In the News Notice
Update: Viral Meningitis Cases Waning, Puerto Rico
(Updated October 20, 2004 and September 7, 2004; Released August 13, 2004)

Health authorities in Puerto Rico report a decline in the number of reported viral (aseptic) meningitis cases in recent weeks. Since June 2004, approximately 400 cases of the disease have occurred, compared with 70 cases per year from 1999 through 2003. Children less than 6 years of age have been primarily affected. The outbreak began on June 13, 2004, and peaked in mid-September. Echovirus 30, a type of enterovirus, was the predominant virus identified in patient specimens tested.

Meningitis, an inflammation of the tissues that cover the brain and spinal cord, can be caused by bacteria or viruses. Enteroviruses are the most common cause of viral meningitis, and echovirus 30 has been associated with numerous reported outbreaks during the last decade. Unlike bacterial meningitis, viral meningitis rarely is fatal; however, it is associated with an estimated 26,000--42,000 hospitalizations each year in the United States. Because symptoms of both viral and bacterial meningitis are fever, severe headache, stiff neck, sensitivity to bright light, drowsiness or confusion, and nausea and vomiting, it is important that anyone with these symptoms receive prompt medical care. Careful attention to hygiene may prevent transmission of the viruses that cause viral meningitis, because they spread primarily by fecal-oral and respiratory routes.

For more information on viral meningitis, see http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/revb/enterovirus/viral_meningitis.htm.

For information about correct handwashing techniques, see http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/op/handwashing.htm.