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U.S. EPA Superfund Innovative Technology
Evaluation (SITE) Program Subsurface
Volatilization and Ventilation System (SVVS)
Billings and Associates, Inc. (BAI)
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U.S. EPA Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation
(SITE) Program
Subsurface Volatilization and Ventilation System (SVVS) Billings and Associates,
Inc. (BAI)
ABSTRACT
BAI developed the SVVS process to treat semivolatile and volatile organic
contaminants (VOCs) in subsurface soils and groundwater. Vapor extraction removes
VOCs from the subsurface, especially during the early phases of treatment. Biostimulation,
which degrades less volatile and more-tightly sorbed contaminants, becomes the
dominant process in later phases of remediation. The developer claims that system
off-gases can be treated by BAI's Biological Emission Control (BEC)® biofilters,
alone or in combination with carbon; this claim was not evaluated during the
1-year demonstration at the Electro-Voice, Inc. site in Buchanan, Michigan.
SVVS achieved an 80.6 percent reduction in the sum of seven critical VOCs: benzene,
toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylenes (BTEX), plus trichloroethene, tetrachloroethene,
and 1,1-dichloroethene in the soil. The lack of detectable contaminant concentrations
in the groundwater preclude any evaluation of the system's performance on groundwater.
Sampling results during three system shut-downs indicate that biodegradation
was occurring, especially as remediation proceeds.
Posted February 16, 2000
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