| NIOSH research on protecting workers from
proven and possible EMF health risks focuses on:
- RF (radio frequencies) --including broadcast antennas, induction
heaters, and cell telephones
- ELF (extremely low frequencies) --including AC electricity
and video display terminals (VDTs)
- Static Magnetic Fields --including DC electricity .
NIOSH Publications on EMF
Cellular Telephones: What do we know about the radiation they
emit?
PDF only 20
KB (3 pages)
This NIOSH fact sheet answers questions about possible health effects
from the radiation emitted by cellular phones. (1993)
NIOSH Fact Sheet: EMFs in the Workplace
NIOSH Publication No. 96-129 (1996)
En
Español
This fact sheet answers frequently-asked questions about extremely low
frequency (ELF) EMFs in the workplace. This publication can help identify
EMF sources at work and suggests simple steps for reducing exposures.
Questions
and Answers: EMF in the Workplace
DOE Publication No. DOE/GO-10095-218, DE95013123 (1996)
External Link: http://www.niehs.nih.gov/emfrapid/html/Q&A-Workplace.html;
This DOE/NIOSH/NIEHS booklet provides in-depth information about ELF-EMF
exposures in the workplace. It also describes what researchers have learned
about EMFs and identifies some EMF sources in workplaces.
Manual for Measuring Occupational Electric
and Magnetic Field Exposures
NIOSH Publication No. 98-154 (1998)
This technical document is a reference manual for industrial hygienists
and researchers who measure occupational exposures to static and ELF EMF.
NIOSH Publication on Video Display
Terminals
NIOSH Publication No. 99-135 (3rd ed., 1999)
This publication is a collection of NIOSH studies and statements on all
kinds of health effects from working with VDTs, including studies which
found no link between their EMF emissions and reproductive effects.
RF Fields
Cellular Telephones: What do we know about the radiation they
emit?
PDF only 20
KB (3 pages)
This NIOSH fact sheet answers questions about possible health effects
from the radiation emitted by cellular phones. (1993)
OSHA: Radiofrequency/Microwave Radiation
Information on the recognition, evauation, and control of RF/MW
radiation.
External Link: http://www.osha-slc.gov/SLTC/radiofrequencyradiation/index.htmlInform
Federal Communications
Commission (FCC): Health Standards and RF Information
External Link: http://www.fcc.gov/oet/rfsafety/
Information for consumers and broadcasters on wireless communications,
including cellular telephones and amateur radios.
Food and Drug
Administration (FDA): Electronic Products Which Emit Radiation
External Link: http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/comp/eprc.html
Information for consumers and manufacturers on microwave ovens, video
display terminals, etc.
FDA: Consumer Update
on Mobile Phones
External Link: http://www.fda.gov/cellphones/
FDA site with answers to frequently-asked questions about potential health
risks from using mobile telephones and research on this question.
ELF and Static EMF
Risk Assessment and Risk Management Five major evaluations of
the evidence for health risks from exposures to occupational and residential
ELF-EMF have been published since 1998. Three of them were accompanied
by statements on managing EMF exposures and directions for future research.
- Assessment
of Health Effects from Exposure to Power-Line Frequency Electric and
Magnetic Fields
NIH Publication No. 98-3981 (1998)
External Link: http://www.niehs.nih.gov/emfrapid/html/WGReport/WorkingGroup.html
This publication is the findings of a Working Group which evaluated
the scientific evidence on health risks from ELF-EMF. The Working Group
was convened by the federal government's EMF
RAPID (Research and Public Information Dissemination) Program, and
NIOSH participated.
- NIEHS
Report on Health Effects from Exposure to Power-Line Frequency Electric
and Magnetic Fields
NIH Publication No. 99-4493 (1999)
External Link: http://www.niehs.nih.gov/emfrapid/html/EMF_DIR_RPT/Report_18f.htm
This report summarizes the evidence on health risks from ELF-EMF and
makes recommendations to protect the public health. Written by the National
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) at the conclusion
of EMF RAPID program.
- "ELF
Electromagnetic Fields and the Risk of Cancer" by the Advisory Group
on Non-ionising Radiation of the National Radiological Protection Board
NRPB Documents Volume 12, No. 1 (2001)
External Link: http://www.nrpb.org.uk/publications/documents_of_nrpb/abstracts/absd12-1.htm
This British risk evaluation headed by Sir Richard Doll reviews the
evidence on cancer risks from residential and occupational ELF-EMF exposures
which has been published since an earlier NRPB report (1992). The conclusions
and recommendations of the Doll report are posted on the NRPB WEB site,
along with information for ordering the whole report. The Board
of the NRPB issued a Response on its implications for future research
and EMF exposure limits.
- Non-ionizing
Radiation, Part I: Static and Extremely Low Frequency Electric and Magnetic
Fields Summary statement by the International Agency for Research
on Cancer IARC Monographs, Volume 80 (in preparation)
External Link: http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/ocd/mobilphone.html
This June 2001 risk assessment is part of a highly-respected international
program to evaluate all carcinogens. Their conclusions are posted on
the IARC WEB site, where information for ordering the monograph will
appear when it is available.
