance Carriers, and 64, Insurance Agents, Brokers, and Service, differ from NAICS subsector Insurance Carriers and Related Activities in that in NAICS, reinsurance carriers are separated from direct insurance carriers; pension and other employee benefit funds (now in the U.S. subsector Funds, Trusts, and Other Financial Vehicles) are no longer included; and separate industries are defined for several insurance-related services. 1987 Major Group 67, Holding and Other Investment Offices, differs from the U.S.-only subsector Funds, Trusts, and Other Financial Vehicles, in that the latter includes 1987 SIC 6371, Pension, Health and Welfare Funds, but excludes 1987 SIC 6732, Educational, Religious, and Charitable Trusts; 1987 SIC 6792, Oil Royalty Traders; 1987 SIC 6794, Patent Owners and Lessors; and 1987 SIC 6799, Investors NEC. 1987 SIC 6732 has been transferred to the Religious, Grantmaking, Civic, and Other Membership Association subsector on the grounds that they are essentially treasury establishments supporting the charitable purposes of the entities that own the assets under management. Part of 1987 SIC 6792, Oil Royalty Traders, and part of 1987 SIC 6794, Patent Owners and Lessors, have been transferred to a new subsector. The remainder of 1987 SIC 6792, Oil Royalty Traders, and 1987 SIC 6799, Investors, NEC, are classified in Miscellaneous Financial Investment Activities. Description of Changes to the U.S. System There are 44 industries in this sector, of which 23 are new, 14 are revised, and 7 remain the same as in the 1987 SIC. 1. Monetary Authorities - Central Bank: There were two industries in this subsector for 1987. One, 1987 SIC 6011, Federal Reserve Banks, remains in this subsector; the other, 1987 SIC 6019, Central Reserve Depository Institutions, NEC, is moved to Credit Intermediation and Related Activities. 2. Credit Intermediation and Related Activities: Eight new industries are added to the 1997 industry structure for this subsector. New industries are the following: Other Depository Credit Intermediation from part of 1987 SIC 6099, Functions Related to Depository Banking, NEC. Credit Card Issuing from part of 1987 SIC 6021, National Commercial Banks; part of 1987 SIC 6022, State Commercial Banks; and part of 1987 SIC 6141, Personal Credit Institutions. Sales Financing and Finance Leasing from part of 1987 SIC 6141, Personal Credit Institutions'part of 1987 SIC 6153, Short-Term Business Credit Institutions, Except Agricultural; and part of 1987 SIC 6159, Miscellaneous Business Credit Institutions. International Trade Financing from part of 1987 SIC 6081, Branches and Agencies of Foreign Banks; from 1987 SIC 6082, Foreign Trade and International Banking Institutions; part of 1987 SIC 6111, Federal and Federally-Sponsored Credit Agencies; and part of 1987 SIC 6159, Miscellaneous Business Credit Institutions. Secondary Market Financing from part of 1987 SIC 6111, Federal and Federally-Sponsored Credit Agencies. All Other Non-Depository Credit Intermediation from part of 1987 SIC 5932, Used Merchandise Stores; part of 1987 SIC 6081, Branches and Agencies of Foreign Banks; part of 1987 SIC 6111, Federal and Federally-Sponsored Credit Agencies; part of 1987 SIC 6153, Short-Term Business Credit Institutions, Except Agriculture; and part of 1987 SIC 6159, Miscellaneous Business Credit Institutions. Financial Transactions Processing, Reserve, and Clearing House Activities from 1987 SIC 6019, Central Reserve Depository Institutions, NEC; part of 1987 SIC 6099, Functions Related to Depository Banking, NEC; part of 1987 SIC 6153, Short-Term Business Credit Institutions, Except Agricultural; and part of 1987 SIC 7389, Business Services, NEC. Other Activities Related to Credit Intermediation from part of 1987 SIC 6099, Functions Related to Depository Banking, NEC, and part of 1987 SIC 6162, Mortgage Bankers and Loan Correspondents. Five industries are revised for the 1997 industry structure for this subsector. The revised industries are the following: Commercial Banking revised from part of 1987 SIC 6021, National Commercial Banks; part of 1987 SIC 6022, State Commercial Banks; 1987 SIC 6029, Commercial Banks, NEC; and part of 1987 SIC 6081, Branches and Agencies of Foreign Banks. Savings Institutions revised to include 1987 SIC 6035, Savings Institutions, Federally Chartered, and 1987 SIC 6036, Savings Institutions, Not Federally Chartered. Credit Unions revised to include 1987 SIC 6061, Credit Unions, Federally Chartered, and 1987 SIC 6062, Credit Unions, Not Federally Chartered. Consumer Credit revised to include part of 1987 SIC 6141, Personal Credit Institutions. Real Estate Credit revised from part of 1987 SIC 6162, Mortgage Bankers and Loan Correspondents. The number of Credit Intermediation and Related Activities industries decreased from 18 in 1987 to 14 in 1997. For time series linkage, there is one 1987 industry that is comparable within 3 percent of the 1997 industry. 3. Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Intermediation and Related Activities: Seven new industries are added to the 1997 industry structure for this subsector. New industries are the following: Investment Banking and Securities Dealing from part of 1987 SIC 6211, Security Brokers, Dealers, and Flotation Companies. Securities Brokerage from part of 1987 SIC 6211, Security Brokers, Dealers, and Flotation Companies. Commodity Contracts Dealing from part of 1987 SIC 6099, Functions Related to Depository Banking, NEC, and part of 1987 SIC 6221, Commodity Contracts Brokers and Dealers. Commodity Brokerage from part of 1987 SIC 6221, Commodity Contracts Brokers and Dealers. Miscellaneous Intermediation from part of 1987 SIC 6211, Security Brokers, Dealers, and Flotation Companies; and part of 1987 SIC 6799, Investors, NEC. Portfolio Management from part of 1987 SIC 6282, Investment Advice; part of 1987 SIC 6371, Pension, Health, and Welfare Funds; part of 1987 SIC 6733, Trusts, Except Educational, Religious, and Charitable; and part of 1987 SIC 6799, Investors, NEC. Trust, Fiduciary and Custody Activities from part of 1987 SIC 6021, National Commercial Banks; part of 1987 SIC 6022, State Commercial Banks; 1987 SIC 6091, Non-deposit Trust Facilities; part of 1987 SIC 6099, Functions Related to Depository Banking, NEC; part of 1987 SIC 6289, Services Allied With the Exchange of Securities or Commodities, NEC; and part of 1987 SIC 6733, Trusts, Except Educational, Religious, and Charitable. Two industries are revised for the 1997 industry structure for this subsector. The revised industries are the following: Investment Advice revised to include part of 1987 SIC 6282, Investment Advice. Miscellaneous Financial Investment Activities revised to include part of 1987 SIC 6099, Functions Related to Depository Banking, NEC; part of 1987 SIC 6211, Security Brokers, Dealers, and Flotation Companies; part of 1987 SIC 6289, Services Allied With the Exchange of Securities or Commodities, NEC; part of 1987 SIC 6792, Oil Royalty Traders; and part of 1987 SIC 6799, Investors, NEC. The number of Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Intermediation and Related Activities industries increased from 5 in 1987 to 10 in 1997. For time series linkage, one 1987 industry is comparable within 3 percent of the 1997 industry. 4. Insurance Carriers and Related Activities: Four new industries are added to the 1997 industry structure for this subsector. New industries are the following: Reinsurance Carriers from part of 1987 SIC 6311, Life Insurance; part of 1987 SIC 6321, Accident and Health Insurance; part of 1987 SIC 6324, Hospital and Medical Service Plans; part of 1987 SIC 6331, Fire, Marine, and Casualty Insurance; part of 1987 SIC 6351, Surety Insurance; and part of 1987 SIC 6361, Title Insurance. Claims Adjusters from part of 1987 SIC 6411, Insurance Agents, Brokers, and Service. Third Party Administrators for Insurance and Pension funds from part of 1987 SIC 6371, Pension, Health, and Welfare Funds, and part of 1987 SIC 6411, Insurance Agents, Brokers and Service. All Other Activities Related to Insurance from part of 1987 SIC 6411, Insurance Agents, Brokers and Service. Five industries are revised for the 1997 industry structure for this subsector. The revised industries are the following: Direct Life Insurance Carriers revised to include part of 1987 SIC 6311, Life Insurance, and part of 1987 SIC 6321, Accident and Health Insurance. Property and Casualty Insurance Carriers revised to include part of 1987 SIC 6331, Fire, Marine, and Casualty Insurance, and part of 1987 SIC 6351, Surety Insurance. Health and Medical Insurance Carriers revised to include part of 1987 SIC 6324, Hospital and Medical Service Plans, and part of 1987 SIC 6321, Accident and Health Insurance. Title Insurance Carriers revised to include part of 1987 SIC 6361, Title Insurance. Insurance Agencies and Brokerages revised to include part of 1987 SIC 6411, Insurance Agents, Brokers and Service. The number of Insurance Carriers and Related Activities industries increased from 9 in 1987 to 10 in 1997. For time series linkage, there is one 1987 industry that is comparable within 3 percent of the 1997 industry. 5. Funds, Trusts, and Other Financial Vehicles: Four new industries are added to the 1997 industry structure for this (U.S. only) subsector. New industries are the following: Pension Funds from part of 1987 SIC 6371, Pension, Health, and Welfare Funds. Health and Welfare Funds from part of 1987 SIC 6371, Pension, Health, and Welfare Funds. Insurance Funds and Other Employee Benefit Funds from part of 1987 SIC 6321, Accident and Health Insurance; part of 1987 SIC 6324, Hospital and Medical Service Plans; part of 1987 SIC 6331, Fire, Marine, and Casualty Insurance; and part of 1987 SIC 6733, Trusts, Except Educational, Religious, and Charitable. Personal Trusts, Estates, and Agency Accounts from part of 1987 SIC 6733, Trusts, Except Educational, Religious, and Charitable. Two industries were revised for 1987. The revised industries are as follows: Financial Holding Companies from 1987 SIC 6712, Offices of Bank Holding Companies and part of 1987 SIC 6719, Offices of Holding Companies, NEC. Managing Holding Companies from part of 1987 SIC 6719, Offices of Holding Companies, NEC. The number of Funds, Trusts, and Other Financial Vehicles industries decreased from 10 in 1987 to nine in 1997. For time series linkage, four 1987 industries are comparable within 3 percent of the 1997 industries. For time series linkage, 10 of the 43 1987 industries are comparable within 3 percent of the 1997 industries. Nine of the 44 1997 industries are included in the subsector Funds, Trusts, and Other Financial Vehicles. Part II--Proposed New Industry Structure for Construction; Utilities; Waste Management and Remediation Services; Retail Trade; Wholesale Trade; Real Estate; Lessors of Other Non-Financial Assets; Personal and Laundry Services; and Religious, Grantmaking, Civic and Other Membership Organizations Construction: This draft classification is provided for the Construction sector. The Construction sector includes establishments primarily engaged in the construction of buildings and other structures, additions, alterations, reconstruction, installations and maintenance and repairs. The industries within this sector have been defined on the basis of their unique production processes. As with all industries, the production processes are distinguished by their use of specialized human resources and specialized physical capital. Construction activities are generally administered or managed at a relatively fixed place of business, but the actual construction work is performed at one or more different project sites. This sector is divided into three subsectors of construction activities: (1) building construction and land subdivision and land development; (2) heavy construction other than buildings, such as highways, tunnels, and pipelines; and (3) construction activity by special trade contractors. Establishments classified in the Building, Developing and General Contracting subsector and the Heavy Construction (other than buildings) subsector, usually assume responsibility for an entire construction project, and may subcontract some or all of the actual construction work. Operative builders who build on their own account for sale, and Land Subdividers and Land Developers, who engage in subdividing real property into lots for sale, are included in the Building, Developing and General Contracting subsector. Special Trade Contractors can be included in the Heavy Construction subsector if they are engaged in activities primarily relating to heavy construction, such as grading for highways. Some establishments included in these subsectors operate under arrangements such as design-build, engineer-constructor, joint venture, and turnkey construction. Construction management is also included. The Special Trade Contractors subsector includes establishments that are primarily engaged in specialized construction activities, such as plumbing, painting, and electrical work and work for builders and general contractors under subcontract or directly for project owners. "Force Account" construction is construction work performed by an establishment primarily engaged in some business other than construction, for its own account and use, and by employees of the establishment. This activity is not included in this industry sector unless the construction work performed is the primary activity of a separate establishment of the enterprise. The installation of prefabricated building equipment and materials, such as elevators and revolving doors, is classified in the construction industry sector. Installation work incidental to sales by employees of a manufacturing or retail establishment is classified as secondary activity of those establishments. TABLE 1 The definitions of status codes are as follows: E-existing industry; N-new industry; R-revised industry; and * means "part of". The abbreviation NEC is used for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1997 NAICS and U.S. description Status code 1987 SIC code 1987 SIC description 236 Building, Developing and General Contracting 2361 Land Subdivision and Land Development 23611 Land Subdivision and Land Development E 6552 Land Subdividers and Developers, Except Cemeteries 2362 Residential Building Construction 23621 Single-Family Housing Construction R 1521 General contractors-Single-Family Houses *1531 Operative Builders (single-family housing construction) 23622 Multi-Family Housing Construction R *1522 General Contractors-Residential Building, Other Than Single-Family (except hotel and motel construction) *1531 Operative Builders (multi-family housing construction) 2363 Nonresidential Building Construction 23631 Manufacturing and Light Industrial Building Construction R *1531 Operative Builders (manufacturing and light industrial building construction) *1541 General Contractors-Industrial Buildings and Warehouses (except warehouse construction) 23632 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction R *1522 General Contractors-Residential Building Other than Single-Family (hotel and motel construction) *1531 Operative Builders (commercial and institutional building construction) *1541 General Contractors-Industrial Buildings and Warehouses (warehouse construction) 1542 General Contractor-Nonresidential Buildings, Other than Industrial Buildings and Warehouses 237 Heavy Construction 2371 Highway, Street, Bridge and Tunnel Construction 23711 Highway and Street Construction E 1611 Highway and Street Construction, Except Elevated Highways 23712 Bridge and Tunnel Construction R 1622 Bridge, Tunnel, and Elevated Highway Construction 2379 Other Heavy Construction 23791 Water, Sewer, and Pipeline Construction N *1623 Water, Sewer, Pipeline, and Communications and Power Line Construction (water and sewer mains and pipelines construction) 23792 Power and Communication Transmission Line Construction N *1623 Water, Sewer, Pipelines, and Communications and Power Line Construction (communications and power line construction) 23793 Industrial Nonbuilding Structure Construction N *1629 Heavy Construction, NEC (industrial nonbuilding structures construction) 23799 All Other Heavy Construction R *1629 Heavy Construction, NEC (except industrial nonbuilding structures construction) 238 Special Trade Contractors 2381 Plumbing, Heating and Air-Conditioning Contractors 23811 Plumbing, Heating and Air-Conditioning Contractors E 1711 Plumbing, Heating and Air-Conditioning 2382 Painting and Wall Covering Contractors 23821 Painting and Wall Covering Contractors R 1721 Painting and Paper Hanging *1799 Special Trade Contractors, NEC (paint and wallpaper, stripping and wallpaper removal contractors) 2383 Electrical Contractors 23831 Electrical Contractors R *1731 Electrical Work (except burglar and fire alarm installation) 2384 Masonry and Drywall Insulation, and Tile Contractors 23841 Masonry and Stone