TABLE OF CONTENTS
Descriptive Summary
Biographical Note
Collection Summary
Index Terms
Administrative Information
Restrictions
Series Descriptions
Records, 1969-1981
|
Archives and Modern Manuscripts Program, History of Medicine Division
Processed by HMD Staff
Machine-readable finding aid encoded by Dan Jenkins
| | |
|
|
| Collection Number: | MS C 393 |
| Creator: | U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare |
| Title: | U.S. Department of Health Education and Welfare, National Blood Policy Records
|
| Dates: | 1969-1981 |
| Quantity: | 21 MS boxes |
| Abstract: | Reports, documents, correspondence, memoranda, and printed matter. A sizable number of the items are copies. In 1972 President Richard Nixon called for an "intensive study" and requested a plan for developing a "safe, fast, and efficient nationwide blood collection and distribution system." |
In March 1972 President Richard Nixon called for an "intensive study" and requested a plan for developing a "safe, fast, and efficient nationwide blood collection and distribution system." Nixon's request was the result of several independent events and initiatives throughout the late 1960s that focused on the U.S. lack of an efficient system for maintaining a sufficiently ample, risk-free national blood supply.
American blood supplies depended heavily on "commercial" blood, that is, blood acquired by private blood banks that paid its donors. The result was a large instance of hepatitis in patients receiving blood transfusions (there was no screening test for hepatitis at this time), significant national blood supply shortages, an inefficient distribution system, and extremely high charges for blood for hospital patients. Scientists had long recognized the problems in the ad hoc, commercial-volunteer system of supplying and regulating the nation's blood supply.
The Policy outlined 10 principle goals: (1) need for an adequate blood supply for treatment and diagnostic needs, (2) attain the highest standards of blood transfusion therapy and research; (3) universal access to national blood supply for anyone in need, regardless of economic status; (4) efficient collection, processing, storage and utilization of blood supply; (5) assure ample donation; (6) support educational programs to assure most appropriate and safe use of the supply; (7) employ full regulatory authority and seek additional authority to assure adherence to highest standards of blood banking; (8) support research in the full spectrum of blood banking and therapy activities; (9) include benefit in health care insurance programs to assure universal access to blood and blood products to anyone in need; (10) made DHEW responsible for implementation of the policy. The primary aim of the policy was to eliminate the nation's dependence on an oft-contaminated blood supply, with its associated public health problems, by developing an all-volunteer donation system, and thus improving the quality of the supply of blood and development of an appropriate ethical climate for increasing the use of human tissues for therapeutic medical purposes.
Brief Chronology
| | |
| 1967 | The National Blood Resource Education Program was established at the National Heart and Lung Institute (NIH). |
| 1970 | National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council's "An evaluation of the utilization of human blood resources in the United States" calls for major reforms. |
| 1971 | NBRP, NHLI and Booz, Allen, Hamilton contract for a study to collect data and report extensively on blood services in the U.S. |
| Fall 1971 | NBC television documentary highlights numerous deficiencies in blood services, including periodic blood shortages, blood purchases from indigents and unhealthy populations, wastage of blood collected, and excessive hepatitis occurance. |
| Jan. 1972 | DHEW Secretary Elliott Richardson calls for formation of an intra-Departmental Task Force to create a national blood policy. |
| March 1972 | Nixon calls for HEW to develop a national plan for collecting and distributing blood. |
| Sep./Oct. 1972 | Booz, Allen, Hamilton report published documenting many problems with organization and practice in blood services |
| Dec. 1972 | Draft National Blood Policy prepared. |
| July 1973 | DHEW Secretary Caspar Weinberger announces National Blood Policy and issues call for public and private sectors to develop implementation schemes. |
| Sep. 1974 | DHEW publishes in the Federal Register its evaluation and comments on the implementation plan. Important was the creation of the private sector American Blood Commission to provide a single locus for blood services accountability within the private sector. |
Return to the Table of Contents
Reports, documents, correspondence, memoranda, and printed matter. A sizable number of the items are copies. The collection represents Dr. Ian Mitchell's set of working papers created and compiled by the committee.
Return to the Table of Contents
Restrictions
Restrictions
Collection is not restricted. Contact the Reference Staff for information regarding access. For online customer service, please visit http://www.nlm.nih.gov/contacts/custserv-email.html.
Copyright
NLM does possess copyright to the collection. Contact the Reference Staff for details regarding rights. For online customer service, please visit http://www.nlm.nih.gov/contacts/custserv-email.html.
Return to the Table of Contents
| | |
|
|
| These terms are indexed in the National Library of Medicine's online catalog LocatorPlus. Researchers wishing to find related materials should search the catalog using these terms. |
| MeSH Subjects |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | Blood Banks |
| | Public Health |
| Personal Names |
| | Mitchell, Ian, Dr. |
| Corporate Names |
| | National Blood Resource Education Program |
| | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute |
Return to the Table of Contents
[Call Number, Collection Name, Series Number], Modern Manuscripts Collection, History of Medicine Division, National Library of Medicine, USA.