-
Evaluation of the Possible Risks from Electric and Magnetic Fields (EMFs)
from Power Lines, Internal Wiring, Electrical Occupations and Appliances
(California EMF Program)
External Link: http://www.dhs.ca.gov/ps/deodc/ehib/emf/RiskEvaluation/riskeval.html
Draft document put out for comments by the California Department of
Health Services(2001) This report evaluates the evidence for the risks
of all diseases from exposures to residential and occupation ELF-EMF,
concentrating on more recent studies. It uses a new method of risk assessment,
based on the Bayesian philosophy of science. The California EMF Program
also published Policy
Options in the Face of Possible Risk from Power Frequency Electric and
Magnetic Fields (EMF) (
PDF 76 KB (9 pages) ) which analyzes possible
government actions under different regulatory philosophies, including
a cost-benefit analysis for power line modifications.
OSHA:
Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Radiation
External Link: http://www.osha-slc.gov/SLTC/elfradiation/index.html
Information on the recognition, evauation, and control of ELF radiation.
OSHA:
Video Display Terminals
External Link: http://www.osha-slc.gov/SLTC/computerworkstation/index.html
This page briefly examines the potential hazards and interventions employers
can use to prevent or reduce the potential harmful effects of working
with VDTs.
NIOSH Fact Sheet: EMFs
in the Workplace
NIOSH Publication No. 96-129 (1996)
En
Español
This fact sheet answers frequently-asked questions about extremely low
frequency (ELF) EMFs in the workplace. This publication can help identify
EMF sources at work and suggests simple steps for reducing exposures.
Questions
and Answers: EMF in the Workplace
External Link: http://www.niehs.nih.gov/emfrapid/html/Q&A-Workplace.html;
DOE Publication No. DOE/GO-10095-218, DE95013123 (1996)
This DOE/NIOSH/NIEHS booklet provides in-depth information about ELF-EMF
exposures in the workplace. It also describes what researchers have learned
about EMFs and identifies some EMF sources in workplaces.
NIOSH Documents on ELF-EMF Research
Proceedings of NIOSH/DOE Workshop on "EMF Exposure Assessment and
Epidemiology: Hypotheses, Metrics, and Measurements"
NTIS Publication No. PB 2000-101086 (2000)
PDF only 2,882
KB (192 pages)
This workshop proposed new methods for measuring ELF-EMF exposures and
designs for epidemiologic studies that might explain associations with
cancer and other diseases. These new ideas for health studies came from
hypothesized biophysical mechanisms for ways occupational and residential
EMF might affect the human body.
Manual for Measuring
Occupational Electric and Magnetic Field Exposures
NIOSH Publication No. 98-154 (1998)
This technical document is a reference manual for industrial hygienists
and researchers who measure occupational exposures to static and ELF EMF.
NIOSH Publication
on Video Display Terminals
NIOSH Publication No. 99-135 (3rd ed., 1999)
This publication is a collection of NIOSH studies and statements on all
kinds of health effects from working with VDTs, including studies which
found no link between their EMF emissions and reproductive effects.
EMF Databases
EMF RAPID program: EMF Measurement
Database
External Link: http://www.emf-data.org/
This site contains six databases of EMF measurements taken in homes and
workplaces. The data is thoroughly annotated and can be downloaded
in various forms.
Worker Notification Program
Through the NIOSH Worker Notification Program, NIOSH notifies workers and other stakeholders about the findings of past research studies related to a wide variety of exposures. The links below present archival materials sent to participants in studies related to drycleaning.
Links to Other EMF Sites
EMF RAPID (Research and public information dissemination) program
External Link: http://www.niehs.nih.gov/emfrapid/home.htm
EMF RAPID was a federal program administered by NIEHS and the Department
of Energy, which conducted health effects research and wrote public information
documents from 1994-1999.
OSHA: Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Radiation
External Link: http://www.osha-slc.gov/SLTC/elfradiation/index.html
Information on the recognition, evauation, and control of ELF radiation.
OSHA: Radiofrequency/Microwave Radiation
External Link: http://www.osha-slc.gov/SLTC/radiofrequencyradiation/index.html
Information on the recognition, evauation, and control of RF/MW radiation.
OSHA: Video Display Terminals
External Link: http://www.osha-slc.gov/SLTC/videodisplayterminals/index.html
This page briefly examines the potential hazards and interventions
employers can use to prevent or reduce the potential harmful effects of
working with VDTs.
Federal Communications
Commission (FCC): Health Standards and RF Information
External Link: http://www.fcc.gov/oet/rfsafety
Information for consumers and broadcasters on wireless communications,
including cellular telephones and amateur radios.
World Health Organization (WHO):
International EMF Project
External Link: http://www.who.int/peh-emf/
Provides a collection of resources concerning health effects of exposure
to EMF.
FDA: Consumer
Update on Mobile Phones
External Link: http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/ocd/mobilphone.html
FDA site with answers to frequently-asked questions about potential health
risks from using mobile telephones and research on this question.
Food and Drug
Administration (FDA): Electronic Products Which Emit Radiation
(FDA Web site)
External Link: http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/radhlth/index.html
Information for consumers and manufacturers on microwave ovens, video
display terminals, etc.
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