Contractors E 1741 Masonry, Stone Setting and Other Stone Work 23842 Drywall, Plastering, Acoustical and Insulation Contractors R 1742 Plastering, Drywall, Acoustical, and Insulation Work *1743 Terrazzo, Tile, Marble and Mosaic work (fresco work) *1771 Concrete Work (stucco construction) 23843 Tile, Marble, Terrazzo and Mosaic Contractors R *1743 Terrazzo, Tile, Marble, and Mosaic Work (except fresco work) 2385 Carpentry and Floor Contractors 23851 Carpentry Contractors E 1751 Carpentry Work 23852 Floor Laying and Other Floor Contractors E 1752 Floor Laying and Other Floor Work, NEC 2386 Roofing, Siding and Sheet Metal Contractors 23861 Roofing, Siding and Sheet Metal Contractors E 1761 Roofing, Siding, and Sheet Metal Work 2387 Concrete Contractors 23871 Concrete Contractors R *1771 Concrete Work (except stucco construction) 2388 Water Well Drilling Contractors 23881 Water Well Drilling Contractors E 1781 Water Well Drilling 2389 Other Special Trade Contractors 23891 Structural Steel Erection Contractors E 1791 Structural Steel Erection 23892 Glass and Glazing Contractors R 1793 Glass and Glazing Work *1799 Specialty Trade Contractors, NEC (tinting glass work) 23893 Excavation Contractors E 1794 Excavation Work 23894 Wrecking and Demolition Contractors E 1795 Wrecking and Demolition Work 23895 Building Equipment and Other Machinery Contractors E 1796 Installation of Erection of Building Equipment, NEC 23899 All Other Special Trade Contractors R 1799 Special Trade Contractors, NEC (except paint and wallpaper stripping, wall paper removal contractors, and tinting glass work) 7353 Heavy Construction Equipment Rental and Leasing (with operator) TLE 2 The abbreviation "pt" means "part of". @ means time series break has been created that is greater than 3% of the 1992 value of construction work for the 1987 SIC Industry. The abbreviation NEC is used for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1987 SIC code 1987 SIC description 1997 U.S. description 1521@ General Contractors-Single-Family Houses Single-Family Housing Construction (pt) 1522@ General Contractors-Residential Buildings, Other Than Single-Family Hotel and Motel Construction Commercial and Institutional Building Construction (pt) Except Hotel and Motel Construction Multi-Family Housing Construction (pt) 1531@ Operative Builders Single-Family Housing Single-Family Housing Construction (pt) Multi-Family Housing Multi-Family Housing Construction (pt) Manufacturing and Light Industrial Buildings Manufacturing and Light Industrial Building Construction (pt) Commercial and Institutional Buildings Commercial and Institutional Building Construction (pt) 1541@ General Contractors-Industrial Buildings and Warehouses Warehouse Construction Commercial and Institutional Building Construction (pt) Except Warehouse Construction Manufacturing and Light Industrial Building Construction (pt) 1542@ General Contractors-Nonresidential Buildings, Other than Industrial Buildings and Warehouses Commercial and Institutional Building Construction (pt) 1611 Highway and Street Construction, Except Elevated Highways Highway and Street Construction 1622 Bridge, Tunnel, and Elevated Highway Construction Bridge and Tunnel Construction 1623 Water, Sewer, Pipeline, and Communications and Power Line Construction Water, Sewer and Pipelines Water, Sewer and Pipeline Construction Power and Communication Transmission Lines Power and Communication Transmission Line Construction 1629 Heavy Construction, NEC Industrial Nonbuilding Structures Construction Industrial Nonbuilding Structure Construction Except Industrial Nonbuilding Structures Construction All Other Heavy Construction 1711 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Plumbing, Heating and Air-Conditioning Contractors 1721@ Painting and Paper Hanging Painting and Wall Covering Contractors (pt) 1731@ Electrical Work Burglar and Fire Alarm Installation Security Systems Services, except Locksmiths (pt) Except Burglar and Fire Alarm Installation Electrical Contractors 1741 Masonry, Stone Setting and Other Stone Work Masonry and Stone Contractors 1742 Plastering, Drywall, Acoustical and Insulation Work Drywall, Plastering, Acoustical and Insulation Contractors (pt) 1743 Terrazzo, Tile, Marble, and Mosaic Work Fresco Work Drywall, Plastering, Acoustical and Insulation Contractors (pt) Except Fresco Work Tile, Marble, Terrazzo and Mosaic Contractors 1751 Carpentry Work Carpentry Contractors 1752 Floor Laying and Other Floor Work, NEC Floor Laying and Other Floor Contractors 1761 Roofing, Siding, and Sheet Metal Work Roofing, Siding, and Sheet Metal Contractors 1771@ Concrete Work Stucco Construction Drywall, Plastering, Acoustical and Insulation Contractors (pt) Except Stucco Construction Concrete Contractors 1781 Water Well Drilling Water Well Drilling Contractors 1791 Structural Steel Erection Structural Steel Erection Contractors 1793 Glass and Glazing Work Glass and Glazing Contractors (pt) 1794 Excavation Work Excavation Contractors 1795 Wrecking and Demolition Work Wrecking and Demolition Contractors 1796 Installation of Erection of Building Equipment, NEC Building Equipment and Other Machinery Installation Contractors 1799@ Special Trade Contractors, NEC Paint and Wallpaper Stripping and Wallpaper Removal Contractors Painting and Wall Covering Contractors (pt) Tinted Glass Work Glass and Glazing Contractors (pt) All Other Special Trade Contractors All Other Special Trade Contractors (pt) 6552 Land Subdividers and Developers, Except Cemeteries Land Subdivision and Land Development 7353@ Heavy Construction Equipment Rental and Leasing With Operator All Other Special Trade Contractors (pt) Without Operator Rental and Leasing of Heavy Construction, Mining and Forestry Machinery and Equipment (pt) Description of Changes to the U.S. System The overall number of industries for the Construction sector increased from 26 to 28 from the 1987 SIC. Three new industries were created for the Heavy Construction subsector as follows: 1987 SIC 1623, Water, Sewer, Pipeline, and Communications and Power Line Construction is split into two industries: Water, Sewer and Pipeline Construction and Power and Communication Transmission Line Construction. The third new industry is Industrial Nonbuilding Structure Construction from part of 1987 SIC 1629, Heavy Construction, NEC. The split of 1987 SIC 1623 into two industries reflects the proposal received from outside users. This change improves the comparability with the grouping used in Canada. The split of 1987 SIC 1629 separates heavy construction activities for industrial nonbuilding construction from the nonindustrial nonbuilding construction and groups similar production activities. The result is improved reporting of information in greater detail according to industrial versus nonindustrial nonbuilding grouping and a reduction in the NEC classification. One industry, 1987 SIC 6552, Land Subdividers and Developers, Except Cemetery was moved from 1987 SIC 65, Real Estate, to the Construction sector because the production process is more closely related to the production process of construction industries in the Building, Developing, and General Contracting subsector. In addition, part of 1987 SIC 7353, Heavy Construction Equipment Rental and Leasing (with operators), was moved to the Construction sector because these establishments become part of the production process. The move was recommended by the Business Services Subcommittee to improve comparability with Canada and Mexico. A number of changes were made to 1987 industries in the Construction sector. These changes are: 1987 SIC 1531, Operative Builders, was deleted as a separate industry. These establishments are now included in the Building, Developing, and General Contracting subsector based on type of construction activity. The production process for these establishments is the same as other contractors who engage in constructing buildings and structures with the exception that these buildings are generally for sale on own account. The kinds of construction classified in 1987 SIC 1531 and the production processes associated with them are comparable to and consistent with the types of construction and production processes of building contractors in general. The existence of an operative builder classification is duplicative and only the U.S. includes a separate 4-digit industry specifically for operative builders. Canada and Mexico provide for operative builders within all relevant types of construction. The existence of a separate industry creates an incomparability between the three systems and this change increases comparability among the Canadian, Mexican and the U.S. classification systems. Hotel and motel construction was moved from part of 1987 SIC 1522, General Contractors-Residential Building, Other Than Single Family, to Commercial and Institutional Building Construction. Also warehouse construction was moved from part of 1987 SIC 1541, General Contractors-Industrial Buildings and Warehouses, to Commercial and Institution Building Construction. The construction activity and physical capital used in hotel, motel, and warehouse construction are closely related to the construction activity and physical capital used by nonresidential building contractors. The reassignment of the hotel and motel construction to commercial and institutional buildings will not create collectability and reportability problems. In fact, such problems may be reduced. Because contractors are more likely to classify hotels and motels within nonresidential or commercial buildings, reassigning the two items enhances the logic of the system and may improve data collectability and reportability. This change will create explicit consistency with the Canadian classification system and implicit comparability with the Mexican classification system. 1987 SIC 1611, Highway and Street Construction, Except Elevated Highways, and 1987 SIC 1622, Bridge, Tunnel, and Elevated Highway Construction, are grouped together in the industry group Highway, Street, Bridge and Tunnel Construction in the Heavy Construction subsector. The establishments in both industries have similar production processes. Fresco work was moved from part of 1987 SIC 1743, Terrazzo, Tile, Marble, and Mosaic Work, to Drywall, Plastering, Acoustical and Insulation Contractors. Fresco work is similar to the work performed by specialty plaster contractors. In Canada, fresco work is included with the plastering industry. Stucco construction was moved from part of 1987 SIC 1771, Concrete Work, to Drywall, Plastering, Acoustical and Insulation Contractors. Stucco work is done by plastering contractors on interior ceilings and walls. Stucco work is similar to plastering and drywall work and is not considered to be concrete work construction. Canada includes stucco work with the plastering industry. Paint and wallpaper removal was moved from part of 1987 SIC 1799, Specialty Trade Contractors, NEC, to Painting and Wall Covering Contractors. The production process for paint and wallpaper stripping activities are more closely allied with the activities of painting and wall covering contractors than with Other Special Trade contractors. This move achieves comparability with Canada and reduces the U.S. NEC classification. Tinting glass was moved from part of 1987 SIC 1799, Specialty Trade Contractors, NEC, to Glass and Glazing Contractors. The production process for glass tinting is more closely allied with glass and glazing construction activities. This move improves comparability with Canada. All of the above recommended changes in the classification of fresco, stucco, paint and wallpaper removal, and tinting glass improve comparability with Canada and do not reduce the comparability with Mexico. Burglar and fire alarm installation (with incidental installation) was moved from part of 1987 SIC 1731, Electrical Work, to Security System Services, except Locksmiths in the Management and Support Services subsector because more and more establishments that install also offer monitoring services. This change was proposed by an outside user. Utilities: The Utilities sector includes three industry groups. The first industry group, Electric Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution, includes establishments that provide electric power, services to both businesses and households. These are grouped together based on the presence of the system required to provide the services to the customers location. The second, Natural Gas Distribution, includes establishments that provide for the distribution of natural gas via pipelines to final customers. The last industry group, Water, Sewerage, and Other Systems, includes establishments that provide water, irrigation, sewerage and other services to customers. This group includes separate classifications for water and irrigation systems, sewerage systems, and steam and air-conditioning supply. TABLE 1 The definitions of status codes are as follows: E-existing industry; N-new industry; R-revised industry; and * means "part of." The abbreviation NEC is used for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1997 NAICS and U.S. description Status Code 1987 SIC Code 1987 SIC description 221 Utilities 2211 Electric Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution 22111 Electric Power Generation 221111 Hydroelectric Power Generation N *4911 Electric Services (hydroelectric power generation) *4931 Electric and Other Services Combined (hydroelectric power generation) *4939 Combination Utilities, NEC (hydroelectric power generation) 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation N *4911 Electric Services (fossil fuel power generation) *4931 Electric and Other Services Combined (fossil fuel power generation) *4939 Combination Utilities, NEC (fossil fuel power generation) 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation N *4911 Electric Services (nuclear electric power generation) *4931 Electric and Other Services Combined (nuclear power generation) *4939 Combination Utilities, NEC (nuclear power generation) 221119 Other Electric Power Generation N *4911 Electric Services (other electric power generation) *4931 Electric and Other Services Combined (other electric power generation) *4939 Combination Utilities, NEC (other electric power generation) 22112 Electric Power Transmission, Distribution and Control 221121 Electric Bulk Power Transmission and Control N *4911 Electric Services (electric power transmission and control) *4931 Electric and Other Services Combined (electric power transmission and control) *4939 Combination Utilities, NEC (electric power transmission and control) 221122 Electric Power Distribution N *4911 Electric Services (electric power distribution) *4931 Electric and Other Services Combined (electric power distribution) *4939 Combination Utilities, NEC (electric power distribution) 2212 Natural Gas Distribution 22121 Natural Gas Distribution R *4923 Natural Gas Transmission and Distribution (distribution) 4924 Natural Gas Distribution 4925 Mixed, Manufactured, or Liquefied Petroleum Gas Production and/or Distribution (natural gas distribution) *4932 Gas and Other Services Combined (natural gas distribution) *4939 Combination Utilities, NEC (natural gas distribution) 2213 Water, Sewerage and Other Systems 22131 Water and Irrigation Systems R 4941 Water Supply 4971 Irrigation Systems 22132 Sewerage Systems E 4952 Sewerage Systems 22133 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply E 4961 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply TABLE 2 The abbreviation "pt" means "part of" and @ means time series break has been created that is greater than 3% of the 1992 revenue for the 1987 SIC industry. The abbreviation NEC is used for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1987 SIC code 1987 SIC description 1997 U.S. description 4911 Electric Services Hydroelectric Power Generation Hydroelectric Power Generation (pt) Electric Power Generation by Fossil Fuels Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation (pt) Electric Power Generation by Nuclear Fuels Nuclear Electric Power Generation (pt) Other Electric Power Generation Other Electric Power Generation (pt) Electric Power Transmission and Control Electric Bulk Power Transmission and Control (pt) Electric Power Distribution Electric Power Distribution 4922 Natural Gas Transmission Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas 4923@ Natural Gas Transmission and Distribution Natural Gas Distribution (pt) 4924@ Natural Gas Distribution Natural Gas Distribution (pt) 4925@ Mixed, Manufactured, or Liquefied Petroleum Gas Production and/or Distribution Natural Gas Distribution (pt) 4931@ Electric and Other Services Combined Hydroelectric Power Generation When Combined with Other Services Hydroelectric Power Generation (pt) Electric Power Generation by Fossil Fuels When Combined with Other Services Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation (pt) Electric Power Generation by Nuclear Fuels When Combined with Other Services Nuclear Electric Power Generation (pt) Other Electric Power Generation When Combined with Other Services Other Electric Power Generation (pt) Electric Power Transmission When Combined with Other Services Electric Bulk Power Transmission and Control (pt) Electric Power Distribution When Combined with Other Services Electric Power Distribution (pt) 4932@ Gas and Other Services Combined Natural Gas Distribution (pt) 4939@ Combination Utilities, Not Elsewhere Classified Hydroelectric Power Generation When Combined with Other Services Hydroelectric Power Generation (pt) Electric Power Generation by Fossil Fuels When Combined with Other Services Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation (pt) Electric Power Generation by Nuclear Fuels When Combined with Other Services Nuclear Electric Power Generation (pt) Other Power Generation When Combined with Other Services Other Electric Power Plants (pt) Electric Power Transmission When Combined with Other Services Electric Bulk Power Transmission and Control (pt) Electric Power Distribution When Combined with Other Services Electric Power Distribution Natural Gas Distribution When Combined with Other Services Natural Gas Distribution (pt) 4941 Water Supply Water and Irrigation Systems (pt) 4952 Sewerage Systems Sewerage Systems Description of Changes to the U.S. System The U.S. detail for the Utilities sector consists of two subsectors, six industry groups, and 21 U.S. detail industries. For 1987, there were 14 industries. For the electrical power industry group, NAICS has added new detail for four classifications that identify different types of power plants including Hydroelectric Power Generation, Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation, Nuclear Electric Power Generation, and Other Electric Power Generation. The Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Control industry group includes two U.S. detail classifications that identify establishments that provide transmission and control services separately from those that provide for the distribution of power to final customers. The change to 1987 Industry Group 492, Gas Production and Distribution, separates the activities of transmission and distribution. The natural gas transmission activities included in 1987 SIC 4924, Natural Gas Transmission, and 1987 SIC 4923, Natural Gas Transmission and Distribution, have been moved to the Transportation sector. 