Case Information: Hantavirus
Pulmonary Syndrome Case Count and Descriptive Statistics as of
September 1, 2004
Through September 1, 2004, a total of 379 cases of hantavirus pulmonary
syndrome have been reported in the United States. The case count
started when the disease was first recognized in May 1993. Thirty-six
percent of all reported cases have resulted in death.
Of persons ill with HPS, 62% have been male, 38% female.
The mean age of confirmed case patients is 37 years (range: 10
to 75 years).
HPS can strike anyone; however, whites currently account for 78%
of all cases. American Indians account for about 19% of cases, African
Americans for 2% of cases, and Asians for 1% of cases. About 13%
of HPS cases have been reported among Hispanics (ethnicity considered
separately from race).
The temporal distribution of cases since 1992 shows a major peak
that corresponds to the outbreak that occurred in June and July
of 1993 in the Four Corners area (Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico,
and Utah), where the disease was first recognized. The distribution
reflects a spring-summer seasonality for identified cases, although
cases occur throughout the year.
Cases have been reported in 30 states, including most of the western
half of the country and some eastern states as well. Over half of
the confirmed cases have been reported from areas outside the Four
Corners area.
About three-quarters of patients with HPS have been residents of
rural areas.
Cases of HPS have also been reported in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil,
Canada, Chile, Panama, Paraguay, and Uruguay, making this syndrome
a pan-American zoonosis. For more information on hantavirus in these
areas, see Hantavirus in South and Central
America.
Please note that the Special Pathogens Branch (a branch of the
Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for
Infectious Diseases, and author of this "All About Hantaviruses"
web page) has limited information available on these South American
and Canadian cases. Because the cases occurred outside the United
States, Special Pathogens Branch provides epidemiological and disease
surveillance assistance only to the extent requested by the affected
nation or nations.
Do you want more information on individual cases of HPS that have
occurred? Many cases or groups of cases have been described
in reports published in the CDC publication Morbidity and Mortality
Weekly Report (MMWR), which is available on the web. Visit
our Research and Resources page and learn
how you can obtain them. Your state health department may also be
a source of local information on HPS cases. To reach them, check
our State Contacts page.
*Case count established when HPS was first recognized, in May 1993.
HPS Case Distribution Map
A U.S. map showing the locations of HPS cases by state is available.
The map covers all cases since HPS was recognized in 1993.
Case Map and Statistics
Download the map and statistics as an Adobe PDF file.
 To
view the above file, you must have Acrobat Reader (version 3.0 or
higher) installed on your computer. If you do not have the reader,
you may obtain it free from Adobe Corporation. Click on the
icon below to download the program from their website.
Epidemiology of HPS Slideset
View and print regularly updated slides covering the distribution
of HPS cases by state, general patient demographics, and the distribution
of the rodent reservoir hosts.
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National
Center for Infectious Diseases
