EPA 540-R-95/536a
Capsule: DARAMEND™ Bioremediation Technology
GRACE Bioremediation Technologies
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Capsule: DARAMEND™ Bioremediation Technology
GRACE Bioremediation Technologies (96K)
ABSTRACT
SITE Technology Capsule
DARAMEND™ Bioremediation Technology
GRACE Bioremediation Technologies
EPA 540-R-95/536a
February 1997
Grace Dearborn's DARAMEND Bioremediation Technology was developed to treat soils/sediment
contaminated with organic contaminants using solid-phase organic amendments.
The amendments increase the soil's ability to supply biologically available
water/nutrients to microorganisms and bind pollutants to reduce the acute toxicity
of the soil's aqueous phase. Prior to technology application, soils are screened
approximately to 10 cm in diameter to remove any debris. The technology can
be applied either in-situ or ex-situ. Application involves the mixing of soils
with amendments to a depth of 0.6m. Amended soils are then irrigated/tilled
to encourage microbial growth and metabolic activity until target compounds
are reduced below regulatory action levels. A soil cover may be used to control
soil moisture and run-on/off. The soil cover also has the effect of maintaining
elevated soil temperatures negating the usual problems experienced when applying
bioremediation systems in cold climates. This technology was demonstrated at
the Domtar Wood Preserving Facility, Trenton, Ontario, Canada, during an eleven-month
period from October 1993 to September 1994 using soil contaminated with polyaromatic
hydrocarbons (PAH) and chlorinated phenols. The developers claimed 95% reduction
in total PAHs and total chlorophenols. Demonstration soil sampling revealed
that PAH's were reduced from 1,710 mg/kg to 98 mg/kg (94.3%), total chlorophenols
were reduced from 352 mg/kg to 43 mg/kg (87.8%), and total recoverable petroleum
hydrocarbons were reduced from 7,300 mg/kg to 932 mg/kg (87.3%). The technology
also reduced soil toxicity to earthworms and plant seeds.
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Posted February 26, 1999
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