1987 SIC 4925, Mixed, Manufactured, or Liquefied Gas Production and/or Distribution, has been eliminated. These activities along with the distribution activities included in 1987 SIC 4923, Natural Gas Transmission and Distribution, have been consolidated with 1987 SIC 4922, Natural Gas Distribution. The industries for combination utilities, 1987 SIC 4931, Electric and Other Services Combined, and 1987 SIC 4932, Gas and Other Services Combined, and 1987 SIC 4939, Combination Utilities, Not Elsewhere Classified, have been eliminated. These activities will be classified according to their primary activity. Waste Management and Remediation Services: The Waste Management and Remediation Services subsector includes establishments engaged in collection, treatment, and disposal of waste materials. This includes establishments providing related services like materials recovery facilities (those that sort recyclable materials from the trash stream), remediation services (those that provide for the cleanup of polluted ground, ground water, etc.), septic and sewer services, and other sanitary services. There are three industry groups within the subsector which separate these activities into Waste Collection, Waste Treatment and Disposal, and Remediation Services and Other Waste Management. TABLE 1 The definitions of status codes are as follows: E-existing industry; N-new industry; R-revised industry; and * means "part of." The abbreviation NEC is used for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1997 NAICS and U.S. description Status Code 1987 SIC Code 1987 SIC description 572 Waste Management and Remediation Services 5721 Waste Collection 57211 Waste Collection 572111 Solid Waste Collection N *4212 Local Trucking Without Storage (solid waste collection) *4953 Refuse Systems (solid waste collection) 572112 Hazardous Waste Collect N *4212 Local Trucking Without Storage (hazardous waste collection) *4953 Refuse Systems (hazardous waste collection) 572119 Other Waste Collection N *4212 Local Trucking Without Storage (other waste collection without disposal) 5722 Waste Treatment and Disposal 57221 Waste Treatment and Disposal 572211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal N *4953 Refuse Systems (hazardous waste treatment and disposal) 572212 Solid Waste Landfill N *4953 Refuse Systems (solid waste landfills) 572213 Solid Waste Combustors and Incinerators N *4953 Refuse Systems (solid waste combustors and incinerators) 572219 Other Nonhazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal N *4953 Refuse Systems (other nonhazardous waste treatment and disposal) 5723 Remediation Services and Other Waste Management 57231 Materials Recovery Facilities N *4953 Refuse Systems (materials recovery facilities) 57232 Remediation Services and All Other Waste Management 572321 Remediation Services N *4959 Sanitary Services, NEC (remediation services) 572322 Septic Tank and Related Services N *7359 Equipment Rental and Leasing, NEC (portable toilet rental) *7699 Repair Shops and Related Services, NEC (cesspool cleaning, sewer cleaning and rodding) 572329 All Other Miscellaneous Waste Management R *4953 *4959 Refuse Systems (waste transfer stations) Sanitary Services, NEC (all but remediation services, malaria control, mosquito eradication, snowplowing, street sweeping, and airport runway vacuuming) TABLE 2 The abbreviation "pt" means "part of" and @ means time series break has been created that is greater than 3% of the 1992 revenue for the 1987 SIC industry. The abbreviation NEC is used for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1987 SIC code 1987 SIC description 1997 U.S. description 4212 Local Trucking Without Storage Solid Waste Collection Without Disposal Solid Waste Collection (pt) Hazardous Waste Collection Without Disposal Hazardous Waste Collection (pt) Other Waste Collection Without Disposal Other Waste Collection (pt) Other Included in Transportation subsector 4953 Refuse Systems Solid Waste Collection When Combined with Disposal Solid Waste Collection (pt) Hazardous Waste Collection When Combined with Disposal Hazardous Waste Collection (pt) Materials Recovery Facilities Materials Recovery Facilities Waste Transfer Stations All Other Miscellaneous Waste Management (pt) Other Waste Collection When Combined with Disposal Other Waste Collection Hazardous Waste Disposal Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal Solid Waste Landfills Solid Waste Landfills Solid Waste Combustors and Incinerators Solid Waste Combustors and Incinerators Other Waste Treatment and Disposal Other Nonhazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal 4959 Sanitary Services, NEC Vacuuming of Airport Runways Airport Operations, Except Air Traffic Control Remediation Services Remediation Services Malaria Control and Mosquito Eradication Exterminating and Pest Control Snowplowing and Street Sweeping Lawn and Garden Services (pt) Other All Other Miscellaneous Waste Management (pt) 4961 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply 4971@ Irrigation Systems Water and Irrigation Systems (pt) 7359 Equipment Rental and Leasing, NEC Portable Toilet Rental Septic Tank and Related Services (pt) Consumer Electronics and Appliances Rental and Leasing Rental of Consumer Electronics and Appliances Home and Garden Tools and Equipment Rental and Leasing Rental and Leasing of Home and Garden Equipment Residential Furniture, Party Supplies, and All Other Miscellaneous Consumer Goods Rental and Leasing All Other Rental and Leasing of Consumer Goods (pt) Oilfield and Well Drilling Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing Rental and Leasing of Heavy Construction, Mining, and Forestry Machinery and Equipment Airplane Rental and Leasing Rental and Leasing of Commercial Air, Rail, and Water Transportation Equipment Industrial Trucks Rental and Leasing Rental and Leasing of Other Machinery and Equipment Office Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing Rental and Leasing of Office Machinery and Equipment 7699 Repair Shops and Relates Services, NEC Cesspool Cleaning, Sewer Cleaning and Rodding Septic Tank and Related Services (pt) Other Non-Automotive Transportation Equipment Transportation Equipment Repair and Maintenance (pt) Industrial Machines and Equipment Other Industrial Machinery and Equipment Repair and Maintenance (pt) Typewriter Repair Computer and Office Machine Repair and Maintenance (pt) Ship Scaling Other Support Activities for Water Transportation (pt) Dental Instrument Repair, Laboratory Instrument Repair, Medical Equipment and Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair, Except Typewriters Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance (pt) Bicycle Sales Locations Providing Supporting Repair Services as a Major Source of Revenue Sporting Good Stores (pt) Furnce Ducts, Chimney and Gutter Cleaning Services Other Services to Dwellings and Building (pt) Lawnmower Repair Shops, Sharpening and Repairing Knives, Saws and Tools Home and Garden Equipment Repair and Maintenance (pt) Gas Appliance Repair Service, Sewing Machine Repair, Stove Repair Shops, and Other Non-Electrical Appliances Appliance Repair and Maintenance Leather Goods Repair Shops, Luggage Repair Shops, Pocketbook Repair Shops Footwear and Leather Goods Repair (pt) Locksmith Shops Locksmiths Except Industrial, Electronic, Home and Garden, Appliance, Locksmith, and Leather Goods Other Personal or Household Goods Repair and Maintenance Description of Changes to the U.S. System 1987 SIC 4953, Refuse Systems, has been restructured to separate the operations of waste collection and waste disposal. This includes moving the garbage collection activity included in 1987 SIC 4212, Local Trucking Without Storage, from Transportation and combining it with the collection activities included in 1987 SIC 4953, Refuse Systems. There are separate classifications for hazardous waste, solid waste landfills, solid waste incinerators and other nonhazardous waste treatment. The miscellaneous sanitary services classification (1987 SIC 4959, Sanitary Services, Not Elsewhere Classified) has also been split to separate the Remediation Services. Retail: In most sectors of NAICS, the statistical agencies of Canada, Mexico, and the United States agreed to a detailed structure that includes subsectors, industry groups, and detailed industry definitions. However, because both resources and time for constructing NAICS were limited, in the the Retail Trade sector, the three statistical agencies agreed that only the boundaries of the sectors will be made comparable internationally at the present time. The structure and detailed definitions of the industries within the boundaries will be determined by national requirements. The three country agreement on the boundaries of retail and wholesale trade was published in the May 28, 1996, Federal Register, pp. 26642-26644. For Retail Trade, Canada and the United States have agreed to restructure their respective existing 4-digit hierarchies to provide for more comparable data at the detailed industry level between the two countries. This resulted primarily in developing a new hierarchy that better reflects the structure of economic activity occurring within the two countries. The United States will provide for additional industries at the national level to reflect important industries in the United States. The ECPC is proposing 5-digit industries that will be comparable with Canada and 6-digit national detail industries as shown in Table 1 for Retail Trade. In that table, where no 6-digit detail is shown, the ECPC is proposing that the NAICS 5-digit industries will also represent the most detailed U.S. industries. The Retail Trade sector is divided into twelve subsectors: Motor Vehicles and Parts Dealers; Furniture and Home Furnishing Stores; Electronics and Appliance Stores; Building Materials and Garden Equipment and Supplies Dealers; Food and Beverage Stores; Health and Personal Care Stores; Gasoline Stations; Clothing and Accessories Stores; Sports, Hobby, Book and Music Stores; General Merchandise Stores; Miscellaneous Store Retailers; and Nonstore Retailers. Two types of retailers are identified. Store retailers sell goods through a sales location and/or stores and are differentiated by characteristics of the location and selling equipment, the types and variety of services provided, and the skills of the personnel. Nonstore retailers sell goods by means other than through the sales location or store. Nonstore retailers include establishments engaged in activities like television and electronic shopping, mail order sales, door-to-door sales, home fuel sales, and sales through portable stands and stalls. The principal distinction is that the business comes to the customer rather than the customer going to the business. Store retailers are divided into 11 subsectors. Motor Vehicle and Parts Dealers operate from a showroom and/or an open lot where the vehicles are on display. The display of vehicles and the related parts require little by way of display equipment. The personnel include both the sales and sales support staff familiar with the requirements for registering, licensing, and financing a vehicle as well as a staff of parts experts and mechanics trained to provide repair and maintenance services for the vehicles. Specific industries have been included in this subsector to identify the type of vehicle being sold. The Furniture and Home Furnishing Stores also usually operate from showrooms; however, their expertise is in the areas of decorating and coordinating the furniture and accessories for the home. Many of these establishments offer interior decorating services in conjunction with the sale of products. Furniture Stores provide substantial areas for the proper presentation of the furniture which differentiates them within this group. The Floor Covering Stores maintain special equipment for the handling and display of the rolled carpet. Window Treatment Stores have special display equipment and have expertise in the way curtains, drapes, and shades should be matched to the particular type of window and coordinated with the style of furnishings being used in the room. Electronics and Appliance Stores operate from locations that have special provisions for floor displays requiring special electrical capacity to accommodate the proper demonstration of the products. The staff includes sales personnel knowledgeable in the characteristics, warranties, etc. of the line of goods sold and may also include trained repairmen to handle the maintenance and repair of the electronic equipment and appliances. The classifications within this subsector are made principally on the type of product and repair knowledge required to operate each store. Building Materials and Garden Equipment and Supplies Dealers have display equipment designed to handle lumber and related products and garden equipment and supplies that may be kept either indoors or outdoors under covered areas. The staff is usually well versed in the use of the specific products being sold in the construction, repair, and maintenance of the home and associated grounds. Hardware Stores are identified separately based on the display equipment and expertise in the use of tools and related equipment sold at these stores. Home center stores are identified separately based on the display equipment for lumber and the expertise in the use of tools and related equipment. Paint and wallpaper stores have special equipment to color and mix paint and display wallpaper. Outdoor power equipment stores typically have both inside and outside displays of equipment and provide the expertise to repair and maintain the equipment. Nursery and garden centers have the equipment and expertise to maintain a stock of live trees and plants. Food and beverage stores have special equipment for the display of the goods usually including refrigerators, freezers, and refrigerated display cases. They have staff trained in the processing of food products to guarantee the proper storage and sanitary conditions required by regulatory authority. General grocery stores are separated between convenience stores and supermarket and other grocery stores based on the mix of products. Supermarkets and other grocery stores maintain a broad variety of products including a number of highly perishable goods. Convenience stores sell a narrow line of products that includes very few perishable products. Meat markets are separated based on the equipment (extensive use of