What are the Various Types of Marketing Research? All marketing research falls into two basic categories: secondary and primary. Secondary research involves literature searches, article reviews and analysis of existing, available data. While secondary research is limited to the information you have on hand, it is usually much cheaper than primary research and can be done by small businesses themselves. There are two general types of primary research. Qualitative research is used for developing new ideas or to get a "gut feeling" for a given subject or problem. Quantitative research primarily involves surveys based on representative samples where data is collected using mail, telephone or personal interviews. Results from quantitative studies can be projected to entire populations and therefore used in predicting.