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Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS)Introduction | Questionnaire | Methodology | Technical Assistance | GYTS - A Brief History IntroductionThe World Health Organization (WHO)* and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) developed the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) to track tobacco use among young people across countries using a common methodology and core questionnaire. The GYTS surveillance system is intended to enhance the capacity of countries to design, implement, and evaluate tobacco control and prevention programs. Funding for the GYTS has been provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Canadian Public Health Association,* National Cancer Institute, UNICEF,* and the World Health Organization-Tobacco Free Initiative.* QuestionnaireGYTS is composed of "core" country-approved questions designed to gather data on the following seven topics: Prevalence of cigarette smoking and other tobacco use among young people
Knowledge and attitudes of young people towards cigarette smoking
Role of the media and advertising on young people’s use of cigarettes
Access to cigarettes
Tobacco-related school curriculum
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)
Cessation of cigarette smoking
Methodology
Technical AssistanceWHO's Tobacco Free Initiative (TFI) and CDC—provide the following technical assistance to the GYTS: TFI/WHO:
OSH/CDC:
Key Contact: GYTS — A Brief History1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 1998In December 1998, representatives from six countries (China, Fiji, Jordan, Sri Lanka, Ukraine, and Venezuela) met in Geneva with TFI/WHO and OSH/CDC to develop the GYTS "core" questionnaire and methodology. 1999In March 1999, a GYTS workshop was held in Thailand with representatives from eight countries (Barbados, China, Jordan, Russian Federation, Sri Lanka, Ukraine, Venezuela, and Zimbabwe). At this workshop, TFI/WHO and OSH/CDC trained the country research coordinators in the methodology and logistics for conducting their GYTS. In April 1999, the second GYTS training workshop was held in Geneva for research coordinators from Costa Rica, Fiji, and South Africa. In September 1999, a third GYTS workshop was held in Singapore with two purposes: For the 11 countries who had been trained and had initiated their GYTS, training was held for analysis and reporting of their GYTS data. For research coordinators from Philippines, Poland, and Singapore training was held on the methodology and logistics for conducting the GYTS. In November 1999, a fourth GYTS training workshop was held in Margarita Island, Venezuela, for research coordinators from Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic, and Mexico. 2000In January 2000, 12 countries had completed their GYTS — Barbados, China, Costa Rica, Fiji, Jordan, Poland, Russian Federation, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Ukraine, Venezuela, and Zimbabwe. Venezuela had written their country report. In February 2000, a fifth GYTS training workshop was held in Goa, India, for research coordinators from India (six states), Indonesia, Macau, Nepal, and Thailand. In April 2000, a sixth GYTS training workshop was held in Capetown, South Africa, for research coordinators from Botswana, Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Uganda. In April 2000, a seventh GYTS training workshop was held in Barbados for research coordinators from Argentina, Bahamas, Bolivia, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Montserrat, Peru, Suriname, and Trinidad & Tobago. In June 2000, YTS training was held in Leesburg, Virginia, for the following territories: Commonwealth of Northern Mariana Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, American Samoa, Palau, and Guam. In July 2000, GYTS results were published in the WHO Bulletin showing data from the 12 countries that had completed the GYTS. Findings show tobacco use ranges from a high of one-third to a low of 10%. The majority of current smokers want to stop smoking; however, very few have ever attended a cessation program. In most countries the majority of young people report having seen ads for cigarettes from multimedia outlets. Anti-tobacco advertising is rare. ETS exposure is very high in all countries. The majority of young people have been taught in school about the dangers of smoking. WHO Bulletin, 2000:78(7): 868–876. In August 2000, a number of countries presented their GYTS data during the 11th World Conference in Chicago. In August 2000, an eighth GYTS training workshop was held in Barbados for research coordinators from Ecuador, St. Lucia, Antigua & Barbuda, Panama, British Virgin Islands, and St. Vincent & the Grenadines. In November 2000, a ninth GYTS training workshop was held in Ottawa for Research Coordinators from Cuba and Haiti. In December 2000, a GYTS data analysis and dissemination workshop was held in San Francisco for research coordinators from countries that had completed their GYTS. Countries represented included Antigua and Barbuda, Argentine, Bolivia, Costa Rica, Fiji, Ghana, Grenada, India (3 states), Nepal, Peru, Philippines, Russian Federation, Singapore, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Ukraine, Venezuela, and Zimbabwe. In December 2000, Guatemala research coordinator trained for GYTS in Atlanta, Georgia, USA. 2001In January 2001, a tenth GYTS training workshop was held in Rabat, Morocco, for the EMRO-WHO region for research coordinators from Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Lebanon, Morocco, Pakistan, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, and United Arab Emirates. In February 2001, an eleventh GYTS training workshop was held in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso for the AFRO-WHO region for research coordinators from Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, and Chad. In March 2001, a twelfth GYTS training workshop was held in Jaipur, India, for the SEARO-WHO region for research coordinators from Andra Pradesh, Delhi, Rajasthan, Uttaranchal, Uttar Pradesh, and Myanmar. In April 2001, Uruguay Research Coordinator trained for GYTS in Atlanta, Georgia, USA. In June 2001, Kuwait Research Coordinator trained for GYTS in Cairo, Egypt. In June 2001, a fourteenth GYTS training workshop was held in Harare, Zimbabwe, for the AFRO-WHO region. Possible countries for training include Eritrea, Gambia, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Swaziland, Togo, and Zambia. In July 2001, Yemen and the Gambia research coordinators trained for GYTS in Geneva, Switzerland. In August 2001, GYTS data analysis workshop was held in Barbados for PAHO — WHO region. Countries participating included Antigua & Barbuda, Dominicia, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Montserrat, St. Lucia, St. Vincent & the Grenadines, and Trinidad & Tobago. Also, GYTS training was held for Anguilla, Barbados (repeat GYTS), British Virgin Islands, and St. Kitts and Nevis. In September 2001, research coordinators from Bulgaria, Czech. Republic, Georgia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Turkey were trained for GYTS in Gneeva, Switzerland. 