refrigeration) and the expertise to properly prepare meat products. Fish and seafood markets share much of the same refrigeration equipment but also have special equipment and skill to properly process the seafood products safely. Fruit and vegetable markets have many health and safety considerations but have far less by way of refrigeration equipment. Baked goods stores and candy, nut, and confectionery stores are separated based on the product. Health and personal care stores are characterized principally by specialized staff trained in dealing with the products. This includes pharmacists, beauticians, opticians, and other professionals that sell and may fit the product sold to the customer needs. This expertise is the principal basis for the distinctions within this subsector. Gasoline stations are establishments that sell gasoline and diesel fuel. As such, they have specialized equipment for the storage and dispensing of automotive fuels. Clothing and accessories stores have similar display equipment and staff that are knowledgeable regarding fashion trends and the proper match of styles, colors, and combinations of clothing and accessories to the characteristics and tastes of the customer. Sports, hobby, book and music stores are establishments that provide expertise on use of sporting equipment or other specific activities such as needlework, musical instruments, etc. Book stores are also included in this grouping. General merchandise stores are unique in that they have the equipment and staff capable of selling a large variety of goods from a single location. This includes a variety of display equipment and staff trained to provide information on many lines of products. Department Stores have been identified separately based on the operation of separate subunits or departments within the stores. The warehouse clubs and other general merchandise stores are separated based on the use of equipment for both the processing of food and nonfood items. This is a new and emerging industry that has not previously been identified in the classification system. Miscellaneous store retailers include stores with unique characteristics like florists, used merchandise stores, and pet and pet supply stores as well as other store retailers. TABLE 1 The definitions of status codes are as follows: E-existing industry; N-new industry; R-revised industry; and * means "part of". The abbreviation NEC is used for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1997 NAICS and description Status Code 1987 SIC Code 1987 SIC description 441 Motor Vehicle and Parts Dealers 4411 Automobile Dealers 44111 New Car Dealers E 5511 Motor Vehicle Dealers (New and Used) 44112 Used Car Dealers E 5521 Motor Vehicle Dealers (Used Only) 4412 Other Motor Vehicle Dealers 44121 Recreational Vehicle Dealers E 5561 Recreational Vehicle Dealers 44122 Motorcycles, Boats and Other Motor Vehicle Dealers 441221 Motorcycle Dealers E 5571 Motorcycle Dealers 441222 Boat Dealers E 5551 Boat Dealers 441229 All Other Motor Vehicle Dealers E 5599 Automotive Dealers, NEC 4413 Automotive Parts, Tires and Supplies Stores 44131 Automotive Parts and Supplies Stores N *5013 Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts (Wholesale) (auto parts sold via retail method) *5731 Radio, Television, and Consumer Electronics Stores (automobile radios) *5531 Auto and Home Supply Stores (except tires and tubes) 44132 Tire Dealers N *5014 Tires and Tubes (Wholesale) (tires and tubes sold via retail method) *5531 Auto and Home Supply Stores (tires and tubes) 442 Furniture and Home Furnishings Stores 4421 Furniture Stores 44211 Furniture Stores R *5021 Furniture (Wholesale) (sold via the retail method) *5712 Furniture Stores (except custom furniture and cabinets) 4422 Home Furnishings Stores 44221 Floor Covering Stores R *5023 Homefurnishings (Wholesale) (floor covering sold via retail method) 5713 Floor Coverings Stores 44229 Other Home Furnishings Stores 442291 Window Treatment Stores N *5714 Drapery, Curtain, and Upholstery Stores (drapery and curtain stores) *5719 Miscellaneous Homefurnishings Stores (blinds and shades) 442299 All Other Home Furnishings Stores R *5719 Miscellaneous Homefurnishings Stores (except pottery and crafts made and sold on site and frame shops, and window furnishings) 443 Electronics and Appliance Stores 4431 Electronics and Appliance Stores 44311 Appliance, Television and Other Electronics Stores 443111 Household Appliance Stores R 5722 Household Appliance Stores *5999 Miscellaneous Retail Stores, NEC (personal appliance stores) *7623 Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Service and Repair Shops (sales location providing supporting refrigerator repair services as major source of receipts) *7629 Electrical and Electronic Repair Shops, NEC (Services) (Sales location providing supporting appliance repair services as major source of receipts) 443112 Radio, Television and Other Electronics Stores R *5731 Radio, Television, and Consumer Electronics Stores (except auto radios) *5999 Miscellaneous Retail Stores, NEC (typewriters and telephones) *7622 Radio and Television Repair Shops (sales locations providing supporting repair services as major source of receipts) 44312 Computer and Software Stores R *5045 Computers and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software (sold via retail method) *7378 Computer Maintenance and Repair (sales locations providing supporting repair services as major source of receipts)` 5734 Computer and Computer Software Stores 44313 Camera and Photographic Supply Stores E 5946 Camera and Photographic Supply Stores 444 Building Materials and Garden Equipment and Supplies Dealers 4441 Building Materials and Supplies Dealers 44411 Home Centers N *5211 Lumber and Other Building Materials Dealers (home center stores) 44412 Paint and Wallpaper Stores R *5198 Paints, Varnishes, and Supplies (sold via retail method) *5231 Paint, Glass, and Wallpaper Stores (paint and wallpaper) 44413 Hardware Stores E 5251 Hardware Stores 44419 Other Building Materials Dealers R *5031 Lumber, Plywood, Millwork, and Wood Panels (Wholesale) (sold via retail method) *5032 Brick, Stone, and Related Construction Materials (Wholesale) (sold via retail method) *5039 Construction Materials, NEC (Wholesale) (glass sold via retail method) *5063 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Construction Materials (Wholesale) (sold via retail method) *5074 Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies (Hydronics) (sold via retail method) *5211 Lumber and Other Building Materials Dealers (except home centers) *5231 Paint, Glass, and Wallpaper Stores (glass) 4442 Lawn and Garden Equipment and Supplies Stores 44421 Outdoor Power Equipment Stores N *5083 Farm and Garden Machinery and Equipment (Wholesale) (sold via retail method) *5261 Retail Nurseries, Lawn and Garden Supply Stores (outdoor power equipment) 44422 Nursery and Garden Centers R *5191 Farm Supplies (sold via retail method) *5193 Flowers, Nursery Stock, and Florists' Supplies (sold via retail method) *5261 Retail Nurseries, Lawn and Garden Supply Stores (except outdoor power equipment and cut Christmas trees) 445 Food and Beverage Stores 4451 General Food Stores 44511 Supermarkets and Grocery Stores N *5411 Grocery Stores (except convenience stores) 44512 Convenience Stores N *5411 Grocery Stores (convenience stores without gas) 4452 Specialty Food Stores 44521 Meat Markets R *5421 Meat and Fish (Seafood) Markets, Including Freezer Provisioners (meat except freezer provisioners) *5499 Miscellaneous Food Stores (poultry and poultry products) 44522 Fish and Seafood Markets N *5421 Meat and Fish (Seafood) Markets, Including Freezer Provisioners (seafood) 44523 Fruit and Vegetable Markets E 5431 Fruit and Vegetable Markets 44529 Other Specialty Food Stores 445291 Baked Goods Stores R *5461 Retail Bakeries (selling only) 445292 Candy, Nut and Confectionery Stores R *5441 Candy, Nut and Confectionery Stores (selling only) 445299 All Other Specialty Food Stores R *5499 Miscellaneous Food Stores (except food supplements) 5451 Dairy Products Stores 4453 Beer, Wine and Liquor Stores 44531 Beer, Wine and Liquor Stores E 5921 Liquor Stores 446 Health and Personal Care Stores 4461 Health and Personal Care Stores 44611 Drug Stores and Pharmacies E 5912 Drug Stores and Proprietary Stores 44612 Cosmetics, Beauty Supplies and Perfume Stores N *5087 Service Establishment Equipment and Supplies (beauty and barber supplies sold via retail method) *5999 Miscellaneous Retail Stores, NEC (cosmetics and perfumes) 44613 Optical Goods Stores R *5995 Optical Goods Stores (except grinding prescription lenses) 44619 Other Health and Personal Care Stores 446191 Food (Health) Supplement Stores N *5499 Miscellaneous Food Stores (food supplements) 46199 All Other Health and Personal Care Stores N *5047 Medical, Dental, and Hospital Equipment and Supplies (sold via retail method) *5999 Miscellaneous Retail Stores, NEC (hearing aids and artificial limbs) 447 Gasoline Stations 4471 Gasoline Stations 44711 Gasoline Stations with Convenience Stores N *5541 Gasoline Service Station (gasoline station with convenience store) *5411 Grocery Stores (convenience store with gas) 44719 Other Gasoline Stations N *5541 Gasoline Service Station (gasoline station without convenience store) 448 Clothing and Accessories Stores 4481 Clothing Stores 44811 Men's Clothing Stores R *5611 Men's and Boys' Clothing and Accessory Stores (clothing stores) 44812 Women's Clothing Stores E 5621 Women's Clothing Stores 44813 Children's and Infants' Clothing Stores E 5641 Children's and Infants' Wear Stores 44814 Family Clothing Stores E 5651 Family Clothing Stores 44819 Other Clothing Stores R *5632 Women's Accessory and Specialty Stores (specialty clothing) *5699 Miscellaneous Apparel and Accessory Stores (miscellaneous apparel) 4482 Jewelry and Accessories Stores 44821 Jewelry Stores R *5999 Miscellaneous Retailer, NEC (rough gems) 5944 Jewelry Stores 44822 Luggage and Leather Goods Stores E 5948 Luggage and Leather Goods Stores 44823 Accessories Stores N *5611 Men's and Boys' Clothing and Accessory Stores (accessories) *5632 Women's Accessory and Specialty Stores (accessories) *5699 Miscellaneous Apparel and Accessory Stores (accessories) 4483 Shoe Stores 44831 Shoe Stores E 5661 Shoe Stores 451 Sports, Hobby, Book and Music Stores 4511 Sports, Hobby and Music Stores 45111 Sporting Goods Stores R *7699 Repair Shops and Related Services, NEC (bicycle sales locations providing supporting repair services as major source of receipts) 5941 Sporting Goods Stores and Bicycle Shops 45112 Hobby, Toy and Game Stores E 5945 Hobby, Toy, and Game Stores 45113 Sewing, Needlework and Piece Goods Stores R *5714 Drapery, Curtain, and Upholstery Stores (upholstery materials) 5949 Sewing, Needlework, and Piece Goods Stores 45114 Musical Instrument and Supply Stores E 5736 Musical Instruments Stores 4512 Books, Periodicals and Music Stores 45121 Book Stores and News Dealers 451211 Book Stores E 5942 Book Stores 451212 News Dealers and Newsstands E 5994 News Dealers and Newsstands 45122 Prerecorded Tape, Compact Disk and Record Stores E 5735 Record and Prerecorded Tape Stores 452 General Merchandise Stores 4521 Department Stores 45211 Department Stores E 5311 Department Stores 4522 Other General Merchandise Stores 45221 Warehouse Clubs and Other General Merchandise Stores with Food N *5399 Miscellaneous General Merchandise Stores (warehouse clubs and supermarket/general merchandise combination) *5411 Grocery Stores (grocery stores and supermarkets selling substantial amounts of nonfood items) 45229 All Other General Merchandise Stores R *5399 Miscellaneous General Merchandise Stores (except warehouse club and supermarket/general merchandise combination) 5331 Variety Stores 453 Miscellaneous Store Retailers 4531 Florists 45311 Florists E 5992 Florists 4532 Office Supply and Stationery and Gift Stores 45321 Office Supply and Stationery Stores R *5049 Professional Equipment and Supplies, NEC (school and church supplies sold via retail method) *5112 Stationery and Office Supplies (sold via retail method) 5943 Stationery Stores 45322 Gift, Novelty and Souvenir Stores E 5947 Gift, Novelty, and Souvenir Shops 4533 Used Merchandise Stores 45331 Used Merchandise Stores R *5932 Used Merchandise Stores (except pawn shops) 4539 Other Miscellaneous Store Retailers 45391 Pet and Pet Supply Stores N *5999 Miscellaneous Retail Stores, NEC (pet and pet supplies) 45392 Art Dealers N *5999 Miscellaneous Retail Stores, NEC (art dealer) 45393 Manufactured (Mobile) Home Dealers E 5271 Mobile Home Dealers 45399 All Other Miscellaneous Store Retailers 453991 Tobacco Stores E 5993 Tobacco Stores and Stands 453999 All Other Miscellaneous Store Retailers R *5999 Miscellaneous Retail Stores, NEC (except art, pet and pet supplies, hearing aids, artificial limbs, cosmetics, live Christmas trees, telephones, typewriters, personal appliances and rough gems) *5261 Retail Nurseries, Lawn and Garden Supply Stores (cut Christmas trees) 454 Nonstore Retailers 45411 Electronic Shopping and Mail-Order Houses 45411 Electronic Shopping and Mail-Order Houses E 5961 Catalog and Mail-Order Houses 4542 Vending Machine Operators 45421 Vending Machine Operators E 5962 Automatic Merchandise Machine Operators 4543 Direct Selling Establishments 45431 Fuel Dealers 454311 Heating Oil Dealers R *5171 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals (heating oil sold to final consumer) 5983 Fuel Oil Dealers 454312 Liquefied Petroleum Gas (Bottled Gas) Dealers R *5171 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals (LP gas sold to final consumer) 5984 Liquefied Petroleum Gas (Bottled Gas) Dealers 454319 Other Fuel Dealers E 5989 Fuel Dealers, NEC 45439 Other Direct Selling Establishments R *5421 Meat and Fish (Seafood) Markets, Including Freezer Provisioners (freezer provisioners) *5963 Direct Selling Establishments (except mobile food services) TABLE 2 The abbreviation "pt" means "part of", @ means time series break has been created that is greater than 3% of the 1992 revenue for the 1987 SIC industry. The abbreviation NEC is use for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1987 SIC code 1987 SIC Description 1997 U.S. Description 5013 Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts Sold Via Retail Method Automotive Parts and Supplies Stores (pt) Sold Via Wholesale Method Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts (pt) 5014 Tires and Tubes Sold Via Retail Method. Tire Dealers (pt) Sold Via Wholesale Method Tires and Tubes 5021 Furniture Sold Via Retail Method Furniture Stores (pt) Sold Via Wholesale Method Furniture 5023 Home Furnishings Sold Via Retail Method Floor Covering Stores (pt) Sold Via Wholesale Method Homefurnishings (pt) 5031 Lumber, Plywood, Millwork and Wood Panels Sold Via Retail Method Other Building Materials Dealers (pt) Sold Via Wholesale Method Lumber, Plywood, Millwork, and Wood Panels (pt) 5032 Brick, Stone and Related Construction Materials Sold Via Retail Method Other Building Materials Dealers (pt) Sold Via Wholesale Method Brick, Stone and Related Construction Materials 5039 Construction Materials, NEC Sold Via Retail Method Other Building Materials Dealers (pt) Sold Via Wholesale Method Other Construction Materials 5045 Computers and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Sold Via Retail Method Computer and Software Stores (pt) Sold Via Wholesale Method Computers and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software 5047 Medical, Dental and Hospital Equipment Sold Via Retail Method All Other Health and Personal Care Stores (pt) - (Retail Sold Via Wholesale Method Medical, Dental and Hospital Equipment and Supplies - Wholesale 5049 Professional Equipment and Supplies, NEC Religious and School Supplies Sold Via Retail Method Office Supply and Stationery Stores (pt) Sold Via Wholesale Method Other Professional Equipment and Supplies 5063 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment Wiring Supplies and Construction Materials Sold Via Retail Method Other Building Materials (pt) Sold Via Wholesale Method Electrical Apparatus and Equipment Wiring Supplies and Construction Materials 5074 Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies (Hydronics) Sold Via Retail Method Other Building Materials (pt) Sold Via Wholesale Method Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies 5083 Farm and Garden Machinery and Equipment Garden and Lawn Equipment Sold Via Retail Method Outdoor Power Equipment Stores (pt) Sold Via Wholesale Method Farm and Garden Machinery and Equipment 5087 Service Establishment Equipment and Supplies Sold Via Retail Method Cosmetics, Beauty Supplies and Perfume Stores (pt) Sold Via Wholesale Method Service Establishment Equipment and Supplies 5112 Stationery and Office Supplies Sold Via Retail Method Office Supply and Stationery Stores (pt) Sold Via Wholesale Method Stationery and Office Supplies 5171 