First law: 1922 (effective in 1937).
Current laws: 1983 Federal law, supplemented by separate laws of 2 Republics.
Type of program: Social insurance system.
Exchange rate: U.S.$1.00 equals 11 dinars.
Employed persons in industry, commerce, and agriculture; public employees; and members of handicraft and fishery cooperatives.
Special systems for various categories of self-employed workers including craftsmen, liberal professions, artists, and farmers.
Insured person Contribution rates varying according to Republic.
Republic of Serbia, 16.0%; Republic of Montenegro, 12.0%.
Employer: Republic of Serbia, 16.0%; Republic of Montenegro, 12.0%.
Government: Guarantees cash benefits.
Old-age pension: Age 60 (men) or 55 (women) and 20 years of insurance. Payable at any age after 40 years of insurance (men) or 35 (women); at age 65 (men) or 60 (women) after 15 years.
Retirement from insured employment.
Payable abroad if reciprocal agreement.
Disability pension: Incapacity for all work (total disability) or greatly reduced capacity for regular or equivalent work (partial disability). Coverage for at least 1/3 of years after age 20.
Survivor pension: Deceased was pensioner or had 5 years of insurance.
Old-age pension (Federal minimum): 35% (men) or 40% (women)
of average earnings during last 10 years or 10 highest paid consecutive years in insured employment. (Past earnings revalued for changes in average wages.) Increment of 2% (men) or 2% to 3% (women) of earnings for each year of insurance beyond 15 years.
Maximum pension: 85% of average earnings.
Adjustment: Periodic adjustment of pensions for changes in cost of living and minimum wage level.
Disability pension (Federal minimum): Same as old-age pension. If disability before age 60 (men) or 55 (women) and less than 20 years' coverage, minimum pension is 45% (men) or 55% (women).
Increment of 2% of earnings for each year of insurance beyond 15 years.
Constant attendance allowance provided where necessary.
Adjustment: Periodic adjustment of pensions for changes in cost of living and minimum wage level.
Survivor pension: (Federal minimum): 1 survivor, 70% of pension paid or accrued to insured; 2 survivors, 80%; 3 survivors, 90%; 4 or more survivors, 100%. Eligible survivors: Widow age 45 or widower age 50, disabled, or caring for child under age 15 (26 if student, no limit if disabled); dependent mother age 45 and father age 55, or disabled; dependent grandchildren, brothers, sisters.
Funeral grant: Burial expenses.
Adjustment: Periodic adjustment of benefits for changes in cost of living and minimum wage level.
Federal Social Security Institute, general supervision.
Funds for pensions and disability in Republics' Regions, administration of programs at the local level.
First law: 1922.
Current laws: 1992 and 1999 (health insurance for foreigners).
Separate laws in 2 Republics.
Type of program: Social insurance system.
Employed persons in industry, commerce, and agriculture; public employees; members of handicraft and fishery cooperatives; students; artists; self-employed workers, and farmers. Pensioners also covered for medical benefits.
Foreign citizens; persons without citizenship, with refugee status, or granted asylum.
Insured person: Contribution rates vary according to profession and
Republic; maximum, 9.7% of earnings.
Employer: Varying percentage of payroll; maximum, 9.7% of payroll.
Government: None.
(Regional pension and disability associations and employment associations pay contributions for beneficiaries' health coverage.)
Sickness and maternity benefits: 12 continuous or 18 months during last 2 years.
Medical benefits: No minimum qualifying period.
Sickness benefit: Employer pays for first 60 days. Minimum, 50% of average earnings; maximum 75%. 95% after 61st day if qualifying period met, 90% if not. Payable from 1st day of incapacity until recovery or award of disability pension.
Maternity benefit: 100% of earnings if qualifying period met, 80% if not. Maternity grant: Amount determined by health insurance association.
Medical benefits: Medical services provided directly to patients through facilities of governmental health service, on basis of contracts with local health insurance associations.
Medical benefits for dependents: Same as for insured person.
Wife or other female dependent of insured person also receives maternity benefits on same basis as insured woman.
Funds for health insurance programs in the Republics administer program on the local level.
National Committee (under 1999 law), general coordination of regional funds of associations.
First law: 1922.
Current laws: Same as those above which apply to old-age, disability, death, and sickness.
Type of program: Social insurance system.
Persons insured for old-age, disability, death, and sickness.
Insured person: None.
Employer: See sickness insurance, above.
Government: None.
Work-injury benefits: No minimum qualifying period.
Temporary disability benefit: 100% of earnings.
Payable from 1st day of incapacity until recovery or award of permanent disability pension.
Permanent disability pension: Up to 85% of average earnings according to same schedule as for old-age pension.
Medical benefits: Provided under sickness insurance.
Survivor pension: 1 survivor, 70% of pension paid or accrued to insured; 2 survivors, 80%; 3 survivors, 90%; 4 or more survivors, 100%. Eligible survivors in addition to spouse and children: Grandchildren, brothers, sisters, dependent aged parents.
Funeral grant: Burial expenses.
Union of Pension and Disability Associations, coordination and administration of short-term cash benefits.
First law: 1927.
Current laws: 1992. Separate laws in 2 Republics.
Type of program: Unemployment assistance.
Employed persons.
Insured person: Rate varies according to Republic. Maximum, 0.9% of earnings.
Employer: Maximum, 0.9% of payroll.
Government: None.
Unemployment benefit: Employment throughout past 9 months, or during 12 months out of last 18. Total income from employment of claimant's household not in excess of specified monthly amount.
Unemployment benefit (after income test): 70% of average earnings in last 3 months. Payable for up to 3 months. Extended up to 30 months for workers with 30 years of prior employment.
Unemployment funds, coordination and administration of program.
First law: 1949.
Current laws: 1990. Separate laws in 2 Republics.
Type of program: Employment-related system.
Employees, members of some liberal professions, artists, social insurance beneficiaries, and non-working single mothers with 1 or more children and limited income.
Insured person: Rate varies; maximum set at Republic level.
Employer: None, except private employers pay whole contribution for their workers.
Government: None.
Family allowances: Child must be under age 15 (26 if student, no limit if disabled). Taxable income of household must be below specified monthly amount (adjusted periodically for cost-of-living changes). 12 months of coverage also required by most laws.
Family allowances: Rates in Republics according to number of children in family and income test.
Adjustment: Allowances adjusted periodically for cost-of-living changes.
National Committee, general coordination of regional funds and associations. Self-governing regional associations organized for administration of Republics' programs.