National Growth and Health Study (NGHS)
This study has been completed.
Purpose
To determine if the Black-white differences in the development of obesity in pubescent females were due to differences in
psychosocial, socioeconomic and other environmental factors. Also, to determine whether differences in the development of
obesity led to Black-white differences in other coronary heart disease risk factors, such as blood pressure and serum lipids.
Condition
|
Cardiovascular Diseases Heart Diseases Obesity Coronary Disease Hypertension
|
MedlinePlus related topics: Circulatory Disorders; Coronary Disease; Heart Diseases; Heart Diseases--Prevention; High Blood Pressure; Obesity
Study Type: Observational
Study Design: Natural History
Further Study Details:
Study start: September 1985;
Study completion: March 2000
BACKGROUND: Although not all scientists agree that obesity is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease, it may
be a strong univariate predictor of coronary heart disease, and impacts on coronary heart disease through at least some of
its relationships with other risk factors: positive association with blood pressure, inverse association with high density
lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), positive association with triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDLC),
and a positive association with hyperglycemia and diabetes. A number of these have been shown to be major coronary heart
disease risk factors. Prevention of obesity, or weight reduction towards desirable body weight may reduce the incidence of
coronary heart disease and some of its risk factors. There is evidence to suggest that once obesity begins and/or advances
in childhood, it will track into adulthood, with a reasonably high level of certainty. Obesity becomes progressively more
difficult to treat with maturation to adulthood. Thus, better understanding of the pathophysiology of obesity in late childhood
and early adolescence should, in the long-run, provide the basis for effective prevention or intervention programs in order
to have a long-range impact upon the consequence of obesity. The age group 9 and 10 at entry has been selected to assure
that many of the individuals are enrolled prior to puberty, and followed through this transition period when obesity becomes
more apparent among Black adolescent females than among white.
Support for this research grew out of recommendations made at the Working Conference on Coronary Heart Disease in Black Populations
held in September 1983 and sponsored by the NHLBI. The group recommended this research to identify the physiological and/or
behavioral factors which contribute to obesity in Black females. In addition, the 1981 Report of the Working Group on Arteriosclerosis
of the NHLBI stated that research is needed to characterize the behaviors that create and maintain caloric imbalance. The
initiative was approved by the September 1984 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Advisory Council and the Request for Proposals
was released in November 1984.
The NGHS I was initiated in 1985 as a contract-supported program with three field centers and a coordinating center. Annual
exams were conducted at baseline and through the years of follow-up. The study was renewed by means of the cooperative agreement
mechanism in 1992 as the NGHS II to permit two additional years of follow-up exams. The study was again renewed in 1994 as
NGHS III to continue annual examinations.
DESIGN NARRATIVE: In this longitudinal study, there were a baseline examination and annual examinations. Data collected included:
physical examination; anthropometric measurements; dietary information including food pattern and nutrient intake; physical
activity; lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein profiles; family socioeconomic status; and psychosocial information. The
study was renewed twice to continue the longitudinal investigation until the subjects reached the age of 19 to 20. Following
the girls until that age allowed the documentation of the transition in risk factors when Black girls no longer have a cardiovascular
risk advantage and to study the factors surrounding the transition. The longer follow-up also allowed for studies on the
influence of smoking on body weight and the relationship of adolescent pregnancy to subsequent adiposity development, body
fat patterning, blood pressure, and blood lipids.
The study, which ends in March, 2000, is currently completing its ninth and final year of follow-up exams. Participation
rates have been excellent, with 87 percent of the original cohort returning for visits through the eighth year of follow-up.
Eligibility
Genders Eligible for Study:
Male
No eligibility criteria
Location
Information
Study chairs or principal investigators
Bruce Barton, Maryland Medical Research Institute
Paul Canner, Maryland Medical Research Institute
Stephen Daniels, Children's Hospital Medical Center
John Morrison, University of Cincinnati
Z.I. Sabry, University of California at Berkeley
Z.I. Sabry, University of California at Berkeley
George Schreiber, Westat, Inc.
George Schreiber, Westat, Inc.
More Information
Publications
Schumann BC, Striegel-Moore RH, McMahon RP, Waclawiw MA, Morrison JA, Schreiber GB. Psychometric properties of the Self-Perception
Profile for Children in a biracial cohort of adolescent girls: the NHLBI Growth and Health Study. J Pers Assess. 1999 Oct;73(2):260-75.
Morrison JA, Sprecher DL, Barton BA, Waclawiw MA, Daniels SR. Overweight, fat patterning, and cardiovascular disease risk
factors in black and white girls: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study. J Pediatr. 1999 Oct;135(4):458-64.