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals Heating Oil Sold Via Retail Method Heating Oil Dealers (pt) LP Gas Sold Via Retail Method Liquefied Petroleum Gas (Bottled Gas) Dealers (pt) All Other Petroleum and Bulk Stations and Terminals Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals 5191 Farm Supplies Lawn and Garden Supplies Sold Via Retail Method Nursery and Garden Centers (pt) Except Lawn and Garden Supplies Sold Via Retail Method Farm Supplies 5193 Flowers, Nursery Stock, and Florists' Supplies Sold Via Retail Method Nursery and Garden Centers (pt) Sold Via Wholesale Method Flowers, Nursery Stock and Florists' Supplies 5198 Paints, Varnishes, and Supplies Sold Via Retail Method Paint and Wallpaper Stores (pt) Sold Via Wholesale Method Paints, Varnishes and Supplies 5211 Lumber and Other Building Materials Dealers Sold Via Wholesale Method Lumber, Plywood, Millwork and Wood Panels - Wholesale (pt) Sold Via Retail Method, Except Home Centers and Glass Other Building Materials Dealers (pt) Home Centers Home Centers 5231 Paint, Glass, and Wallpaper Stores Paint and Wallpaper Sold Via Wholesale Method Paint, Varnishes and Supplies - Wholesale (pt) Glass Stores Other Building Materials Dealers (pt) Paint and Wallpaper Sold Via Retail Method Paint and Wallpaper Stores (pt) 5251 Hardware Stores Hardware Stores 5261 Retail Nurseries, Lawn and Garden Supply Stores Except Cut Christmas Trees Nursery and Garden Centers (pt) Cut Christmas Trees All Other Miscellaneous Store Retailers (pt) Outdoor Power Equipment Stores Outdoor Power Equipment Stores 5271 Mobile Home Dealers Manufactured (Mobile) Home Dealers 5311 Department Stores Department Stores 5331 Variety Stores All Other General Merchandise Stores (pt) 5399 Miscellaneous General Merchandise Stores Warehouse Clubs and General Merchandise Combination Stores Warehouse Clubs and Other General Merchandise Stores with Food All Other General Merchandise Stores All Other General Merchandise Stores (pt) 5411 Grocery Stores Convenience Stores with Gas Gasoline Stations with Convenience Stores (pt) Supermarkets and Grocery Stores with Little General Merchandise Supermarkets and Grocery Stores Supermarkets and Grocery Stores with Substantial General Merchandise Warehouse Clubs and Other General Merchandise Stores with Food Convenience Stores Convenience Stores 5421 Meat and Fish (Seafood) Markets, Including Freezer Provisioners Freezer Provisioners Other Direct Selling Establishments (pt) Meat Markets Meat Markets Fish and Seafood Markets Fish and Seafood Markets 5431 Fruit and Vegetable Markets Fruit and Vegetable Markets 5441 Candy, Nut, and Confectionery Stores Candy Makers that Sell at Same Location Confectionery Manufacturing from Purchased Chocolate (pt) Candy Makers that Sell at Same Location Non-Chocolate Confectionery Manufacturing (pt) Sales Only Candy, Nut, and Confectionery Stores 5451 Dairy Products Stores All Other Specialty Food Stores (pt) 5461 Retail Bakeries Doughnut Shops, Pretzel Shops, Cookie Shops, Bagel Shops, and Other Such Shops that Make and Sell For Immediate Consumption. Refreshment Places (pt) Bakeries that Make and Sell at the Same Location. Retail Bakeries Sales Only of All Other Baked Goods Baked Goods Stores 5499 Miscellaneous Food Stores Poultry and Poultry Products Meat Markets (pt) Coffee Shops Making and Serving Food and Beverages for Immediate Consumption Limited-Service Restaurants (pt) Food Supplement Stores Food (Health) Supplement Stores All Other Miscellaneous Food Stores All Other Specialty Food Stores (pt) 5511 Motor Vehicle Dealers (New and Used) New Car Dealers 5521 Motor Vehicle Dealers (Used Only) Used Car Dealers 5531 Auto and Home Supply Stores Tire Dealers Tire Dealers All Other Auto and Home Supply Stores Automotive Parts and Supplies Stores (pt) 5541 Gasoline Service Stations Convenience Store with Gas Gasoline Stations with Convenience Store (pt) Except with Convenience Stores Other Gasoline Stations 5551 Boat Dealers Boat Dealers 5561 Recreational Vehicle Dealers Recreational Vehicle Dealers 5571 Motorcycle Dealers Motorcycle Dealers 5599 Automotive Dealers, NEC All Other Motor Vehicle Dealers 5611 Men's and Boys' Clothing and Accessory Stores Men's Clothing Stores Men's Clothing Stores Men's Accessory Stores Accessories Stores (pt) 5621 Women's Clothing Stores Women's Clothing Stores 5632 Women's Accessory and Specialty Stores Specialty stores Other Clothing Stores (pt) Accessory stores Accessories Stores (pt) 5641 Children's and Infants' Wear Stores Children's and Infants' Clothing Stores 5651 Family Clothing Stores Family Clothing Stores 5661 Shoe Stores Shoe Stores 5699 Miscellaneous Apparel and Accessory Stores Custom Tailors and Seamstresses Included in Apparel Manufacturing subsector based on type of garment produced Miscellaneous Apparel Other Clothing Stores (pt) Miscellaneous Accessories Accessories Stores (pt) 5712 Furniture Stores Custom Made Furniture, Except Cabinets Wood Household Furniture Manufacturing, Except Upholstered (pt) Custom Wood Cabinets Wood Kitchen Cabinet Manufacturing (pt) Upholstered Custom Made Furniture Upholstered Wood Household Furniture Manufacturing (pt) Except Custom Cabinet and Furniture Builders Furniture Stores 5713 Floor Covering Stores Floor Covering Stores (pt) 5714 Drapery, Curtain and Upholstery Stores Drapery and Curtain Stores Window Treatment Stores (pt) Upholstery Stores Sewing, Needlework and Piece Goods Stores (pt) Custom Drapes Curtain and Drapery Mills (pt) 5719 Miscellaneous Homefurnishings Stores Blinds and Shades Window Treatment Stores Pottery and Crafts Made and Sold on Site Included in Manufacturing sector based on article produced Except Blinds, Shades, and Pottery and Crafts Made and Sold on Site All Other Home Furnishings Stores 5722 Household Appliance Stores Household Appliance Stores 5731 Radio, Television, and Consumer Electronics Stores Except Auto Radio Stores Radio, Television, and Other Electronics Stores Auto Radio Stores Automotive Parts and Supplies Stores (pt) 5734 Computer and Computer Software Stores Computer and Software Stores 5735 Record and Prerecorded Tape Stores Prerecorded Tape, Compact Disk and Record Stores 5736 Musical Instrument Stores Musical Instrument and Supply Stores 5912 Drug Stores and Proprietary Stores Drug Stores and Pharmacies 5921 Liquor Stores Beer, Wine and Liquor Stores 5932 Used Merchandise Stores Pawn Shops All Other Non-Depository Credit Intermediation (pt) Except Pawn Shops Used Merchandise Stores 5941 Sporting Goods Stores and Bicycle Shops Sporting Goods Stores (pt) 5942 Book Stores Book Stores 5943 Stationery Stores Office Supply and Stationery Stores (pt) 5944 Jewelry Stores Jewelry Stores 5945 Hobby, Toy and Game Shops Hobby, Toy and Game Stores 5946 Camera and Photographic Supply Stores Camera and Photographic Supply Stores 5947 Gift, Novelty, and Souvenir Shops Gift, Novelty and Souvenir Stores 5948 Luggage and Leather Goods Stores Luggage and Leather Goods Stores 5949 Sewing, Needlework, and Piece Goods Stores Sewing, Needlework and Piece Goods Stores (pt) 5961 Catalog and Mail-Order Houses Electronic Shopping and Mail-Order Houses 5962 Automatic Merchandising Machine Operator Vending Machine Operators 5963 Direct Selling Establishments Mobile Food Service Mobile Caterers All Other Direct Selling Establishments Other Direct Selling Establishments (pt) 5983 Fuel Oil Dealers Heating Oil Dealers (pt) 5984 Liquefied Petroleum Gas (Bottled Gas) Dealers Liquefied Petroleum Gas (Bottled Gas) Dealers (pt) 5989 Fuel Dealers, NEC Other Fuel Dealers 5992 Florists Florists 5993 Tobacco Stores and Stands Tobacco Stores 5994 News Dealers and Newsstands News Dealers and Newsstands 5995 Optical Goods Stores Optical Stores Grinding Prescription Lenses, except 1-Hour Labs Eyeglass and Contact Lens Manufacturing (pt) Except Optical Laboratories Grinding Prescription Lenses Optical Goods Stores 5999 Miscellaneous Retail Stores, NEC Cosmetic Stores Cosmetics, Beauty Supplies and Perfume Stores (pt) Hearing Aid and Artificial Limb Stores All Other Health and Personal Care Stores (pt) Pets and Pet Supply Stores Pet and Pet Supply Stores Art Dealers Art Dealers Personal Appliance Stores Household Appliance Stores (pt Telephone and Typewriter Stores Radio, Television and Other Electronics Stores (pt.) Rough Gem Stores Jewelry Stores (pt) Other Miscellaneous Retail Stores All Other Miscellaneous Store Retailers (pt) 7378 Computer Maintenance and Repair Sales Locations Providing Supporting Repair Services as Major Source of Revenue Computer and Software Stores (pt) All Other Repair and Maintenance Computer and Office Machine Repair and Maintenance (pt) 7622 Radio and Television Repair Shops Radio and TV Sales Locations Providing Supporting Repair Services as Major Source of Revenue Radio, Television and Other Electronics Stores (pt.) Stereo, TV, VCR and Radio Repair Consumer Electronics Repair and Maintenance (pt) Telecommunication Equipment Repair Communication Equipment Repair and Maintenance (pt) 7623 Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Services and Repair Shops Refrigerator and A/C Sales Locations Providing Supporting Repair Service as Major Source of Revenue Household Appliance Stores (pt.) Commercial Refrigerator Equipment Repair Other Industrial Machinery and Equipment Repair and Maintenance (pt) Except Commercial Appliance Repair and Maintenance (pt) 7629 Electrical and Electronic Repair Shops, NEC Appliance Sales Locations Providing Supporting Repair Services as Major Source of Revenue Household Appliance Stores (pt.) All Other Repair and Maintenance Included in Repair and Maintenance subsector 7699 Repair Shops and Related Services, NEC Bicycle Sales Locations Providing Supporting Repair Services as Major Source of Revenue Sporting Goods Stores (pt.) All Other Repair and Maintenance Included in Repair and Maintenance subsector Description of Changes to the U.S. System Seventeen new industries have been added to the Retail Trade sector. These new industries are the following: Automotive Parts and Supplies Stores from part of 1987 SIC 5013, Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts; part of 1987 SIC 5731, Radio, Television and Consumer Electronics Stores; and part of 1987 SIC 5531, Auto and Home Supply Stores. Tire Dealers from part of 1987 SIC 5014, Tires and Tubes, and part of 1987 SIC 5531, Auto and Home Supply Stores. These changes were made to incorporate the revised boundaries of retail/wholesale and improve comparability with Canada. Window Treatment Stores from part of 1987 SIC 5714, Drapery, Curtain, and Upholstery Stores, and 1987 SIC 5719, Miscellaneous Home Furnishings Stores, to recognize a growing and unique type of store. Home Centers from part of 1987 SIC 5211, Lumber and Other Building Materials Dealers. Home Centers are identified separately based on the equipment and personnel expertise required to sell both lumber and the related products included in this classification. Outdoor Power Equipment Stores from part of 1987 SIC 5083, Farm and Garden Machinery and Equipment, and part of 1987 SIC 5261, Retail Nurseries, Lawn and Garden Supply Stores. Outdoor power equipment stores provide trained staff to sell and service power equipment while nursery and garden centers employ staff that are knowledgeable about plants. These stores also have the equipment necessary to maintain a stock of living plants, etc. Supermarkets and Grocery Stores from part of 1987 SIC 5411, Grocery Stores. Convenience Stores from part of 1987 SIC 5411, Grocery Stores. Fish and Seafood Markets from part of 1987 SIC 5421, Meat and Fish (Seafood) Markets, Including Freezer Provisioners. These three new industries employ distinct production processes. Cosmetics, Beauty Supplies and Perfume Stores from part of 1987 SIC 5087, Service Establishment Equipment and Supplies, and part of 1987 SIC 5999, Miscellaneous Retail Stores, Not Elsewhere Classified. These types of stores are growing in number and are more like each other than the stores in the industries in which they were formerly classified. Food (Health) Supplement Stores from part of 1987 SIC 5499, Miscellaneous Food Stores. All Other Health and Personal Care Stores from part of 1987 SIC 5047, Medical, Dental and Hospital Equipment and Supplies, and part of 1987 SIC 5999, Miscellaneous Retail Stores, Not Elsewhere Classified. These are distinct types of stores and also reduce the size of the miscellaneous category. Gasoline Stations with Convenience Stores from part of 1987 SIC 5541, Gasoline Stations, and part of 1987 SIC 5541, Gasoline Service Stations. Gasoline stations with convenience stores combine the processes of gas stations (requiring special equipment like gas pumps) and convenience stores (requiring food display and refrigeration equipment). Other Gasoline Stations from part of 1987 SIC 5541, Gasoline Stations. These gasoline stations do not have a convenience store. Accessories Stores from part of 1987 SIC 5611, Men's and Boys' Clothing and Accessories Stores; part of 1987 SIC 5632, Women's Accessory and Specialty Stores; and part of 1987 SIC 5699, Miscellaneous Apparel and Accessory Stores. Warehouse Clubs and Other General Merchandise Stores from part of 1987 SIC 5399, Miscellaneous General Merchandise Stores and part of 1987 SIC 5411, Grocery Stores. These stores are separated based on the equipment and personnel required to handle a wide variety of products. Pet and Pet Supply Stores from part of 1987 SIC 5999, Miscellaneous Retail Stores, Not Elsewhere Classified. Art Dealers from part of 1987 SIC 5999, Miscellaneous Retail Stores. The number of industries in this industry sector increased from 64 in 1987 to 72 in 1997. For time series linkage, 44 of the 64 industries are comparable within three percent of the 1997 industries. For five other industries, changes involve splitting a part of 1987 industries to obtain more industry detail in response to new economic developments in this sector. For these industries, the new, more detailed industries can readily be reaggregated for analytical purposes where time series comparability is important. Wholesale: For Wholesale Trade, the ECPC is proposing only those changes necessary to define the boundaries of Wholesale Trade agreed upon with Canada and Mexico. Rather, the ECPC proposes to undertake a thorough review of the wholesale sector, in cooperation with its North American partners, within the next five years that may result in a complete restructuring of the wholesale sector in the next revision. That review will focus on the different types of wholesalers that undertake different activities and provide different services. For example, some wholesalers may be directly associated with a manufacturer, such as a manufacturer's sales branches. Manufacturer's sales branches promote and sell a particular manufacturers' product to a wide range of other wholesalers or retailers. Other wholesalers may be connected to a retail chain or a limited number of retail chains and only provide a variety of products needed by that particular retail operation(s). Still other wholesalers may take title to goods and provide a wide range of products to a wide range of retailers. Some analysts have suggested that these types of distinctions, based on activities and services provided, should be made in the industry classification system rather than the product distinction that is imbedded in the current system. Therefore, to avoid disrupting time series, the ECPC proposes to make no changes for 1997 except those needed for clarification of the boundaries of wholesale trade. Proposals to restructure the wholesale sector may be made in the next revision based on the study to be undertaken. This delay also will allow the U.S. to consult more thoroughly with its North American partners and design a system that provides for more comparability with Canada and Mexico. The proposed structure for Wholesale Trade for 1997 is shown in Table 1. Table 1 The definitions of status codes are as follows: E-existing industry; N-new industry; R-revised industry; and * means "part of". The abbreviation NEC is used for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1997 NAICS and U.S. description Status Code 1987 SIC Code 1987 SIC description 431 Wholesale Trade, Durable Goods 4311 Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicle Parts and Supplies 43111 Automobiles and Other Motor Vehicles E 5012 Automobiles and Other Motor Vehicles 43112 Motor Vehicles Supplies and New Parts R *5013 Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts (except parts sold via retail methods) 43113 Tires and Tubes R *5014 Tires and Tubes (except tires sold via retail method) 43114 Motor Vehicle Parts, Used E 5015 Motor Vehicle Parts, Used 4312 Furniture and Home Furnishings 43121 Furniture R *5021 Furniture (except furniture sold via retail method) 43122 Home Furnishings R *5023 Homefurnishings (except homefurnishings sold via retail method) 4313 Lumber and Other