Gift of Dr. Ian Mitchell, 1983. Dr. Mitchell was Special Assistant for Science to the Assistant Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare (Dr. Merlin K. Duval) and chaired the multi-agency, intra-departmental task force for a National Blood Policy, which led to the Policy's creation. The collection represents Dr. Mitchell's set of working papers created and compiled by the committee.
Return to the Table of Contents
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
Records, 1969-1981
|
| Box |
| 1 | | National Blood Policy - "History" |
| 1 | | "A Proposed National Blood Policy", 1972-1974 |
| 1 | | Blood Labeling - Comments, 1975-1976 |
| 1 | | Mitchell, Ian - Curriculum Vitae (Donor of the Collection) |
| | Correspondence - Institutions and Organizations |
| | | | |
| 2 | | | Academic Clinical Laboratory Physicians, 1974 |
| 2 | | | American Association of Blood Banks, 1972-1979 |
| 3 | | American Association of Blood Banks, 1976-1979 |
| 3 | | American Blood Commission, 1973-1981 |
| 4 | | American Blood Commission, 1976-1980 |
| 5 | | American Blood Commission, 1976-1981 |
| 6 | | American Blood Commission, 1975-1980 |
| 6 | | American Blood Resources Association, 1973-1978 |
| 6 | | American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organization, 1976-1977 |
| 7 | | American National Red Cross, 1972-1978 |
| 8 | | American National Red Cross, 1977-1980 |
| 8 | | American Society of Hematology, 1976 |
| 8 | | Blood Diseases and Resources Advisory Committee, 1977 |
| 8 | | Blood Services, 1975 |
| 8 | | Blood Services Medical Advisory Committee, 1977 |
| 8 | | Chicago Regional Blood Program, 1975-1980 |
| 8 | | Community Blood Bank of Central Iowa, 1977 |
| 8 | | Community Blood Center, Sprinfield, IL, 1975-1979 |
| 8 | | Council of Community Blood Centers, 1974-1976 |
| 9 | | Council of Community Blood Centers, 1977-1980 |
| 9 | | Council on Wage and Price Stability, 1974-1976 |
| 10 | | Drug Research Reports, 1975-1979 |
| 10 | | Florida Association of Blood Banks, 1973 |
| 10 | | Food and Drug Administration - Bureau of Biologics, 1975-1977 |
| 10 | | General Accoutning Office, 1975-1976 |
| 11 | | General Accounting Office, 1976-1979 |
| 11 | | George Washington University, 1975 |
| 11 | | U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, 1971-1974 |
| 12 | | U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, 1975-1976 |
| 13 | | U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, 1977-1979 |
| 13 | | U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, 1980 |
| 13 | | Irwin Memorial Blood Bank, 1977 |
| 14 | | John G. Gibson II, Lecture, 1975 |
| 14 | | National Bureau of Standards, 1972 |
| 14 | | National Heart and Lung Institute, 1971-1975 |
| 14 | | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 1976-1978 |
| 15 | | National Heart and Lung Institute, 1972-1977 |
| 15 | | National Hemophilia Foundation, 1972-1975 |
| 15 | | Proposed Transfer of Blood Policy to N.I.H., 1977 |
| 15 | | Regionalization Task Force Report, 1976 |
| 15 | | Schechter Report/Labs, 1975-1977 |
| 16 | | Schechter Report/Labs, 1978-1981 |
| 16 | | Second National Symposium on the Logistics of Blood ... , 1975 |
| 16 | | Tri-State Blood Bank Meeting, 1974 |
| 16 | | Veterans Administration, 1976-1979 |
| | General Correspondence |
| | | | |
| 16 | | | Allen, J. Garrott, 1971-1976 |
| 17 | | | Allen, J. Garrott, 1976-1980 |
| 17 | | | Bochman, Leonard, 1978 |
| 17 | | | Chiles, Lawton, 1976 |
| 17 | | | Humphrey, Hubert H., 1976-1977 |
| 17 | | | Johnston, J. Bennett, 1976 |
| 17 | | | Jordan, Quinn, 1977 |
| 17 | | | Kellner, Aaron, 1975-1978 |
| 17 | | | Kyler, William S., 1975-1977 |
| 18 | | | McCullough, Jeffrey, 1976 |
| 18 | | | McCurdy, Paul R., 1975-1977 |
| 18 | | | Perlis, Leo, 1975-1977 |
| 18 | | | Polesky, Herbert F., 1976-1977 |
| 18 | | | AB - NO |
| 19 | | | O - Z |
| 20 | | Reports on Blood Policy |
| 19 | | Reprints and Articles on "National Blood Policy", 1969-1980 |
| 19 | | Newspaper and Magazine Clippings, 1975-1978 |
| 19 | | Directory of Blood Establishments, 1976 |
| 20 | | Reports on Blood Policy |
| 21 | | Reports and Legislation on Blood Policy |
Return to the Table of Contents
Return to List of Manuscript Collections and Finding Aids
|
Printer-friendly Version