Kimm SY, Pasagian-Macaulay A, Aston CE, McAllister AE, Glynn NW, Kamboh MI, Ferrell RE. Correlates of lipoprotein(a) levels
in a biracial cohort of young girls: the NHLBI Growth and Health Study. J Pediatr. 1999 Aug;135(2 Pt 1):169-76.
Striegel-Moore RH, Morrison JA, Schreiber G, Schumann BC, Crawford PB, Obarzanek E. Emotion-induced eating and sucrose intake
in children: the NHLBI Growth and Health Study. Int J Eat Disord. 1999 May;25(4):389-98.
Patterson ML, Stern S, Crawford PB, McMahon RP, Similo SL, Schreiber GB, Morrison JA, Waclawiw MA. Sociodemographic factors
and obesity in preadolescent black and white girls: NHLBI's Growth and Health Study. J Natl Med Assoc. 1997 Sep;89(9):594-600.
Sprecher DL, Morrison JA, Simbartl LA, Schreiber GB, Sabry ZI, Biro FM, Barton BA. Lipoprotein and apolipoprotein differences
in black and white girls. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med.
1997 Jan;151(1):84-90.
Daniels SR, Obarzanek E, Barton BA, Kimm SY, Similo SL, Morrison JA. Sexual maturation and racial differences in blood pressure
in girls: the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study. J Pediatr. 1996 Aug;129(2):208-13.
Kimm SY, Obarzanek E, Barton BA, Aston CE, Similo SL, Morrison JA, Sabry ZI, Schreiber GB, McMahon RP. Race, socioeconomic
status, and obesity in 9- to 10-year-old girls: the NHLBI Growth and Health Study. Ann Epidemiol. 1996 Jul;6(4):266-75.
Schreiber GB, Robins M, Striegel-Moore R, Obarzanek E, Morrison JA, Wright DJ. Weight modification efforts reported by black
and white preadolescent girls: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study. Pediatrics. 1996 Jul;98(1):63-70.
Morrison JA, Sprecher D, McMahon RP, Simon J, Schreiber GB, Khoury PR. Obesity and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in
black and white 9- and 10-year-old girls: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study. Metabolism.
1996 Apr;45(4):469-74.
Biro FM, Daniels SR, Similo SL, Barton BA, Payne GH, Morrison JA. Differential classification of blood pressure by fourth
and fifth Korotkoff phases in school-aged girls. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study. Am
J Hypertens. 1996 Mar;9(3):242-7.
Crawford PB, Obarzanek E, Schreiber GB, Barrier P, Goldman S, Frederick MM, Sabry ZI. The effects of race, household income,
and parental education on nutrient intakes of 9- and 10-year-old girls. NHLBI Growth and Health Study. Ann Epidemiol. 1995
Sep;5(5):360-8.
Obarzanek E, Schreiber GB, Crawford PB, Goldman SR, Barrier PM, Frederick MM, Lakatos E. Energy intake and physical activity
in relation to indexes of body fat: the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study. Am J Clin Nutr.
1994 Jul;60(1):15-22.
Morrison JA, Barton B, Biro FM, Sprecher DL, Falkner F, Obarzanek E. Sexual maturation and obesity in 9- and 10-year-old
black and white girls: the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study. J Pediatr. 1994 Jun;124(6):889-95.
Crawford PB, Obarzanek E, Morrison J, Sabry ZI. Comparative advantage of 3-day food records over 24-hour recall and 5-day
food frequency validated by observation of 9- and 10-year-old girls. J Am Diet Assoc. 1994 Jun;94(6):626-30.
Campaigne BN, Morrison JA, Schumann BC, Falkner F, Lakatos E, Sprecher D, Schreiber GB. Indexes of obesity and comparisons
with previous national survey data in 9- and 10-year-old black and white girls: the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
Growth and Health Study. J Pediatr. 1994 May;124(5 Pt 1):675-80.
Simon JA, Obarzanek E, Daniels SR, Frederick MM. Dietary cation intake and blood pressure in black girls and white girls.
Am J Epidemiol. 1994 Jan 15;139(2):130-40.
Simon JA, Schreiber GB, Crawford PB, Frederick MM, Sabry ZI. Income and racial patterns of dietary vitamin C intake among
black and white girls. Public Health Rep. 1993 Nov-Dec;108(6):760-4.
[No authors listed] Obesity and cardiovascular disease risk factors in black and white girls: the NHLBI Growth and Health
Study. Am J Public Health. 1992 Dec;82(12):1613-20.
Brown KM, McMahon RP, Biro FM, Crawford P, Schreiber GB, Similo SL, Waclawiw M, Striegel-Moore R. Changes in self-esteem
in black and white girls between the ages of 9 and 14 years. The NHLBI Growth and Health Study. J Adolesc Health. 1998 Jul;23(1):7-19.