Construction Materials 43131 Lumber, Plywood, Millwork and Wood Panels R *5031 Lumber, Plywood, Millwork, and Wood Panels (except construction materials sold via retail method) 5211 Lumber and Other Building Materials Dealers - Retail (construction materials sold by establishments "known as retail in the trade" selling via wholesale method) 43132 Brick, Stone and Related Construction Materials R *5032 Brick, Stone, and Related Construction Materials (except construction materials sold via retail method) 43133 Roofing, Siding and Insulation Materials E 5033 Roofing, Siding, and Insulation Materials 43139 Other Construction Materials R *5039 Construction Materials, NEC (sold via wholesale method) 4314 Professional and Commercial Equipment and Supplies 43141 Photographic Equipment and Supplies E 5043 Photographic Equipment and Supplies 43142 Office Equipment E 5044 Office Equipment 43143 Computers and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software R *5045 Computers and Computer Peripherals Equipment and Software (except computers, equipment, and software sold via retail method) 43144 Other Commercial Equipment E 5046 Commercial Equipment, NEC 43145 Medical, Dental and Hospital Equipment and Supplies R *5047 Medical, Dental and Hospital Equipment and Supplies (except medical, dental, and hospital equipment and supplies sold via retail method) 43146 Ophthalmic Goods E 5048 Ophthalmic Goods 41349 Other Professional Equipment and Supplies R *5049 Professional Equipment and Supplies, NEC (except religious and school supplies sold via retail method) 4315 Metals and Minerals, Except Petroleum 43151 Metals Service Centers and Offices E 5051 Metals Service Centers and Offices 43152 Coal and Other Minerals and Ores E 5052 Coal and Other Mineral and Ores 4316 Electrical Goods 43161 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies and Construction Materials R *5063 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies and Construction Materials (except electrical supplies sold via retail method) 43162 Electrical Appliances, Television and Radio Sets E 5064 Electrical Appliances, Television and Radio Sets 43169 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment E 5065 Electronic Parts and Equipment, NEC 4317 Hardware, and Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies. 43171 Hardware E 5072 Hardware 43172 Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies (Hydronics) R *5074 Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies (Hydronics) (except plumbing equipment sold via retail method) 43173 Warm Air Heating and Air-Conditioning Equipment and Supplies E 5075 Warm Air Heating and Air-Conditioning Equipment and Supplies 43174 Refrigeration Equipment and Supplies E 5078 Refrigeration Equipment and Supplies 4318 Machinery, Equipment and Supplies 43181 Construction and Mining (Except Petroleum) Machinery and Equipment E 5082 Construction and Mining (Except Petroleum) Machinery and Equipment 43182 Farm and Garden Machinery and Equipment R *5083 Farm and Garden Machinery and Equipment (except lawn and garden equipment sold via retail method) 43183 Industrial Machinery and Equipment R 5084 Industrial Machinery and Equipment *5085 Industrial Supplies (fluid power accessories) 43184 Industrial Supplies R *5085 Industrial Supplies (except fluid power accessories and reconditioning barrels) 43185 Service Establishment Equipment and Supplies R *5087 Service Establishment Equipment and Supplies (except sales of the service establishment equipment and supplies sold via retail method. 43186 Transportation Equipment and Supplies, Except Motor Vehicles E 5088 Transportation Equipment and Supplies, Except Motor Vehicles 4319 Miscellaneous Durable Goods 43191 Sporting and Recreational Goods and Supplies E 5091 Sporting and Recreational Goods and Supplies 43192 Toys and Hobby Goods and Supplies E 5092 Toys and Hobby Goods and Supplies 43193 Recyclable Materials E 5093 Scrap and Waste Materials 43194 Jewelry, Watches, Precious Stones and Precious Metals E 5094 Jewelry, Watches, Precious Stones, and Precious Metals 43199 Other Miscellaneous Nondurable Goods R 5099 Durable Goods, NEC 7822 Motion Picture and Video Tape Distribution (prerecorded video tapes - distribution) 432 Wholesale Trade Nondurable Goods 4321 Paper and Paper Products 43211 Printing and Writing Paper E 5111 Printing and Writing Paper 43212 Stationary and Office Supplies R *5112 Stationery and Office Supplies (except stationary and office supplies sold via retail method) 43213 Industrial and Personal Service Paper E 5113 Industrial and Personal Service Paper 4322 Drugs, Drug Proprietaries and Druggists' Sundries 43221 Drugs, Drug Proprietaries and Druggists' Sundries E 5122 Drugs, Drug Proprietaries, and Druggists' Sundries 4323 Apparel, Piece Goods, and Notions 43231 Piece Goods, Notions and Other Dry Goods R *5131 Piece Goods, Notions, and Other Dry Goods (except piece goods converters) 43232 Men's and Boys' Clothing and Furnishings E 5136 Men's and Boys' Clothing and Furnishings 43233 Women's, Children's, and Infants' and Accessories E 5137 Women's, Children's, and Infants' Clothing and Accessories 43234 Footwear E 5139 Footwear 4324 Groceries and Related Products 43241 Groceries, General Line E 5141 Groceries, General Line 43242 Packaged Frozen Foods E 5142 Packaged Frozen Foods 43243 Dairy Products, Except Dried or Canned E 5143 Dairy Products, Except Dried or Canned 43244 Poultry and Poultry Products E 5144 Poultry and Poultry Products 43245 Confectionery E 5145 Confectionery 43246 Fish and Seafoods E 5146 Fish and Seafoods 43247 Meats and Meat Products R *5147 Meats and Meat Products (except boxed beef) 43248 Fresh Fruits and Vegetables E 5148 Fresh Fruits and Vegetables 43249 Other Groceries and Related Products E 5149 Groceries and Related Products, NEC 4325 Farm Product Raw Materials 43251 Grain and Field Beans E 5153 Grain and Field Beans 43252 Livestock E 5154 Livestock 43259 Other Farm Product Raw Materials E 5159 Farm-Product Raw Materials, NEC 4326 Chemicals and Allied Products 43261 Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes E 5162 Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes 43269 Other Chemicals and Allied Products E 5169 Chemicals and Allied Products, NEC 4327 Petroleum and Petroleum Products 43271 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals R *5171 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals (except petroleum sold via retail method) 43272 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Wholesalers, Except Bulk Stations and Terminals E 5172 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Wholesalers, Except Bulk Stations and Terminals 4328 Beer, Wine, and Distilled Alcoholic Beverages 43281 Beer and Ale E 5181 Beer and Ale 43282 Wine and Distilled Alcoholic Beverages E 5182 Wine and Distilled Alcoholic Beverages 4329 Miscellaneous Nondurable Goods 43291 Farm Supplies R *5191 Farm Supplies (except lawn and garden supplies sold via retail method) 43292 Books, Periodicals and Newspapers E 5192 Books, Periodicals, and Newspapers 43293 Flowers, Nursery Stock and Florists' Supplies E *5193 Flowers, Nursery Stock, and Florists' Supplies (except nursery stock sold via retail method) 43294 Tobacco and Tobacco Products E 5194 Tobacco and Tobacco Products 43295 Paints, Varnishes and Supplies R *5198 Paints, Varnishes, and Supplies (except paints, etc. sold via retail method) *5231 Paint, Glass and Wallpaper Stores (sold via wholesale method) 43299 Other Miscellaneous Nondurable Goods R *5199 Nondurable Goods, NEC (except specialty advertising) TABLE 2 The abbreviation "pt" means part of and @ means time series break has been created that is greater than 3% of the 1992 revenues for the 1987 SIC industry. The abbreviation NEC is used for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1987 SIC code 1987 SIC description 1997 U.S. description 5012 Automobiles and Other Motor Vehicles Automobiles and Other Motor Vehicles 5013 Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts Sold Via Retail Method Automotive Parts and Supplies Stores (pt) - Retail Sold Via Wholesale Method Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts (pt) - Wholesale 5014 Tires and Tubes Sold Via Retail Method Tire Dealers (pt.) - Retail Sold Via Wholesale Method Tires and Tubes - Wholesale 5015 Motor Vehicle Parts, Used Motor Vehicle Parts, Used 5021 Furniture Sold Via Retail Method Furniture Stores (pt) - Retail Sold Via Wholesale Method Furniture - Wholesale 5023 Home Furnishings Sold Via Retail Method Floor Covering Stores (pt.) - Retail Sold Via Wholesale Method Homefurnishings 5031 Lumber, Plywood, Millwork, and Wood Panels Sold Via Retail Method Other Building Materials Dealers (pt.)- Retail Sold Via Wholesale Method Lumber, Plywood, Millwork and Wood Panels (pt) - Wholesale 5032 Brick, Stone, and Related Construction Materials Sold Via Wholesale Method Brick, Stone, and Related Construction Materials - Wholesale Sold Via Retail Method Other Building Materials Dealers (pt.) - Retail 5033 Roofing, Siding, and Insulation Materials Roofing, Siding, and Insulation Materials 5039 Construction Materials, NEC Sold Via Retail Method Other Building Materials Dealers - Retail Sold Via Wholesale Method Other Construction Materials 5043 Photographic Equipment and Supplies Photographic Equipment and Supplies 5044 Office Equipment Office Equipment 5045 Computers and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Sold Via Wholesale Method Computers and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Sold Via Retail Method Computer and Software Stores (pt) - Retail 5046 Commercial Equipment, NEC Other Commercial Equipment 5047 Medical, Dental, and Hospital Equipment and Supplies Sold Via Wholesale Method Medical, Dental and Hospital Equipment and Supplies - Wholesale Sold Via Retail Method All Other Health and Personal Care Stores (pt) - (Retail) 5048 Ophthalmic Goods Ophthalmic Goods 5049 Professional Equipment and Supplies, NEC Sold Via Wholesale Method Other Professional Equipment and Supplies Religious and School Supplies Sold Via Retail Method Office Supply and Stationery Stores (pt) - Retail 5051 Metals Service Centers and Offices Metals Service Centers and Offices 5052 Coal and Other Minerals and Ores Coal and Other Minerals and Ores 5063 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Construction Materials Sold Via Wholesale Method Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Construction Materials Sold Via Retail Method Other Building Materials (pt) - Retail 5064 Electrical Appliances, Television and Radio Sets Electrical Appliances, Television and Radio Sets 5065 Electronic Parts and Equipment, NEC Other Electronic Parts and Equipment 5072 Hardware Hardware 5074 Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies (Hydronics) Sold Via Wholesale Method Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies (Hydronics) - Wholesale Sold Via Retail Method Other Building Materials Dealers (pt) - Retail 5075 Warm Air Heating and Air-Conditioning Equipment and Supplies Warm Air Heating and Air-Conditioning Equipment and Supplies 5078 Refrigeration Equipment and Supplies Refrigeration Equipment and Supplies 5082 Construction and Mining (Except Petroleum) Machinery and Equipment Construction and Mining (Except Petroleum) Machinery and Equipment 5083 Farm and Garden Machinery and Equipment Sold Via Wholesale Method Farm and Garden Machinery and Equipment - Wholesale Sold Via Retail Method Outdoor Power Equipment Stores (pt) - Retail 5084 Industrial Machinery and Equipment Industrial Machinery and Equipment 5085 Industrial Supplies Fluid Power Accessories Industrial Machinery and Equipment (pt) Reconditioning Barrels and Drums Other Metal Container Manufacturing Except Fluid Power Accessories and Reconditioning Barrels and Drums Industrial Supplies 5087 Service Establishment Equipment and Supplies Sold Via Wholesale Method Service Establishment Equipment and Supplies Sold Via Retail Method Cosmetics, Beauty Supplies, and Perfume Stores (pt) - (Retail) 5088 Transportation Equipment and Supplies, Except Motor Vehicles Transportation Equipment and Supplies, Except Motor Vehicles 5091 Sporting and Recreational Goods and Supplies Sporting and Recreational Goods and Supplies 5092 Toys and Hobby Goods and Supplies Toys and Hobby Goods and Supplies 5093 Scrap and Waste Materials Recyclable Materials 5094 Jewelry, Watches, Precious Stones, and Precious Metals Jewelry, Watches, Precious Stones, and Precious Metals 5099 Durable Goods, NEC Other Miscellaneous Durable Goods (pt) 5111 Printing and Writing Paper Printing and Writing Paper 5112 Stationery and Office Supplies Sold Via Wholesale Method Stationery and Office Supplies Sold Via Retail Method Office Supply and Stationery Stores (pt) - Retail 5113 Industrial and Personal Service Paper Industrial and Personal Service Paper 5122 Drugs, Drug Proprietaries, and Druggists' Sundries Drugs, Drug Proprietaries, and Druggists' Sundries 5131 Piece Goods, Notions, and Other Dry Goods Except Converters Piece Goods, Notions, and Other Dry Goods Piece Good Converters, Broadwoven Fabrics Broadwoven Fabric Finishing Mills (pt) Piece Good Converters, Except Broadwoven Fabrics Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills, Except Broadwoven Fabrics (pt) 5136 Men's and Boys' Clothing and Furnishings Men's and Boys' Clothing and Furnishings 5137 Women's, Children's, and Infants' Clothing and Accessories Women's, Children's, and Infants' Clothing and Accessories 5139 Footwear Footwear 5141 Groceries, General Line Groceries, General Line 5142 Packaged Frozen Foods Packaged Frozen Foods 5143 Dairy Products, Except Dried or Canned Dairy Products, Except Dried or Canned 5144 Poultry and Poultry Products Poultry and Poultry Products 5145 Confectionery Confectionery 5146 Fish and Seafoods Fish and Seafoods 5147 Meats and Meat Products Boxed Beef Meat Processed from Carcasses (pt) Except Boxed Beef Meats and Meat Products 5148 Fresh Fruits and Vegetables Fresh Fruits and Vegetables 5149 Groceries and Related Products, NEC Other Groceries and Related Products 5153 Grain and Field Beans Grain and Field Beans 5154 Livestock Livestock 5159 Farm-Product Raw Materials, NEC Other Farm-Product Raw Materials 5162 Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes 5169 Chemicals and Allied Products, NEC Other Chemicals and Allied Products 5171 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals Heating Oil Sold Via Retail Method Heating Oil Dealers (pt) - Retail LP Gas Sold Via Retail Method Liquefied Petroleum Gas (Bottled Gas) Dealers (pt) - Retail Sold Via Wholesale Method Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals 5172 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Wholesalers, Except Bulk Stations and Terminals Petroleum and Petroleum Products Wholesalers, Except Bulk Stations and Terminals 5181 Beer and Ale Beer and Ale 5182 Wine and Distilled Alcoholic Beverages Wine and Distilled Alcoholic Beverages 5191 Farm Supplies Lawn and Garden Supplies Sold Via Retail Method Nursery and Garden Centers (pt) - Retail Except Lawn and Garden Supplies Sold Via Retail Method Farm Supplies - Wholesale 5192 Books, Periodicals, and Newspapers Books, Periodicals and Newspapers 5193 Flowers, Nursery Stock, and Florists' Supplies Sold Via Wholesale Method Flowers, Nursery Stock and Florists' Supplies Sold Via Retail Method Nursery and Garden Centers (pt) - Retail 5194 Tobacco and Tobacco Products Tobacco and Tobacco Products 5198 Paint, Varnishes, and Supplies Sold Via Wholesale Method Paint, Varnishes and Supplies - Wholesale Sold Via Retail Method Paint and Wallpaper Stores (pt) - (Retail) 5199 Nondurable Goods, NEC Advertising Specialty Goods Distributors Other Services Related to Advertising (pt) Except Specialty Advertising Other Miscellaneous Nondurable Goods - Wholesale 5211 Lumber and Other Building Materials Dealers Home Centers Home Centers Sold Via Retail Method, Except Home Centers and Glass Other Building Materials Dealers - Retail Sold Via Wholesale Method Lumber, Plywood, Millwork, and Wood Panels (pt) - Wholesale 5231 Paint, Glass and Wallpaper Stores Paint and Wallpaper Sold Via Wholesale Method Paint, Varnishes, and Supplies (pt) Glass Stores Other Building Materials Dealer (pt) Paint and Wallpaper Sold Via Retail Method Paint and Wallpaper Stores - Retail 7822 Motion Picture and Video Tape Distribution Prerecorded Video Tapes (Wholesaling of) Other Miscellaneous Nondurable Goods (pt) All Other Motion Picture and Video Distribution Description of Changes to the U.S. System Changes to the Wholesale Trade sector were generally the result of the movement of activities to or from wholesale trade from other sectors in NAICS. Four activities that were in Wholesale Trade in the 1987 SIC are moved to Manufacturing. These activities are reconditioning and sale of drums and barrels, boxed beef processors, and piece goods converters. The sale of reconditioned drums and