U.S. EPA Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) Program
In Situ Electroacoustic Soil Decontamination (ESD)
Battelle Memorial Institute

Abstract

The patented in situ ESD technology removes heavy metals from soils through direct current electrical and acoustic fields. Direct current facilitates liquid transport through soils, and produces ion transfer, development of pH gradients, electrolysis, oxidation/reduction, and heat generation. The acoustic field enhances waste dewatering and leaching; the mechanism is not fully understood. The technology consists of an anode and cathode at opposite ends of the treatment zone, with the acoustic source in the middle. Loosely-held cations move toward the cathode, taking water with them; anions move toward the anode. The technology was accepted into the Emerging Technology Program in 1988. Results of a 1-year test indicate that ESD is technically feasible for removing inorganic species such as zinc and cadmium from clay soils; it is only marginally effective for hydrocarbon removal. A modified ESD process has been developed, but not tested, for hydrocarbon removal.

Posted July 12, 1999

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