Quarterly Report Highlights

SITE Internet Address: http://www.epa.gov/ORD/SITE

Reports on SITE Web Site

Over the past several quarters there has been a concerted effort to increase the number of SITE Project Reports on our web site. There are now over 180 reports available for viewing or downloading (via Adobe Acrobat PDF Format). Many of the older reports that were not available in electronic format have been scanned and placed on the web.

SITE Technology Profiles Searchable Database

A searchable database of the SITE Technology Profiles (11th Edition) is available for use on the CD-ROM. The database allows queries of several parameters, including media, contaminants, technology vendor, treatment type, and technology. This CD-ROM is available by calling 1-800-490-9198 and ordering EPA/540-C-03/501.

Kick-Off Meeting for DNAPL Remediation Project at Grand Plaza

The SITE Program initiated a project to perform a treatability study of the remediation of chlorinated compounds at the Grand Plaza Shopping Center site in Dallas, TX. A kick-off meeting for this project was held in August, 2003.

The Grand Plaza Shopping Center (Grand Plaza) is a 26,189 square-foot, single story retail facility currently housing an eight-store neighborhood shopping center. Analytical results indicate that the soil and groundwater in the vicinity of a former dry cleaners is impacted by tetrachloroethylene (PCE), trichloroethylene (TCE), and cis-1,2-dichlorothene (DCE) above their Texas Risk Reduction Program (TRRP) Tier 1 Protective Concentration Levels (PCLs).

The SITE Program is investigating the use of in situ dehalogenation using emulsified zero-valent iron (EZVI) at this site. EZVI can be used to enhance reduction of chlorinated DNAPL in source zones by creating intimate contact between the DNAPL and nonoscale iron particles. SITE is also investigating the use of the Triad Closure Site Characterization and mass flux modeling. For additional information contact Michele Simon 513/569-7469.

Roosevelt Mills Demonstration

Phase 1 of a SITE study was completed that performed investigating the feasibility of applying the DUOX™ chemical oxidation technology to chlorinated solvent contaminated media at the Roosevelt Mills site in Vernon, Connecticut. The DUOX technology, developed by researchers at the Environmental Research Institute (ERI) at the University of Connecticut claims to provide a cost-effective, in-situ oxidation process to neutralize chlorinated organic chemicals. The DUOX technology utilizes a combination of two types of oxidants to destroy unsaturated chlorinated solvents. The oxidants belong to the persulfate and permanganate families of inorganic compounds. Phase 1 SITE study consisted of: (1) a site characterization within and outside the Roosevelt Mills building to identify chlorinated source material and characterize the extent of the dissolved phase plume, and (2) a laboratory treatability study to evaluate the effectiveness of the DUOX™ technology on the impacted media at the site. The study showed that the remediation of the VOCs-contaminated soil and groundwater by in-situ chemical oxidation using sodium persulfate and/or potassium permanganate is feasible at the Roosevelt Mills site. However, the aquifer and fill matrices have relatively low demand for the oxidants. Thus the use of the dual oxidation (DUOX) process to decrease soil oxidant demand before KMnO4 injection is of little merit. However, the use of the DUOX process with an emphasis on persulfate injection for contaminant oxidation followed by minimal permanganate injection (if necessary) to polish off remaining non-oxidized chlorinated ethenes is the preferred option at this site and will be demonstrated in this study.

Based on the Phase 1 results and additional field data collected at the site, the field implementation of the chemical oxidation test will start in the Spring of 2005. Monitoring will occur before, during and after oxidant application. Eight additional monitoring wells will be installed. Three existing bedrock wells will also be used to monitor oxidant presence in the bedrock and surface water. For additional information contact Paul Randall 513/569-7673.

Monitoring & Measurement XRF Demonstration

The first SITE MMT demonstration of X-Rat fluorescence (XRF) occurred in 1995, when six technologies were evaluated. Although XRF spectrometry is now considered a mature technology for elemental chemical analysis, field-portable XRF instruments have evolved considerable over the past 10 years, and the models that participated in the original demonstration are no longer manufactured. Advances in electronics and data processing, coupled with new X-ray tube source technology, have produced substantial improvements in the precision and speed of analysis of field-portable XRF instrumentation.

This demonstration will evaluate the current state of the art in XRF technology. See pages 58 - 60 for the list of the 10 developers that will participate in the current XRF demonstration. This demonstration will take place at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida during the week of January 24, 2005. If you have questions about the SITE Monitoring and Measurement Technology Program please contact Dr. Steve Billets, (702) 798-2232, billets.stephen@epa.gov.

SITE Program Field Demonstration of an Innovative Capping Technology at the Navy’s Dodge Pond Site in Niantic, CT

Bauxite, a raw mineral ore, has been found to be capable of sequestering a broad variety of heavy metals, including Hg, As, Cr, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Ni. Due to its unique surface properties, bauxite is able to sequester both cationic and oxy-anionic forms of the metals through a combination of adsorption, absorption, ion exchange, and precipitation. Because many contaminated sediments contain multiple metal pollutants, capping with bauxite mineral is an attractive option. In addition, bauxite has been found to be non-toxic to various aquatic organisms, including benthic amphipods, zooplankton, and fish.

The Department of Defense's (DoD) Environmental Security Technologies Certification Program (ESTCP) and U.S. EPA's SITE Program have decided to jointly sponsor a field demonstration of the bauxite technology at a contaminated sediment site. DoD and ESTCP are sponsoring the purchase of the bauxite, installation of the cap, mass flux measurements using a benthic flux device developed by Navy's SPAWAR Division, and a fish tissue study. EPA will sponsor the technology evaluation process. For additional information contact Paul Randall 513/569-7673.

Anaerobic Bioreactor Technology Demonstration

Meetings were held during August 9 - 12, 2004 to initiate the SITE demonstration activities for the Intermittent Up-Flow Anaerobic Bioreactor (IUFAB) Technology Demonstration. The participants were the U.S. EPA, the U.S. Navy and their contractors. They met to discuss the demonstration planning, results of the bench-scale verification study and the site selection for the preferred demonstration. The recovered product is Navy Special Fuel Oil that is contaminated with PCBs. Recovery rate at Oscar pier is 320 gallons per month. All parties agreed that the Oscar 2 Pier site is the preferred location. For additional information contact George T. Moore 513/569-7991.

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