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Alternative names Return to top
Vaccine - pertussis; Immunization - pertussisDefinition Return to top
This is an immunization (vaccination) that protects against pertussis (whooping cough), a severe and potentially deadly childhood bacterial infection that affects the airways. Pertussis is characterized by a severe, persistent cough and whooping or crowing sound on inspiration (taking a breath).Information Return to top
VACCINE INFORMATION
Pertussis is a serious illness that may last for weeks and can cause coughing spells so severe that infants are unable to breathe, eat, or drink. It can also lead to serious complications (such as pneumonia, seizures, and brain damage). It is occasionally fatal. Pertussis immunization is given as part of the DTaP vaccine. See also diphtheria immunization (vaccine) and tetanus immunization (vaccine).
The DTaP vaccine is a "3-in-1" vaccine that protects against diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus. It can be given to children less than 7 years old. It is given by injection, usually into the arm or the thigh.
The pertussis disease is most dangerous to infants and young children, and the vaccine is usually not given to anyone older than 7 years. The DTaP is a newer vaccine which is less likely to cause reactions than the older DTP.
IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE
Pertussis vaccination is one of the recommended childhood immunizations and should begin during infancy. Pertussis immunization is generally required before starting school. A five-dose series is recommended.
DTaP immunization is series of injections given to children at ages 2 months, 4 months, 6 months and 15-18 months. A booster is given before starting school (age 4-6 years). A different vaccine, the DT vaccine, may be given if there is a medical reason why the child should not receive the pertussis vaccine -- such as allergic reaction.
BENEFITS
Pertussis vaccine is highly effective for the prevention of pertussis. Immunized persons who do develop pertussis usually have a milder case than nonimmunized people.
DTaP vaccine can be safely given to infants.
RISKS
DTaP may cause mild side effects (slight fever, crankiness, tenderness of the injection site for a few days, decreased appetite, vomiting).
DTaP causes moderate complications in less than 1% of injections. These complications include:
DELAY OR DO NOT GIVE (CONTRAINDICATIONS)
If uncertain whether pertussis-containing immunization should be given, consult the health care provider. (Often, a child that has problems with the DTaP vaccine can safely receive the DT vaccine, which does not contain pertussis vaccine.)
POSTIMMUNIZATION SYMPTOMS AND CARE
The provider who gives the immunization may make recommendations to reduce postimmunization symptoms. Acetaminophen may be recommended to reduce fever and soreness.
Some providers recommend that a dose be given just prior to the injection to help avert common, minor side effects. Warmth (such as a warm, damp cloth or a heating pad) may reduce soreness.
Frequently moving or using the arm or leg that has received the injection is recommended and often reduces the soreness.
CALL THE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PROVIDER IF:
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Page last updated: 28 October 2004 |