barrels was included in 1987 SIC 5085, Industrial Supplies. Dealers in boxed beef receive carcasses, cut them up, and then vacuum seal the cuts. These establishments were in 1987 SIC 5147, Meat and Meat Products. Establishments that purchase fabrics in the gray and contract to have the fabric dyed are referred to as piece goods converters. They were in 1987 SIC 5131, Piece Goods, Notions, and Other Dry Goods. Establishments that sell advertising specialties were 1987 SIC 5199, Nondurable Goods, Not Elsewhere Classified. For NAICS, this activity is included in Advertising Services. Establishments engaged in the wholesale distribution of prerecorded video tapes were included in 1987 SIC 7822, Motion Picture and Video Tape Distribution. In NAICS, this activity is included in Wholesale Trade as Other Miscellaneous Durable Goods. In the 1987 SIC, the principal determination of whether an establishment was included in wholesale or retail was whether the goods were sold to business consumers (wholesale) or household consumers (retail). In NAICS, an establishment is included in either retail or wholesale based on its production characteristics (see Agreement 25 published in the May 28, 1996 Federal Register, pp.26642-26644). Thus, establishments that sell goods to business users through retail methods are included in the Retail Trade sector in NAICS. This affects several industries within Wholesale but primarily those establishments selling such items as computers, office supplies, and electrical building materials. Real Estate This draft classification provides for the subsector Real Estate. The Real Estate subsector comprises establishments that rent real estate to others, manage real estate for others, and/or facilitate the sale and/or rental of real estate. The industry group Lessors of Real Estate comprises establishments that own real estate that in turn is leased to others. Rent is the major source of revenue for these establishments. The industries, Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings, Lessors of Nonresidential Buildings, Except Warehouses, Lessors of Miniwarehouses and Self Storage Units, and Lessors of Other Real Estate Property, are based on processes needed for the different types of properties being leased. The industry group Activities Related to Real Estate comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing real estate services, other than those owning and leasing. The industries included in this industry group are the following: Real Estate Property Managers comprises establishments responsible for ensuring that various activities associated with the overall operation of property are performed (property managers do not own the property). Property managers are usually hired by the property owners, and their major source of revenue is fees charged for their management services. The industries, Condominium Management, Cooperative Housing, and Homeowners' Associations, Other Residential Property Managers, and Other Nonresidential Property Managers are distinguished by the types of property managed by the establishment. The industry Offices of Real Estate Agents and Brokers comprises establishments engaged in renting, buying, and selling real property on behalf of others. The establishments usually receive commission as revenue. The staff at these establishments receive special certification and licensing to perform the specific duties. The remaining discrete industries, Offices of Real Estate Appraisers and Title Abstract Offices, use staff who receive specialized training, certification, and licensing to perform the specific duties. TABLE 1 The definitions of status codes are as follows: E-existing industry; N-new industry; R-revised industry; and * means "part of." The abbreviation NEC is used for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1997 NAICS and U.S. description Status Code 1987 SIC Code 1987 USIC description 531 Real Estate 5311 Lessors of Real Estate 53111 Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings R 6513 Operators of Apartment Buildings 6514 Operators of Dwellings Other Than Apartment Buildings 53112 Lessors of Nonresidential Buildings, Except Miniwarehouses E 6512 Operators of Nonresidential Buildings 53113 Lessors of Miniwarehouses and Self Storage Units N *4225 General Warehousing and Storage (miniwarehouses and self-storage units) 53119 Lessors of Other Real Estate Property R 6515 Operators of Residential Mobile Home Sites 6517 Lessors of Railroad Property 6519 Lessors of Real Property, NEC 5312 Activities Related to Real Estate 53121 Real Estate Property Managers 531211 Condominium Management, Cooperative Housing, and Homeowners' Associations N *6531 Real Estate Agents and Managers (condominium and cooperative management) *8641 Civic, Social, and Fraternal Associations (condominium and homeowners associations, except property management) 531212 Other Residential Property Managers N *6531 Real Estate Agents and Managers (managers-residential, real estate) 531213 Other Nonresidential Property Managers N *6531 Real Estate Agents and Managers (managers-nonresidential, real estate) 53122 Offices of Real Estate Agents and Brokers N *6531 Real Estate Agents and Managers (agents and brokers) 53123 Offices of Real Estate Appraisers N *6531 Real Estate Agents and Managers (appraisers) 53129 Other Activities Related to Real Estate 531291 Title Abstract Offices E 6541 Title Abstract Offices 531299 All Other Activities Related to Real Estate N *6531 Real Estate Agents and Managers (except real estate managers, agents and brokers, and appraisers) TABLE 2 The abbreviation "pt" means "part of". @ means time series break has been created that is greater than 3% of the 1992 revenues for the 1987 SIC industry, The abbreviation NEC is used for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1987 SIC code 1987 SIC description 1997 U.S. description 4225 General Warehousing and Storage Miniwarehouses and Self-Storage Units Lessors of Miniwarehouses and Self Storage Units General Warehousing and Storage General Storage Facilities (pt) 6512 Operators of Nonresidential Buildings Stadium and Arena Owners Promoters of Arts, Sports and Similar Events With Facilities (pt) Except Stadium and Arena Owners Lessors of Nonresidential Buildings, Except Miniwarehouses 6513@ Operators of Apartment Buildings Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings (pt) 6514@ Operators of Dwellings Other Than Apartment Buildings Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings (pt) 6515@ Operators of Residential Mobile Home Sites Lessors of Other Real Estate Property (pt) 6517@ Lessors of Railroad Property Lessors of Other Real Estate Property (pt) 6519@ Lessors of Real Property, NEC Lessors of Other Real Estate Property (pt) 6531@ Real Estate Agents and Managers Real Estate Agents and Brokers Offices of Real Estate Agents and Brokers Condominium and Cooperative Managers Condominium Management, Cooperative Housing, and Homeowners' Associations (pt) Residential Property Managers, Except Condominium and Cooperative Other Residential Property Managers Nonresidential Property Managers, Except Condominium and Cooperative Other Nonresidential Property Managers Real Estate Appraisers Offices of Real Estate Appraisers Cemetery Management Cemeteries and Crematories (pt) Other All Other Activities Related to Real Estate 6541 Title Abstract Offices Title Abstract Offices 6552 Land Subdividers and Developers, Except Cemeteries Land Subdivision and Development 6553 Cemetery Subdividers and Developers Cemeteries and Crematories (pt) 8641 Civic, Social, and Fraternal Associations Homeowner and Condominium Associations, Except Property Management Condominium Management, Cooperative Housing, and Homeowners' Associations (pt) With Restaurants and Bars Civic and Social Associations with Restaurants and Bars (pt) Without Restaurants and Bars Civic and Social Associations without Restaurants and Bars (pt) Description of Changes to the U.S. System Seven new industries were created for this subsector as follows: Lessors of Miniwarehouses and Self Storage Units from part of 1987 SIC 4225, General Warehousing and Storage. These establishments collect rent from a person (company) who uses the facility and has access to the space without undue interference or assistance from the facility operator. This activity is more like lessors of real estate than general warehousing and storage. Condominium Management, Cooperative Housing, and Homeowners' Associations from part of 1987 SIC 6531, Real Estate Agents and Managers, and part of 1987 SIC 8641, Civic, Social, and Fraternal Associations. Other Residential Property Managers; Other Nonresidential Property Managers; Offices of Real Estate Agents and Brokers; Offices of Real Estate Appraisers; and All Other Activities Related to Real Estate were each created from part of 1987 SIC 6531, Real Estate Agents and Managers. These five new industries are all significant and can be better represented under the new classification system. On a production orientation basis, each industry is unique. Two industries were moved from the Real Estate subsector. 1987 SIC 6552, Land Subdividers and Developers, was moved to the Construction sector because the production process for this industry is more closely related to the production process of construction industries. 1987 SIC 6553, Cemetery Subdivision and Developers, was moved to Cemeteries and Crematories in the Other Services sector. Most of this activity is conducted by establishments that operate the cemetery after development; therefore, it is not possible to separate the subdivision and development of cemeteries from their operation. Neither of these two types of operations is closely related to the production activity of real estate establishments. Lessors of Other Non-Financial Assets: The subsector Lessors of Other Non-Financial Assets comprises establishments primarily engaged in holding non-financial assets other than real estate and equipment and in allowing others to use or reproduce those assets for a fee. The establishments did not themselves produce the assets that they hold and permit others to use. Examples of the assets involved are trademarks, industrial designs, and artistic works not subject to copyright. Excluded from this industry are: (a) establishments engaged in the creation, production, reproduction, and/or distribution of artistic and literary works subject to copyright, such as newspapers, periodicals, books, databases, software and multimedia products, film and videos, and musical works--that is, publishing industries, motion picture and video production and distribution industries, record production companies, integrated record companies, music publishers, broadcasters, and independent artists, writers and performers (Information Sector and the Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation Sector); (b) establishments engaged in the leasing of real property, subsector Lessors of Real Estate; and establishments engaged in the leasing of equipment, NAICS subsector Rental and Leasing Services. Provision for the activities of lessors of intangible assets and of tangible assets other than real estate and equipment has been inadequate in existing classifications. In the United States, establishments engaged in franchising, licensing trademarks, leasing taxi medallions, etc., have been assigned to 1987 SIC 6794, Patent Owners and Lessors. It is desirable to create a broader industry in which to classify these activities. TABLE 1 The definitions of status codes are as follows: E-existing industry; N-new industry; R-revised industry; and * means "part of". The abbreviation NEC is used for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1997 NAICS and U.S. description Status Code 1987 SIC Code 1987 SIC description 534 Lessors of Other Non-Financial Assets 5341 Lessors of Other Non-Financial Assets 53411 Lessors of Other Non-Financial Assets R *6792 Oil Royalty Traders (except investors on own account) 6794 Patent Owners and Lessors TABLE 2 The abbreviation "pt" means "part of". @ means time series break has been created that is greater than 3% of the 1992 value of revenue for the 1987 SIC industry. The abbreviation NEC is used for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1987 USIC code 1987 USIC description 1997 U.S. description 6792@ Oil Royalty Traders Investors on Own Account Miscellaneous Financial Investment Activities Oil Royalty Companies Lessors of Other Non-Financial Assets (pt) 6794 Patent Owners and Lessors Lessors of Other Non-Financial Assets (pt) Description of Changes to the U.S. System One new industry, Lessors of Other Non-Financial Assets, has been created from part of 1987 SIC 6792, Oil Royalty Traders, and 1987 SIC 6794, Patent Owners and Lessors. Personal and Laundry Services: This draft classification provides for the subsector Personal and Laundry Services. The Personal and Laundry Services subsector includes establishments that provide a range of services to individuals and businesses. The industries are distinguished by their use of specialized human resources and specialized physical facilities. The subsector contains four industry groups. The industry group Personal Care Services comprises establishments that provide appearance-care services to individual consumers such as barber and beauty services. The industry group contains the industry Hair Care and Esthetic Services that is subdivided into Barber Shops, Beauty Salons, and Nail Salons. The industry Other Personal Care Services is subdivided into Diet and Weight Reducing Centers and Other Personal Care Services. The industry group Funeral Services comprises establishments that provide funeral services such as preparation of bodies for burial and operation of cemeteries and crematories. The group contains two industries, Funeral Homes and Cemeteries and Crematories. The industry group Laundry Services comprises establishments that provide a range of laundry, drycleaning, and related services to individual and business customers. The industry group contains the industries Coin-Operated Laundries and Drycleaning; Drycleaning and Laundry Services, except Coin-Operated that is subdivided into the Laundries, Family and Commercial, and Drycleaning Plants; Linen and Uniform Supply that is subdivided into Linen Supply and Industrial Launderers; and Other Laundry Services that is subdivided into Garment Pressing and Agents for Laundries and All Other Laundry Services. The industry group Miscellaneous Personal Services comprises establishments that provide a wide variety of consumer-related services. The industry group contains the industries Pet Care Services, Except Veterinary Services; Photo Finishing that is subdivided into Photo Finishing Laboratories, except One-Hour and One-Hour Photo Finishing; Parking Lots and Garages; and Other Miscellaneous Personal Services. TABLE 1 The definitions of status codes are as follows: E-existing industry; N-new industry; R-revised industry; and * means "part of.". The abbreviation NEC is used for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1997 NAICS and U.S. description Status Code 1987 SIC Code 1987 SIC description 812 Personal and Laundry Services 8121 Personal Care Services 81211 Hair Care and Esthetic Services 812111 Barber Shops R *7241 Barber Shops (except barber colleges) 812112 Beauty Salons R *7231 Beauty Shops (except beauty and cosmetology schools and manicure and pedicure salons) 812113 Nail Salons N *7231 Beauty Shops (manicure and pedicure salons) 81219 Other Personal Care Services 812191 Diet and Weight Reducing Centers N *7299 Miscellaneous Personal Services, NEC (diet and weight reducing services) 812199 Other Personal Care Services N *7299 Miscellaneous Personal Services, NEC, (personal care services) 8122 Funeral Services 81221 Funeral Homes R 7261 Funeral Services and Crematories (funeral homes) 81222 Cemeteries and Crematories R *6531 Real Estate Agents and Managers (cemetery management) 6553 Cemetery Subdividers and Developers *7261 Funeral Services and Crematories (except funeral homes) 8123 Laundry Services 81231 Coin-Operated Laundries and Drycleaning E 7215 Coin-Operated Laundry and Drycleaning 81232 Drycleaning and Laundry Services, Except Coin-Operated 812321 Laundries, Family and Commercial E 7211 Power Laundries, Family and Commercial 812322 Drycleaning Plants E 7216 Drycleaning Plants, Except Rug Cleaning 81233 Linen and Uniform Supply 812331 Linen Supply R 7213 Linen Supply *7219 Laundry and Garment Services, NEC, (diaper service) 812332 Industrial Launderers E 7218 Industrial Launderers 81239 Other Laundry Services 812391 Garment Pressing, and Agents for Laundries E 7212 Garment Pressing and Agents for Laundries 812399 All Other Laundry Services R *7219 Laundry and Garment Services, NEC (except diaper service and clothing alteration and repair) 8129 Miscellaneous Personal Services 81291 Pet Care Services, Except Veterinary Services R *0752 Animal Speciality Services, Except Veterinary (pet care services, except veterinary) *8734 Testing Laboratories (veterinary testing labs) 81292 Photo Finishing 812921 Photo Finishing Laboratories, Except One-Hour N *7384 Photofinishing Laboratories (except one-hour) 812922 One-Hour Photo Finishing N *7384 Photofinishing Laboratories (one-hour) 81293 Parking Lots and Garages E 7521 Automobile Parking 81299 Other Miscellaneous Personal Services R *7299 Miscellaneous Personal Services, NEC (except diet and weight reducing services, personal care services, and formal wear and costume rental service) TABLE 2 The abbreviation "pt" means "part of". @ means time series break has been created that is greater than 3% of the 1992 revenues for the 1987 SIC industry. 