Patient Safety Committee
Marilyn Sue Bogner, PhD
Dr. Bogner is President and Chief Scientist of the Institute for the Study of
Human Error, LLC. In addition to an active consulting practice, she contributes
to and edits columns on patient safety in 2 journals, has written numerous
articles, made over 115 presentations to professional meetings on the systems
approach to the analysis of error, and has contributed chapters in 9 books. Her
edited books, Human Error in Medicine and Human Error in Health Care: Inside
Stories were published by Erlbaum (LEA) in 1994 and 2003 respectively.
She also edits a book series on Human Error and Safety and a series on Patient
Safety for LEA. Dr. Bogner is on the editorial board of the journal Human
Factors and is a reviewer for 5 other journals. She is a Fellow of the American
Psychological Association, the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, and the
Washington Academy of Sciences.
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Bryan A. Liang, MD, PhD, JD
 Dr.
Liang is Professor of Health Law & Policy at the University of Houston Law
Center, Houston, TX. Dr. Liang's research focuses upon patient safety and legal
issues in this area. He has been a member of the Research Program Committee of
the National Patient Safety Foundation since its inception and is a member of
the Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation's Task Force on Legal Issues of
Patient Safety Data Collection and Analysis Systems. Dr. Liang serves on
several editorial boards, including the Journal of Clinical Anesthesia, Core
Content of Family Medicine, Quality and Safety in Health Care, and Survey of
Anesthesiology, as well as the manuscript review boards of Anesthesiology and
the Antitrust Law Journal. Dr. Liang's work on the interface of law and patient
safety has appeared in over 100 articles, books, and commentaries in the legal,
medical, and public policy literature.
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Bernard Lo, MD
 Dr.
Lo is Professor of Medicine and Director of the Program in Medical Ethics at
the University of California, San Francisco. He directs the Greenwall Faculty
Scholars Program in Bioethics, which grants career development awards to junior
faculty doing research on bioethics. He also serves on the Recombinant DNA
Advisory Committee at NIH, which oversees gene therapy research. Dr. Lo was a
member of the National Bioethics Advisory Commission. He is a member of the
Institute of Medicine (IOM) and serves on the IOM Council. He chairs an IOM
committee studying the research challenges and ethical issues in conducting
housing-based health research involving children and families. Dr. Lo chaired
the End of Life Committee of the American College of Physicians—American
Society of Internal Medicine, which developed consensus recommendations for
clinical care near the end of life. He is the author of Resolving Ethical
Dilemmas: A Guide for Clinicians, a comprehensive analysis of ethical
dilemmas in adult clinical medicine.
His research on errors in medicine includes analyses of when errors should be
disclosed to patients and families, as well as a descriptive study of mistakes
by house officers. His current work focuses on improved doctor-patient
communication as a means of improving the quality of care near the end of life.
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Albert Wu, MD, MPH
 Dr.
Wu is Associate Professor of the Departments of Medicine and Health Policy and
Management at The Johns Hopkins University Schools of Medicine and Public
Health. Dr. Wu's research focuses on quality of life and patient-based
assessments, outcomes and effectiveness research in people with chronic
diseases, and assessing and improving the quality of care. Dr. Wu has a 15-year
research interest in medical mistakes and has studied the impact, handling, and
disclosure of mistakes. He is currently Co-PI on a project funded by AHRQ on a
web-based ICU Safety Reporting System.
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Clinical Committee
Linda Aiken, PhD, RN
 Dr.
Aiken is Director of the Center for Health Outcomes and Policy Research, The
Claire M. Fagin Leadership Professor of Nursing, Professor of Sociology, and
Senior Fellow at the Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics at the
University of Pennsylvania. Dr. Aiken won the 2003 Individual Earnest A. Codman
Award from the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations
(JCAHO) for her leadership utilizing performance measures to demonstrate
relationships between nursing care and patient outcomes. She and her co-authors
were honored in 2003 with the Health Services Research Article of the Year
Award by AcademyHealth for their paper in JAMA documenting the effect of nurse
staffing on surgical mortality. Dr. Aiken leads the International Hospital
Outcomes Consortium studying the impact of nursing on patient outcomes in 8
countries.
Dr. Aiken is a member of the Institute of Medicine, the National Academy of
Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the National Academy of
Social Insurance, and is a Woodrow Wilson Fellow of the American Academy of
Political and Social Science. Dr. Aiken is a fellow and former president of the
American Academy of Nursing and an Honorary Fellow of the Royal College of
Nursing of the United Kingdom. Prior to coming to the University of
Pennsylvania in 1988 she was Vice President of the Robert Wood Johnson
Foundation. Dr. Aiken received her Bachelors and Master's degrees in nursing
from the University of Florida, Gainesville, and her PhD in sociology and
demography from the University of Texas at Austin. She was a postdoctoral
research fellow in medical sociology at the University of Wisconsin, Madison.
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Verna C. Gibbs, MD
Dr. Gibbs is Associate Professor of Clinical Surgery at the University of
California, San Francisco and director of Surgical Quality Improvement for the
San Francisco Veteran's Affairs Medical Center's (VAMC) Surgical Service. Dr.
