![Research and Development in Industry: 1998 [Early Release Tables]](/peth04/20041118001022im_/http://nsf.gov/sbe/srs/srs00408/tit00408.gif)
The annual report, Research and Development in Industry: 1998, will be published later this year on the World Wide Web (WWW) and in paper form. To provide data users with the most timely statistics possible, this set of tables is being made available while the electronic posting for the WWW and the printed report are being prepared. The statistics in the tables are final and generally will not be revised when published on the WWW and in the printed report unless problems are found that warrant revision, however changes in format will be made to conform with publication guidelines and practices.
These tables provide statistics on research and development (R&D) funding for the years 1988-98 and on R&D personnel for the period from January 1989 to January 1999. The statistics are produced with results from the annual Survey of Industrial Research and Development and provide national estimates of the total expenditures on R&D performed within the United States by industrial firms, whether U.S. or foreign owned. It is a sample survey that intends to include or represent all R&D-performing companies, either publicly or privately held.
Every year a survey questionnaire is sent to all companies that spend more than $5 million annually on R&D in the United States [1]. The level of R&D performance is determined by using information from previous surveys or other sources. Remaining firms are subjected to probability sampling and may not receive a questionnaire for a given survey year.
Industry statistics are developed from data collected from individual companies or enterprises. Since the survey is enterprise based rather than establishment based, all data collected for the various subparts of each enterprise (plants, divisions, or subdivisions) are tabulated in the major standard industrial classification (SIC) of the company. The resulting industry estimates are reported using the SIC of the companies within each industry. National totals are estimated by summing the industry estimates.
Several changes have been made to the survey that are of special importance to users of these tables. Prior to the 1992 survey, statistics were based on samples selected at irregular intervals (i.e., 1967, 1971, 1976, 1981, 1987). In intervening years, a subset of the last sample (called a panel) was used. The most recent sample prior to the 1992 survey was for survey year 1987. Original estimates for 1988 through 1991 were based on surveys of approximately 1,700 panel companies that reported R&D activity in the 1987 survey. Beginning with the 1992 survey, statistics are based on samples selected annually. Also, beginning with the 1992 survey, the sample size was increased from approximately 14,000 to nearly 25,000 firms to account better for births of R&D-performing establishments; to more fully and accurately survey R&D performed by firms classified in the nonmanufacturing industries; and to gather more current information about potential RD performers.
The Bureau of the Census, U. S. Department of Commerce, has conducted the Survey of Industrial Research and Development for the National Science Foundation (NSF) since 1957. Census staff conduct the survey under Title 13 of the United States Code, which prohibits publication or release of data or statistics that may reveal information about individual companies. Therefore, in some tables the symbol (D) is used as a footnote reference to indicate that estimates are being withheld to avoid possible disclosure of information about operations of individual companies.
In addition to the tables containing statistics developed from the survey data, the annual report will contain detailed information about the history of the survey, survey methodology, comparability of the statistics, and survey definitions. Survey questionnaires, instructions, and other survey documents will be reproduced also. Specific questions regarding the survey may be directed to:
Raymond Wolfe[1] For surveys prior to 1996, a survey questionnaire was sent to all companies that spent more than $1 million annually or that had 1,000 or more employees. See the technical notes in Research and Development in Industry: 1997 for more details.
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| E-1 | Trends in industrial R&D performance, by source of funds, in current and in constant dollars: 1953-98 |
| E-2 | Summary data for R&D-performing companies, by detailed industry and by size of company: 1997-98 |
| E-3 | Total (company, Federal, and other) funds for industrial R&D performance, by industry and by size of company: 1988-98 |
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| E-4 | Company and other (except Federal) funds for industrial R&D performance, by industry and by size of company: 1988-98 |
| E-5 | Company and other (except Federal) funds for industrial R&D contracted to outside organizations by R&D-performing companies, by industry and by size of company: 1991, 1993-98 |
| E-6 | Company and other (except Federal) funds for R&D performed outside the United States by U.S. R&D-performing domestic companies and their foreign subsidiaries, by industry and by size of company: 1988-98 |
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| E-7 | Federal funds for industrial R&D performance, by industry and by size of company: 1988-98 |
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| E-8 | Domestic net sales of R&D-performing companies, by industry and by size of company: 1997-98 |
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| E-9 | Total (company, Federal, and other) funds for performance of industrial basic research, applied research, and development, in current and in constant dollars: 1953-98 |
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| E-10 | Number of full-time-equivalent (FTE) R&D scientists and engineers in R&D-performing companies, by industry and by size of company: 1988-99 |
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