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Final Effluent Guidelines
Plan for 2004/2005 Effluent GuidelinesEffluent limitations guidelines and standards are established by EPA for different non-municipal industries. These guidelines are based on the degree of pollutant reduction that can be attained by an industry when they apply recommended pollutant control technologies.The Clean Water Act requires EPA to specifically develop effluent guidelines that represent the following:
EPA is developing regulations under section §316(b) of the Clean
Water Act. Section §316(b) requires that the location, design,
construction and capacity of cooling water intake structures reflect the
best technology available for minimizing adverse environmental impact.
More than 1,500 industrial facilities use large volumes of cooling water
from lakes, rivers, estuaries or oceans to cool their plants, including
steam electric power plants, pulp and paper makers, chemical manufacturers,
petroleum refiners, and manufacturers of primary metals like iron and
steel and aluminum. Cooling water intake structures cause adverse environmental impact by pulling large numbers of fish and shellfish or their eggs into a power plant's or factory's cooling system. There, the organisms may be killed or injured by heat, physical stress, or by chemicals used to clean the cooling system. Larger organisms may be killed or injured when they are trapped against screens at the front of an intake structure.
Related InformationPublicly owned treatment
works (POTWs) Wastewater Pretreatment Program Secondary Treatment Standards - Describes how secondary treatment standards provide the basis for technology-based effluent limits for POTWs. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program U.S. EPA NPDES Permit
Writer's Manual [PDF Format] Estimated Per Capita Fish Consumption in the United States (EPA-821-C-02-003) (August 2002) (PDF, 3.3MB) This report displays daily average per capita fish consumption estimates that may be used in estimating risk to human health from the consumption of contaminated freshwater and estuarine finfish and shellfish species.
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