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Research Project:
Mechanism of Aphid Transmission of Plum Pox Virus in the U.S.
Location:
Foreign Disease-Weed Science
Project Number: 1920-22000-028-03
Project Type:
Reimbursable
Start Date: Oct 01, 2001
End Date: Sep 30, 2003
Objective:
Determine transmission efficiency of all major fruit orchard aphids, as well as, aphid species identified during trapping as the most common migratory species in orchards. Determine efficiency of peach to peach, peach to weed, and weed to peach transmission by efficient aphid vectors. Determine the potential for aphids to probe and feed on peach fruits of different ages and to acquire transmissible PPV when probing on infected fruit. Determine transmission efficiency from fruit to peach seedlings. Develop protocols for ultrastructural and immunoelectron microscope studies of PPV-infected peach fruits and seedlings, including leaf, bud, and root tissues. Determine distribution of virus in tissues accessible to aphid probing activities. Identify sites of PPV attachment in aphids and initiate combined ultrastructural and molecular genetic studies of the PPV transmission mechanism.
Approach:
Identify migrating aphids found in stone fruit orchards, produce virus-free colonies at PSU, and test aphid populations for vectoring ability at the quarantine facility at Fort Detrick, MD. Aphid probing behaviors on peach and plum and transmission efficiencies of PPV will be determined. Identify alternate hosts of specific aphids that may serve as potential PPV reservoirs. Transmission efficiencies will be determined from peach leaves and fruits to peach seedlings, peach to peas, peas to peas, and peas back to peach to determine how aphids could affect epidemiology of the disease. A natural and artificial woody and herbaceous host range will be determined using the most efficient aphid vector species. The role of immature and mature fruit will be investigated as a virus inoculum source. Aphid feeding and transmission barriers will be determined as potential control mechanism in stone fruit orchards.
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