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Conference Summary
National Antibiotic Resistance
Monitoring System for Enteric Bacteria
Cheri N. Holmes* and Tom M. Chiller*
*Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Suggested
citation for this article
National Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS)–enteric bacteria
is a collaboration by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC),
the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the Center for Veterinary Medicine
(FDA-CVM), and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research
Services (USDA-ARS). NARMS was established in 1996 and monitors antimicrobial
drug resistance in Campylobacter, Escherichia coli O157:H7,
Enterococcus, non-Typhi Salmonella, Salmonella Typhi,
and Shigella.
The 2004 meeting was held March 4–5 in Decatur, Georgia, and hosted by
the Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial and
Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, CDC. The meeting
highlighted data from scientific studies and surveillance for antimicrobial
drug resistance in the United States and abroad with enteric bacteria
isolated from humans, animals, and retail foods. Approximately 180 participants
from 14 countries, representing 71 organizations, attended the meeting.
The organizations included international and national public health agencies,
state and local health departments, public health laboratories, industry
consumer groups, and academic institutions from Australia, Canada, Cameroon,
China, Denmark, Europe, Italy, Japan, Philippines, Poland, Thailand, the
United Kingdom, the United States, and Vietnam.
The meeting began with a World Health Organization expert's summarization
of a recent workshop on nonhuman antimicrobial drug use and antimicrobial
drug resistance. Scientific assessment and risk management of antimicrobial
drug use in agriculture and human and veterinary medicine were examined.
A plenary session on the human health consequences of antimicrobial drug
resistance consisted of two presentations from the United States and two
presentations from Denmark.
The results of a study conducted by CDC that found higher rates of hospitalization
and death in resistant Salmonella infection, as compared to susceptible
ones, were presented. The results of another CDC study that found higher
frequencies of bloodstream infection and hospitalization with resistant
Salmonella infections, as compared to susceptible ones, were presented.
A presentation from the Statens Serum Institut in Denmark highlighted
the association between flouroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter
infections, as compared to susceptible ones, and a higher frequency of
invasive illness, hospitalization, and death. A second presentation demonstrated
increased death rates in resistant S. Typhimurium infections, as
compared to susceptible ones. Other speakers highlighted emerging resistance
to clinically important antimicrobial drugs, environmental studies on
antimicrobial drug resistance, antimicrobial drug resistance in commensal
bacteria, partner perspectives on antimicrobial drug resistance, international
perspectives on antimicrobial drug resistance, and NARMS educational activities.
A presentation of the "GET SMART: Know When Antibiotics Work on the
Farm" campaign highlighted educational efforts to promote the appropriate
use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine. The campaign currently includes
an interactive Web-based program on aspects of microbiology, pharmacology,
infectious disease, and public health for veterinary students and veterinarians
who participate in continuing education programs. The conference also
included brief summaries of three recent outbreaks of multidrug- resistant
S. Typhimurium DT104 R-type, which has become a common strain of
Salmonella isolated from humans and was resistant to ampicillin,
chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulphonamides, and tetracyclines. More
information about NARMS and antimicrobial resistance can be found at www.cdc.gov/NARMS.
Suggested citation
for this article:
Holmes CN, Chiller
TM. National antibiotic resistance monitoring system for enteric bacteria.
Emerg Infect Dis [serial on the Internet]. 2004 Nov [date cited].
Available from http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol10no11/04-0665.htm
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