overview
With a land area of 17 million square kilometers and 60 thousand kilometers
of borders and coastline, Russia is the largest country in the world (see
Map). For centuries, Russia has had
strong political and economic influence in both Europe and Asia. And with
133 million hectares of arable land, a large agrarian workforce (14 percent
of the total), and 147 million inhabitants to feed, Russia has also been
a major regional and global agricultural player.
The ERS research program on Russia focuses on annual long range forecasts
of Russian agricultural production and trade and on how post-USSR policy
reform has affected the country's agricultural production, consumption,
and trade, particularly imports of U.S. agricultural
goods. Other research examines how reform has affected the efficiency
and productivity of Russian farms, and the extent to which Russian agriculture
is integrated into the world economy and conforms to the concept of comparative
advantage. More overview
contents
feature
Black Sea Grain Exports:
Will They Be Moderate or Large? examines the prospects for grain
exports (mostly wheat) by the transition economies of Central and
Eastern Europe and the Newly Independent States that export through
the Black Sea, the largest being Russia and Ukraine. If productivity
growth in the region is high, annual grain exports by Black Sea
countries could rise to 30-40 million metric tons.
recommended readings
Many factors determine the Structure
of the Global Markets for Meat, including the relative availability
of resources for raising and processing animals for meat. Countries'
preferences for various cuts of meat provide opportunities for international
trade.
Implications of Russia's
New Poultry Import Quotas examines the impact of new quotas
on livestock imports imposed by Russia in April 2003. One of the
quotas is an absolute quota on poultry meat imports. Because Russia
is one of the largest destinations for U.S. poultry products, the
quota could significantly affect U.S. poultry exports and prices.
Agricultural Reform: Major
Commodity Restructuring but Little Institutional Restructuring,
part of a U.S. Congress Joint Economic Committee report, examines
how economic transition has substantially changed Russian agricultural
production, consumption, and tradewith the main development
being a drop in output. The entire report, Russia's
Uncertain Economic Future, is a large Adobe Acrobat (.pdf) file
that may take time to download.
See all recommended readings...
recommended data products
Russia at a glance provides data
on population, gross domestic product (GDP), employment, consumer
price index (CPI), exchange rate, and trade.
Russia's agriculture at a glance
presents data on land, agricultural production by commodity, farm
structure, and agricultural trade.
Production, Supply, and
Distribution (PS&D) contains official USDA data on production,
supply, and distribution of agricultural commodities for the United
States and major importing and exporting countries. The database
provides projections for the coming year and historical data for
more than 200 countries and major crop, livestock, fishery, and
forest products.
Foreign Agricultural Trade of the United
States (FATUS) provides U.S. agricultural exports and imports,
volume and value, by country, by commodity, and by calendar year,
fiscal year, and month, for varying periods, such as 1935 to the
present or 1989 to the present. Updated monthly or annually.
WTO Agricultural Trade
Policy Commitments Database contains data on implementation
of trade policy commitments by WTO member countries. Data on domestic
support, export subsidies, and tariffs are organized for comparison
across countries. This queriable database offers various options
for viewing and downloading data.
Agricultural Market Access Database
(AMAD) is a publicly available information tool for analyzing WTO
market access issues in agriculture. It contains data and information
for WTO member countries, including tariff schedules, tariff bindings,
applied tariff rates, country notifications to the WTO, import quantities,
and other data useful in tariff analysis.
Agricultural
Statistics for the Former Soviet Republics and the Baltic States
covers land use and farm structure, population, labor force, agricultural
inputs, grains, livestock, food consumption. Soviet data generally
include 1960-90; data for republics cover 1980-95.
See key data chapter...
related briefing rooms
Agricultural baseline projections
World Trade Organization (WTO)
European Union
Ukraine
Poland
Hungary
related links
Websites of other USDA agencies, other government agencies, and
international organizations with valuable information on Russia.
See all related links...
for more information, contact:
William Liefert
web administration: webadmin@ers.usda.gov
page updated: October 29, 2004
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