2002In February 2002, a data analysis and training workshop was held in Costa Rica for Cuba and Haiti. Martinique was trained for GYTS implementation during this workshop and plans were finalized for the repeat GYTS in Costa Rica. In May 2002, A GYTS research coordinator from Sarov, Russian Federation was trained in Atlanta, Georgia. In June, 2002, a GYTS analysis and training workshop was held for the WPRO-WHO region. Countries participating in the analysis workshop include China, Commonwealth of Northern Mariana Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, Macau, Palau, Philippines, and Singapore. Countries participating in the training include Cambodia, China (repeat), Cook Islands, Hong Kong, Laos, Malaysia, Mongolia, Solomon Islands, and Viet Nam. In July 1–6, 2002, a GYTS analysis and training workshop is planned for the AFRO-WHO region. Countries participating in the analysis workshop included Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Mauritania, TChad, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Swaziland, Ghana, Botswana, The Gambia, Lesotho, Uganda, and Zambia. Countries participating in the training workshop include: Cote d’Ivoire, Gabon, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Seychelles, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Guinea, Mauritius, RDC, Rwanda, Togo, and Equitorial Guinea. In July 21–26, 2002, a GYTS analysis and training workshop was held for the EMRO-WHO region. Countries participating in the analysis workshop included Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco, Gaza Strip/West Bank, Saudia Arabia, Syria, Sudan, Tunisia, and United Arab Emirates. Countries participating in the training included: Oman, Qatar, Libya, Djibouti, Pakistan, and Somalia. In October 1–4, 2002, a GYTS training workshop was held for the EURO-WHO region. Countries participating included Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Slovakia, FYR Macedonia, and Serbia and Montenegro. In October 7–11, 2002, a GYTS data analysis workshop was held for the EURO-WHO region. Countries participating included Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine. In November 11–15, 2002, a GYTS data analysis and training workshop was held for the PAHO-WHO region. Countries participating in the analysis workshop included Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela. Countries participating in the training workshop included Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua. In December
9–13, 2002, a GYTS data analysis and training workshop was held for the
SEARO–WHO region. Countries participating in the analysis workshop included
India, Nepal, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka. Countries participating in the
training workshop included Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, and Maldives.
In April 22–25, 2003, a GYTS training workshop was held for the EURO-WHO region. Countries participating included Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Romania, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Moldova, Belarus, Russian Federation, and Ukraine. In May 19–23, 2003, a GYTS analysis workshop was held for the EURO-WHO region. Countries participating included Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Slovenia, Croatia, and Slovakia. In September 1–5, 2003, a GYTS data analysis and training workshop was held for the PAHO-WHO region. Countries participating in the analysis workshop included Barbados, Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico, Paraguay, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Countries participating in the training workshop included Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Suriname, and Trinidad and Tobago. In September 23–26, 2003, a GYTS analysis workshop was held for the EURO-WHO region. Countries participating included Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro, and Russian Federation. In October 13–17, 2003, a GYTS data analysis and training workshop was held for the EMRO-WHO region. Countries participating in the analysis workshop included Bahrain, Iran, Libya, Yemen, Oman, Jordan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, and Pakistan. Countries participating in the training workshop included Somalia, Qatar, Afghanistan, Iraq, Egypt, and Djibouti. In October 27–31, 2003, a GYTS data analysis and training workshop was held for the WPRO-WHO region. Countries participating in the analysis workshop included Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Vietnam, Cook Islands, Hong Kong, Mongolia, and Macao. Countries participating in the training workshop included China, Fiji, and the Philippines.
January 6-8, 2004, a GYTS training workshop was held in Taipei, Taiwan for Taiwan and representatives from APACT countries. February 23-28, 2004, a GYTS analysis workshop was held in Bangkok, Thailand for the SEARO-WHO region. Countries participating included Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. March 13-20, 2004, a GYTS data analysis workshop was held in Copenhagen, Denmark for the EURO-WHO region. Countries participating included: Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Republic of Moldova, Russian Federation (Sarov), and Turkey. April 25-28, 2004, a GYTS data analysis and training workshop was held in Manila, Philippines for the WPRO-WHO region. Countries participating in the analysis workshop included: China, Fiji, and Malaysia. Countries participating in the training workshop included: Samoa, Papa New Guinea, Tonga, and Vanuatu. June 12-17, 2004, a GYTS data analysis workshop was held in Copenhagen, Denmark for the EURO-WHO region. Countries participating included: Albania, Armenia, Romania, Tajikistan, and Ukraine. July 2004, a GYTS data analysis workshop is planned for the AFRO-WHO region to be held in Brazzaville, The Congo. Countries participating include: Benin, Cote d’Ivoire, Ethiopia, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, RDC, Tanzania, Togo, Seychelles, and Zimbabwe. September 2004, a GYTS training workshop in planned for the AFRO-WHO region to be held in Brazzaville, The Congo. Countries participating include: Algeria, Burundi, Cape Verde, Congo, Eritrea, Madagascar, Sao Tome Principe, and Comoros.
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