1987 SIC code 1987 SIC description 1997 U.S. description 0752@ Animal Specialty Services, Except Veterinary Pet Care Services Pet Care Services, Except Veterinary Services (pt.) Horses and Equines Services and Animal Production Breeding Support Activities for Animal Production (pt) 6553@ Cemetery Subdividers and Developers Cemeteries and Crematories (pt.) 7211 Power Laundries, Family and Commercial Laundries, Family and Commercial 7212 Garment Pressing and Agents for Laundries Garment Pressing and Agents for Laundries 7213@ Linen Supply Linen Supply (pt.) 7215 Coin-Operated Laundry and Drycleaning Coin-Operated Laundries and Drycleaning 7216 Drycleaning Plants, Except Rug Cleaning Drycleaning Plants 7217 Carpet and Upholstery Cleaning Carpet and Upholstery Cleaning Services 7218 Industrial Launderers Industrial Launderers 7219@ Laundry and Garment Services, NEC Diaper Service Linen Supply (pt.) Clothing Alteration and Repair Other Personal or Household Goods Repair and Maintenance (pt) Except Diaper Service and Clothing Alteration and Repair All Other Laundry Services 7221 Photographic Studios, Portrait Photography Studios, Portrait 7231@ Beauty Shops Beauty Shops and Salons Beauty Salons Manicure and Pedicure Salons Nail Salons Beauty and Cosmetology Schools Cosmetology and Barber Schools (pt) 7241@ Barber Shops Barber Shops Barber Shops Barber Colleges Cosmetology and Barber Schools (pt) 7251 Shoe Repair Shops and Shoeshine Parlors Footwear and Leather Goods Repair (pt) 7261 Funeral Services and Crematories Funeral Homes Funeral Homes Except Funeral Homes Cemeteries and Crematories (pt.) 7291 Tax Return Preparation Services Tax Preparation Services 7299@ Miscellaneous Personal Services, NEC Locker Rental, Except Cold Storage All Other Rental and Leasing of Consumer Goods (pt) Diet and Weight Reducing Centers Diet and Weight Reducing Centers Formal Wear and Costume Rental Rental of Formal Wear and Costumes Personal Care Services Other Personal Care Services All Other Miscellaneous Personal Services, NEC Other Miscellaneous Personal Services 7384 Photofinishing Laboratories Photo Finishing Laboratories (Except One-Hour) Photo Finishing Laboratories (except one-hour) One-Hour Photo Finishing Photo Finishing Laboratories (one-hour) 7521 Automobile Parking Parking Lots and Garages 8734 Testing Laboratories Veterinary Testing Labs Pet Care Services, Except Veterinary Services (pt.) Except Veterinary Testing Labs Testing Laboratories Description of Changes to the U.S. System Five new industries were created for this subsector as follows: Nail Salons from part of 1987 SIC 7231, Beauty Shops. These establishments specialize in providing pedicure and other nail care and design services. Diet and Weight Reducing Centers from part of 1987 SIC 7299, Miscellaneous Personal Services. These establishments provide specialized counseling, weight reduction programs, and nutritional supplements to individual clients. Other Personal Care Services from part of 1987 SIC 7299, Miscellaneous Personal Services. This is a residual industry containing a variety of personal care service establishments. Photo Finishing Laboratories, Except One-Hour from part of 1987 SIC 7384, Photo Finishing Laboratories. These establishments provide a range of developing and photo processing services clients. One-Hour Photo Finishing from part of 1987 SIC 7384, Photo Finishing Laboratories. These establishments offer a limited range of photo finishing services with work usually being done on-site in short period of time. One industry was moved to this subsector from the Agriculture sector: Pet Care Services, Except Veterinary Services from part of 1987 SIC 0752, Animal Speciality Services, Except Veterinary. These establishments provide a range of pet care services to customers such as grooming and boarding. Religious, Grantmaking, Civic and other Membership Organizations This draft classification provides for the subsector Religious, Grantmaking, Civic and Other Membership Organizations. The Religious, Grantmaking, Civic and Other Membership Organizations subsector comprises establishments that are typically defined as religious, grantmaking, civic and/or membership organizations. These establishments solicit members, promote and advocate causes, and provide donations or funding of causes. There are five industry groups within this subsector. The industry group Religious Organizations comprises establishments related to the activities of organized religion. The industry group Grantmaking and Giving Services comprises establishments that provide competitive funding for specific causes from a trust fund or raise money to distribute for a variety of charitable causes. The industry group Grantmaking and Giving Services is subdivided into Grantmaking Foundations, Voluntary Health Organizations, and Other Grantmaking and Giving Services. The industry group Social Advocacy Organizations comprises establishments that advocate and actively promote causes and beliefs for the public good. The industry Social Advocacy Organizations are subdivided into Human Rights Organizations; Environment, Conservation, and Wildlife Organizations; and Other Social Advocacy Organizations. The industry group Civic and Social Associations comprises establishments that have an active membership structure and are engaged in a wide array of civic, social, or fraternal activities. The industry group contains the industry Civic and Social Associations that is subdivided into Civic and Social Associations with Restaurants and Bars and Civic and Social Associations without Restaurants and Bars. The industry group Other Membership Organizations comprises establishments that have an active membership structure to promote causes or represent the interests of the members at large. The industry group includes the following industries: Business Associations, Professional Membership Organizations, Labor Unions and Similar Labor Organizations, Political Organizations, and All Other Membership Organizations. TABLE 1 The definitions of status codes are as follows: E-existing industry; N-new industry; R-revised industry; and * means "part of". The abbreviation NEC is used for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1997 NAICS and description Status Code 1987 SIC Code 1987 SIC description 813 Religious, Grantmaking, Civic and Other Membership Organizations 8131 Religious Organizations 81311 Religious Organizations E 8661 Religious Organizations 8132 Grantmaking and Giving Services 81321 Grantmaking and Giving Services 813211 Grantmaking Foundations E 6732 Educational, Religious, and Charitable Trust 813212 Voluntary Health Organizations N *8399 Social Services, NEC (voluntary health organizations) 813219 Other Grantmaking and Giving Services N *8399 Social Services, NEC (except grantmaking and voluntary health organizations) 8133 Social Advocacy Organizations 81331 Social Advocacy Organizations 813311 Human Rights Organizations N *8399 Social Services, NEC (human rights organizations) 813312 Environment, Conservation and Wildlife Organizations N *8399 Social Services, NEC (environment, conservation, and wildlife advocacy) *8699 Membership Organizations, NEC (humane societies) 813319 Other Social Advocacy Organizations N *8399 Social Services, NEC (except human rights, environment, conservation and wildlife organizations) 8134 Civic and Social Associations 81341 Civic and Social Associations 813411 Civic and Social Organizations, with Restaurants and Bars N *8641 Civic, Social, and Fraternal Organizations (except condominium and homeowner associations) *8699 Membership Organizations, NEC (farm granges with restaurant and bars) 813412 Civic and Social Organizations, without Restaurants and Bars N *8641 Civic, Social, and Fraternal Organizations (except condominium and homeowner associations) *8699 Membership Organizations, NEC (farm granges without restaurant, and bars) 8139 Other Membership Organizations 81391 Business Associations R 8611 Business Associations *8699 Membership Organizations, NEC (farm business organizations) 81392 Professional Membership Organizations E 8621 Professional Membership Organizations 81393 Labor Unions and Similar Labor Organizations E 8631 Labor Unions and Similar Labor Organizations 81394 Political Organizations E 8651 Political Organizations 81399 All Other Membership Organizations R *8699 Membership Organizations, NEC (except farm business organizations, farm granges, and environmental, conservation, and wildlife organizations) TABLE 2 The abbreviation "pt" means "part of". @ means a time series break has been created that is greater than 3% of the 1992 revenues for the 1989 SIC industry. 1987 SIC Code 1987 SIC description 1997 U.S. description 6732 Education, Religious, and Charitable Trusts Grantmaking Foundations 8399 Social Services, NEC Voluntary Health Organizations Voluntary Health Organizations Grantmaking and Giving Other Grantmaking and Giving Services Human Rights Organizations Human Rights Organizations Environment, Conservation, and Wildlife Organizations Environment, Conservation and Wildlife Organizations (pt) All Other Social Advocacy Organizations Other Social Advocacy Organizations 8611 Business Associations Business Associations (pt) 8621 Professional Membership Organizations Professional Membership Organizations 8631 Labor Unions and Similar Labor Organizations Labor Unions and Similar Labor Organizations 8641 Civic, Social, and Fraternal Associations With Restaurants and Bars Civic and Social Associations with Restaurants and Bars (pt.) Without Restaurants and Bars Civic and Social Associations without Restaurants and Bars (pt.) Homeowner and Condominium Associations, Except Property Management Condominium Associations (pt) 8651 Political Organizations Political Organizations 8661 Religious Organizations Religious Organizations 8699 @ Membership Organizations, Not Elsewhere Classified All Other Membership Organizations Farm Granges With Restaurants and Bars Civic and Social Associations with Restaurants and Bars (pt.) Farm Granges Without Restaurants and Bars Civic and Social Associations without Restaurants and Bars (pt) Farm Business Organizations Business Associations (pt) Environmental, Conservation, and Wildlife Organizations Environment, Conservation, and Wildlife Organizations (pt) Except Farm Granges, Farm Business Organizations and Environmental Conservation and Wildlife Organizations All Other Membership Organizations Description of Changes to the U.S. System There are seven new industries in this 1997 subsector. Five of these industries were created from 1987 SIC 8399, Social Services, NEC. These new industries are Voluntary Health Organizations Other Grantmaking and Giving Services Human Rights Organizations Environment, Conservation and Wildlife Organizations Other Social Advocacy Organizations Civic and Social Associations, with Restaurants and Bars Civic and Social Organizations, without Restaurants and Bars Two new industries were created from parts of 1987 SIC 8641, Civic, Social and Fraternal Organizations and 1987 SIC 8699, Membership Organization, NEC. These new industries are: Civic and Social Organizations with Restaurants and Bars Civic and Social Organizations without Restaurants and Bars In addition, a number of activities were moved from this subsector or to different industries within the subsector. These are: Homeowner, tenant, and condominium associations from part of 1987 SIC 8641, Civic, Social, and Fraternal Associations to the Real Estate subsector. Farm business organizations from part of 1987 SIC 8699, Membership Organizations, NEC to Business Associations. Farm granges from part of 1987 SIC 8699, Membership Organizations, NEC to Civic and Social Associations with Restaurants and Bars and Civic and Social Associations without restaurants and bars. Part III--Proposed Hierarchy for NAICS, including Sectors and Subsectors NAICS Sector and Subsector Code 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Hunting and Fishing 111 Crop Production 112 Animal Production 113 Forestry and Logging 114 Fishing, Hunting and Trapping 115 Support Activities for Agriculture and Forestry 21 Mining 211 Oil and Gas Extraction 212 Mining, Except Oil and Gas 213 Support Activities for Mining 22 Utilities 221 Utilities 23 Construction 236 Building, Developing and General Contracting 237 Heavy Construction 238 Special Trade Contractors 31-33 Manufacturing 311 Food Manufacturing 312 Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing 313 Textile Mills 314 Textile Product Mills 315 Apparel Manufacturing 316 Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing 321 Wood Product Manufacturing, Except Furniture 322 Paper Manufacturing 323 Printing and Related Support Activities 324 Petroleum and Coal Product Manufacturing 325 Chemical Manufacturing 326 Rubber and Plastics Product Manufacturing 327 Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing 331 Primary Metal Manufacturing 332 Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing 333 Machinery Manufacturing 334 Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing 335 Electrical Equipment, Appliance and Component Manufacturing 336 Transportation Equipment Manufacturing 337 Furniture Manufacturing 339 Miscellaneous Manufacturing 43 Wholesale Trade 431 Wholesale Trade, Durable Goods 432 Wholesale Trade, Nondurable Goods 44, 45 Retail Trade 441 Motor Vehicle and Parts Dealers 442 Furniture and Home Furnishings Stores 443 Electronics and Appliance Stores 444 Building Materials and Garden Equipment and Supplies Dealers 445 Food and Beverage Stores 446 Health and Personal Care Stores 447 Gasoline Stations 448 Clothing and Accessories Stores 451 Sports, Hobby, Book and Music Stores 452 General Merchandise Stores 453 Miscellaneous Store Retailers 454 Nonstore Retailers 48, 49 Transportation 481 Air Transportation 482 Rail Transportation 483 Water Transportation 484 Truck Transportation 485 Transit and Ground Passenger Transportation 486 Pipeline Transportation 487 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation 488 Support Activities for Transportation 491 Postal Service 492 Couriers 51 Information 511 Publishing 512 Motion Picture and Sound Recording 513 Broadcasting and Telecommunications 514 Information Services and Data and Transaction Processing 52 Finance and Insurance 521 Monetary Authorities - Central Bank 522 Credit Intermediation and Related Activities 523 Securities, Commodity Contracts and Other Intermediation and Related Activities 524 Insurance Carriers and Related Activities 53 Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 531 Real Estate 533 Rental and Leasing Services 534 Lessors of Other Non-Financial Assets 56 Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 561 Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 57 Management, Support, Waste Management and Remediation Services 571 Management and Support Services 572 Waste Management and Remediation Services 61 Educational Services 611 Educational Services 62 Health and Social Assistance 621 Ambulatory Health Care Services 622 Hospitals 623 Nursing and Residential Care Facilities 624 Social Assistance 71 Arts, Entertainment and Recreation 711 Performing Arts, Spectator Sports and Related Industries 712 Museums, Historical Sites and Similar Institutions 713 Recreation, Amusement and Gambling Industries 72 Food Services, Drinking Places, and Accommodations 721 Accommodations 722 Food Services and Drinking Places 81 Other Services, Except Public Administration 811 Repair and Maintenance 812 Personal and Laundry Services 813 Religious, Grantmaking, Civic and Other Membership Organizations 814 Private Households 93 Public Administration 931 Executive, Legislative, Public Finance and General Government 932 Justice, Public Order and Safety 933 Administration of Human Resource Programs 934 Administration of Environmental Quality Programs 935 Administration of Housing Programs, Urban Planning and Community Development 936 Administration of Economic Programs 937 National Security and International Affairs 98 Funds, Trusts, and Other Financial Vehicles (U.S. Only) 981 Funds, Trusts, and Other Financial Vehicles (U.S. Only) 99 Unclassified Establishments 999 Unclassified Establishments