|
EPA 540/F-93/502
Electron Beam Treatment for the Removal of Benzene
and Toluene from Aqueous Streams and Sludge
Florida International University and the University of Miami
This document is available in the Adobe Acrobat PDF
Format.
Click here
for information about Portable Document File (PDF) Formats.
or
Click here
to directly download the Acrobat Reader.
(To view the PDF, it is recommended that you
use the latest version of Acrobat Reader.)
Electron Beam Treatment for the Removal of Benzene
and Toluene from Aqueous Streams and Sludge Florida International University
and the University of Miami (16K)
ABSTRACT
Electron Beam Treatment for the Removal of Benzene and Toluene from Aqueous
Streams and Sludge
Florida International University and the University of Miami Emerging Technology
Bulletin
EPA 540/F-93/502
April 1993
The electron accelerator utilized in this treatment process has a potential
of 1.5 MeV, rated from 0 to 50 mA, providing radiation doses of 0-850 krad (0-8.5
kGy). The reactive transients initiate thousands of chemical reactions capable
of destroying hazardous compounds in aqueous solution, in most cases, mineralizing
them to carbon dioxide, water, and salt. The process is essentially pH independent
in the range 3-11. No residual sludge is formed and no pretreatment is necessary.
The reaction by-products are formed at relatively low concentration and are
non-toxic. This process has demonstrated the ability to treat complex mixtures
of hazardous chemicals in drinking water, groundwater, wastewater, sludge, and
water containing up to 5 percent suspended solids. It has been shown to be effective
in removing numerous organic contaminants. The removal of benzene and toluene
from aqueous solution has been evaluated as a function of solute concentration,
absorbed dose, pH, and total solids content. For both benzene and toluene, the
sum of the reaction by-products identified, as well as any unreacted solute,
accounted for less than 9 percent of the total carbon mass balance for benzene
and less than 2 percent of the total carbon mass balance for toluene at an absorbed
dose of 200 krad.
Back to SITE Home Page
Posted February 26, 1999
|
