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Alternative names Return to top
Tularemia test; Serology for Franciscella tularensisDefinition Return to top
This test involves an analysis of the blood to detect the presence of antibodies against Franciscella tularensis (the microorganism that causes the disease tularemia).How the test is performed Return to top
Blood is drawn from a vein (venipuncture), usually from the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand. The puncture site is cleaned with antiseptic, and a tourniquet (an elastic band) or blood pressure cuff is placed around the upper arm to apply pressure and restrict blood flow through the vein. This causes veins below the tourniquet to distend (fill with blood).
A needle is inserted into the vein, and the blood is collected in an airtight vial or a syringe. During the procedure, the tourniquet is removed to restore circulation. Once the blood has been collected, the needle is removed, and the puncture site is covered to stop any bleeding.
Infant or young child:
The area is cleansed with antiseptic and punctured with a sharp needle or a lancet. The blood may be collected in a pipette (small glass tube), on a slide, onto a test strip, or into a small container. Cotton or a bandage may be applied to the puncture site if there is any continued bleeding.
The blood is then analyzed in a laboratory. Serology refers to the study of serum for its antibody content. Certain microorganisms stimulate the body to produce these antibodies during an active infection. In the laboratory, the antibodies react with antigens in specific ways that can be used to confirm the identity of the specific microorganism.
There are several serology techniques that can be used depending on the suspected antibodies. Serology techniques include agglutination, precipitation, complement-fixation, and fluorescent antibodies.
How to prepare for the test Return to top
Adults:How the test will feel Return to top
When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain, while others feel only a prick or stinging sensation. Afterward, there may be some throbbing.Why the test is performed Return to top
Serology may be performed when tularemia is suspected. (A blood culture may also be used to identify tularemia.)Normal Values Return to top
No antibodies are detected. However, during the first few days to weeks of exposure to an antigen, there may be slight antibody production. As the disease progresses, more antibodies will be present. If a disease is suspected, the test may need to be repeated several weeks after the first test.What abnormal results mean Return to top
If antibodies are detected, there has been exposure to Franciscella tularensis (possible tularemia).What the risks are Return to top
Special considerations Return to top
A serology test can determine if a patient has ever been exposed to a particular antigen, but this does not necessarily indicate a current infection. Increasing antibody levels are more likely to indicate a current infection.
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Page last updated: 28 October 2004 |