Kimm SY, Barton BA, Berhane K, Ross JW, Payne GH, Schreiber GB. Self-esteem and adiposity in black and white girls: the NHLBI
Growth and Health Study. Ann Epidemiol. 1997 Nov;7(8):550-60.
McNutt SW, Hu Y, Schreiber GB, Crawford PB, Obarzanek E, Mellin L. A longitudinal study of the dietary practices of black
and white girls 9 and 10 years old at enrollment: the NHLBI Growth and Health Study. J Adolesc Health. 1997 Jan;20(1):27-37.
Simon JA, Morrison JA, Similo SL, McMahon RP, Schreiber GB. Correlates of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in Black girls
and White girls: the NHLBI Growth and Health Study. Am J Public Health. 1995 Dec;85(12):1698-702.
Striegel-Moore RH, Schreiber GB, Pike KM, Wilfley DE, Rodin J. Drive for thinness in black and white preadolescent girls.
Int J Eat Disord. 1995 Jul;18(1):59-69.
Morrison JA, Payne G, Barton BA, Khoury PR, Crawford P. Mother-daughter correlations of obesity and cardiovascular disease
risk factors in black and white households: the NHLBI Growth and Health Study. Am J Public Health. 1994 Nov;84(11):1761-7.
Wang MC, Moore EC, Crawford PB, Hudes M, Sabry ZI, Marcus R, Bachrach LK. Influence of pre-adolescent diet on quantitative
ultrasound measurements of the calcaneus in young adult women. Osteoporos Int. 1999;9(6):532-5.
Simon JA, Schreiber GB, Crawford PB, Frederick MM, Sabry ZI. Dietary vitamin C and serum lipids in black and white girls.
Epidemiology. 1993 Nov;4(6):537-42.
Daniels SR, McMahon RP, Obarzanek E, Waclawiw MA, Similo SL, Biro FM, Schreiber GB, Kimm SY, Morrison JA, Barton BA. Longitudinal
correlates of change in blood pressure in adolescent girls. Hypertension. 1998 Jan;31(1):97-103.
Striegel-Moore RH, Schreiber GB, Lo A, Crawford P, Obarzanek E, Rodin J. Eating disorder symptoms in a cohort of 11 to 16-year-old
black and white girls: the NHLBI growth and health study. Int J Eat Disord. 2000 Jan;27(1):49-66.
Morrison JA, Barton BA, Obarzanek E, Crawford PB, Guo SS, Schreiber GB, Waclawiw M. Racial differences in the sums of skinfolds
and percentage of body fat estimated from impedance in black and white girls, 9 to 19 years of age: the National Heart, Lung,
and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study. Obes Res. 2001 May;9(5):297-305.
Biro FM, McMahon RP, Striegel-Moore R, Crawford PB, Obarzanek E, Morrison JA, Barton BA, Falkner F. Impact of timing of pubertal
maturation on growth in black and white female adolescents: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health
Study. J Pediatr. 2001 May;138(5):636-43.
Kimm SY, Barton BA, Obarzanek E, McMahon RP, Sabry ZI, Waclawiw MA, Schreiber GB, Morrison JA, Similo S, Daniels SR. Racial
divergence in adiposity during adolescence: The NHLBI Growth and Health Study. Pediatrics. 2001 Mar;107(3):E34.
Wu Y, Schreiber GB, Klementowicz V, Biro F, Wright D. Racial differences in accuracy of self-assessment of sexual maturation
among young black and white girls. J Adolesc Health. 2001 Mar;28(3):197-203.
Voorhees CC, Schreiber GB, Schumann BC, Biro F, Crawford PB. Early predictors of daily smoking in young women: the national
heart, lung, and blood institute growth and health study. Prev Med. 2002 Jun;34(6):616-24.
Kimm SY, Glynn NW, Kriska AM, Barton BA, Kronsberg SS, Daniels SR, Crawford PB, Sabry ZI, Liu K. Decline in physical activity
in black girls and white girls during adolescence. N Engl J Med. 2002 Sep 5;347(10):709-15.
Klein DJ, Aronson Friedman L, Harlan WR, Barton BA, Schreiber GB, Cohen RM, Harlan LC, Morrison JA. Obesity and the Development
of Insulin Resistance and Impaired Fasting Glucose in Black and White Adolescent Girls: A longitudinal study. Diabetes Care.
2004 Feb;27(2):378-383.
Study ID Numbers:
1002
Record last reviewed:
August 2004
Record first received:
May 25, 2000
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
NCT00005132Health Authority: United States: Federal Government
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on 2004-10-29