First laws: 1949 (old age) and 1957 (disability and survivors).
Current laws: 1964 and 1983 (agricultural workers).
Type of program: Social insurance system.
Exchange rate: U.S.$1.00 equals 302,250 liras.
Employees in industry, commerce, and service sector. Coverage is optional for aliens who work for a foreign employer.
Special systems cover public employees, the self-employed, farmers, agricultural workers, and bank, insurance company, and stock exchange employees.
Insured person: 9% of earnings.
Employer: 11% of payroll (13% for arduous employment).
Government: None.
Maximum earnings for contribution and benefit purposes: 150,223,500 liras a month. Minimum, 93,366,000 liras a month.
Old-age pension: Age 55 (men) and 50 (women) and 5,000 days of contribution or 15 years of insurance and 3,600 days of contribution.
No age limit if 25 years of insurance and 5,000 days of contribution.
Disability pension: Loss of 2/3 of working capacity. Must have been entitled to old-age pension, or had 5 years of coverage with an average contribution of 180 days per year, or 1,800 days of contribution.
Survivor pension: Deceased met contribution requirements for disability pension or was pensioner at death.
Old-age pension: 50% of average indexed earnings during last 5 years or 59.9% of average indexed earnings during last 10 years. All retirees also receive monthly flat-rate social support supplement of 4,690,000 liras.
Reduced pension: Full pension reduced by 1% for each period of 240 contribution days less than 5,000. Increment of 1% of pension for each year of deferral beyond normal retirement age, or for each period of 240 days of contribution in excess of 5,000, up to maximum 85% of average earnings.
Minimum pension: 70,046,200 liras a month. Maximum, 132,379,975 liras a month.
Refund of contributions: Employee and employer contributions, if ineligible for pension.
Means-tested pension for disabled 65 and over if ineligible for old-age pension.
Adjustment: Pensions adjusted periodically according to change in prices and wages.
Disability pension: Disability pension to be calculated during last 5 years. 70% of average indexed earnings.
Social support supplement payable, as in retirement cases.
Constant-attendance supplement: Pension increased to 80%.
Minimum pension: 70,046,200 liras a month; maximum: 109,846,450 liras a month. Minimum pension if insured needs constant care: 124,868,800 liras a month.
Adjustment: Pensions adjusted periodically according to changes in prices and wages.
Survivor pension: If no dependent children, widow receives 75% of pension paid or accrued to insured person; 50% of pension if there are dependent children.
Also payable to dependent disabled widower.
Orphans: 25% of pension of insured (50% if full orphan) for each orphan under age 18 (25 if student in higher education, 20 if in secondary education, no limit if unmarried daughter or disabled).
Minimum pension: 56,974,960 liras a month for 1 survivor; 63,510,580 for 2 survivors.
Parents: If other pensions below maximum, parents can receive the difference.
Maximum survivor pensions: 100% of pension of insured.
Refund of contributions: Employee and employer contributions, if ineligible for pension. 50% to widow, or 75% if no child entitlement; 25% to each child.
Funeral grant: 49,875,000 liras.
Ministry of Labor and Social Security, general supervision.
Social Insurance Institution, administration of program; managed by tripartite governing body and director-general.
First laws: 1945 (maternity) and 1950 (sickness).
Current law: 1964.
Type of program: Social insurance system. Cash and medical benefits.
Employees in industry, commerce, and service sector.
Pensioners and dependents also covered for medical benefits.
Special systems for public employees and agricultural workers.
Insured person: 5% of earnings (apprentices, 2%).
Employer: 6% of payroll (2% for apprentices). Maternity, 1% of payroll.
Government: None.
Maximum and minimum earnings for contribution and benefit purposes: Same as old-age, disability and death.
Cash sickness benefits: 120 days of contribution during last 12 months.
Cash maternity and medical benefits: For medical benefits, person must be currently covered or a pensioner. For medical care for dependents, 120 days of contribution during last 12 months.
For maternity care, 90 days of contribution (wife) or 120 days (husband) during last 12 months.
Sickness benefit: Inpatient: 50% of earnings; outpatient: 66 2/3% of earnings. Payable after 2-day waiting period, usually for up to 6 months; sometimes up to 18 months. No waiting period for pensioners.
Maternity benefit: 66-2/3% of earnings, payable for up to 6 weeks before and 6 weeks after confinement.
Nursing grant: Lump sum of 500,000 liras.
Medical benefits: Medical services ordinarily provided directly to patients through facilities of Social Insurance Institution. Includes general and specialist care, hospitalization, laboratory services, medicines, maternity care, appliances, and transportation. Insured person shares 20% (10% for pensioners) of cost of outpatient medicines, except if long-term treatment.
Medical benefits for dependents: Same as for insured person.
Ministry of Labor and Social Security, general supervision.
Social Insurance Institution, administration of program through its branch offices. Institution operates own dispensaries, hospitals, sanatoria, and pharmacies and contracts with private suppliers of services in localities where it has no facilities.
(There is no separate worker's compensation system. Work accident and disease are separately provided for, but benefits are paid under the general system.)
First law: 1945.
Current law: 1964.
Type of program: Social insurance system.
Employees in industry, commerce, and service sector. Applicants for apprenticeships, apprentices, and students in technical schools (paid by Government). Exclusions: Domestic employees.
Special systems for public employees and agricultural workers.
Insured person: None.
Employer: 1.5% to 7% of payroll, according to risk. Average rate: 2.5% of payroll.
Government: None.
Maximum earnings for contribution and benefit purposes: Same as for Old Age, Disability, Death, above.
Work-injury benefits: No minimum qualifying period.
Temporary disability benefit: 50% of earnings; if hospitalized, 33-1/3% of earnings.
Payable from first day of incapacity. No limit on duration.
Permanent disability pension: 70% of average earnings, multiplied by percentage of disability. Total disability: Loss of 60% of working capacity.
Constant-attendance supplement: 50% of pension.
Partial disability: Percent of full pension proportionate to degree of disability, if more than 10% disabled. May be converted to lump sum if degree of disability less than 25%.
Medical benefits: Medical treatment and surgery, hospitalization, medicines, appliances, and transportation. No limit on duration.
Survivor pension: Payable under regular survivor program.
Ministry of Labor and Social Security, general supervision.
Social Insurance Institution, administration of program through its branch offices and health facilities.
(Labor code requires employer to pay dismissal indemnity of 30 days' wages per year of service.)
Employees in industry, commerce, and service sector.
Ministry of Labor and Social Security, Manpower Employment Organization.