Gibbs has led multiple initiatives to develop and implement specific quality
improvement and safety practices related to all phases of surgical care. She
also coordinates participation of the San Francisco VAMC in the National
Surgical QI Program for Surgical Reporting, which is at the forefront of
efforts to provide risk-adjusted surgical case and hospital specific morbidity
and mortality reporting in the national VA system. Dr. Gibbs has recently been
appointed Chief of Surgery at the San Mateo Medical Center/UCSF Surgery Program
where she will establish a Center for Patient Safety in Surgery.
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Rainu Kaushal, MD, MPH
 Dr.
Kaushal is an Instructor in Medicine at Harvard Medical School and a Staff
Physician at Brigham and Women's Hospital, Children’s Hospital Boston, and
Massachusetts General Hospital. She is an expert in patient safety and
information technology. She directed the first extensive study of pediatric
inpatient medication errors and adverse drug events, published in JAMA. She is
a principal investigator on a Center of Excellence in Patient Safety grant from
the federal Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality to study ambulatory
pediatric medication errors and prevention strategies, as well as a
Commonwealth Fund grant to study federal policy options to overcome barriers to
the adoption of computerized physician order entry. She is leading a Harvard
University and Commonwealth Fund effort to perform a financial gap analysis of
the current state of healthcare information technology infrastructure. She is
an appointed member of the NIH health services research study section.
Dr. Kaushal received her MD cum laude from Harvard Medical School. She did her
residency training at Harvard’s Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Children’s
Hospital Boston and is board certified in both internal medicine and
pediatrics. Her honors included the Howard Hughes Scientific Fellowship, the
Von L. Meyer Award, the Paul Schleissman Traveling Fellowship, and the Karsh
Traveling Fellowship. She used the latter opportunities to pursue her interest
in health care for poor and underserved children in the United States and India.
After residency, Dr. Kaushal obtained a MPH from Harvard School of Public
Health.
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Lee A. Learman, MD, PhD
 Dr.
Learman is Associate Professor and Residency Program Director in the Department
of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences at the University of
California, San Francisco. Dr. Learman received his MD and PhD (social
psychology) at Harvard University in a program supported by the MacArthur
Foundation to establish physician-scientists in the social science disciplines.
He has collaborated in numerous AHRQ-funded research projects aimed at
exploring the appropriateness of prenatal genetic testing decisions and
treatment decisions for noncancerous uterine conditions and has been involved
in quality improvement activities at San Francisco General Hospital for over 8
years. In addition, Dr. Learman serves on several national committees
overseeing resident education in obstetrics and gynecology. He is a member of
the Council on Resident Education in Obstetrics and Gynecology and its
Competency Task Force and he serves as an oral examiner for the American Board
of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Peter Pronovost, MD, PhD
 Dr.
Pronovost is a practicing anesthesiologist and critical care physician, a
lecturer, a patient safety researcher and leader. He is an Associate Professor
in the Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and Surgery in
the School of Medicine, and Health Policy and Management in the Bloomberg
School of Public Health at the Johns Hopkins University. Dr. Pronovost holds a
PhD in clinical investigation from the Johns Hopkins Graduate Training Program
in Clinical Investigation at the Bloomberg School of Public Health.
Dr. Pronovost has written more than 100 articles and chapters in the fields of
patient safety, ICU care, quality health care, and evidence-based medicine.
Within the Johns Hopkins community, he is the Medical Director for the Center
for Innovations in Quality Patient Care and co-chairs the hospital’s Patient
Safety Committee. Nationwide, he is Chair of the ICU Advisory Panel for Quality
Measures with JCAHO, Chair of the ICU Physician Staffing Committee for the
Leapfrog Group, helps lead an effort to develop the ideal ICU design with the
Institute for Healthcare Improvement, and developing standards for ICU quality
nationwide.
Dr. Pronovost is currently leading two large nationwide safety projects, funded
by the U.S. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. In the first, he is
implementing an error reporting system in 30 intensive care units in the United
States. His second project is working with the Keystone Center for Patient
Safety & Quality at the MHA Health Foundation to improve care in over 70
ICUs in the state of Michigan. In a previous study, Dr. Pronovost evaluated the
association between ICU organizational characteristics and outcomes, which
formed the basis for the Leapfrog Group's ICU purchasing specification.
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Trainee Committee
Emily B. Rivet, MD
 Dr.
Rivet is a Wood Leadership Fellow at the Olin School of Business at Washington
University in Saint Louis. She is also a resident in General Surgery at
Barnes-Jewish Hospital, where she serves on the Patient Safety and Quality
Committee. Her research and academic interests include patient safety, medical
ethics, health care economics, and medical education. She is currently
co-leader of a "Global Management Studies" trip to Europe, investigating the
economics of health care delivery. This fall, she organized the first
cross-campus seminar on professionalism and ethics at Washington University.
She received her BA from the University of Chicago and her MD from Washington
University, where she was an Olin Fellow. She will obtain her MBA in May of
2004.
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Sanjiv Shah, MD
Dr. Shah is a Chief Medical Resident at the University of California, San
Francisco's Moffitt-Long Hospital.
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