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Substitutes
for Ozone-Depleting Substances
- NEW: Information on Narrowed Use Limits in the Foam Sector and the Honeywell vs. EPA Decision (PDF, 2 pp., 26K)
- NEW: Final Rule
on the use of HCFC-141b in foam (PDF, 12 pp., 148K)
- Final rule regarding the use of HCFC-141b in all foam applications
found here.
- Analysis
of Costs to Abate International Emissions of Ozone-Depleting Substance
(ODS) Substitute Emissions (PDF, 142 pp., 761K; appendices:
PDF, 167 pp., 819K) USEPA (EPA 430-R-04-006)
- This report presents the U.S. EPA's baseline forecast of emissions of Hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) and Perfluorocarbon (PFC) gases from the major sectors that use these gases as substitutes for ozone-depleting substances (ODSs), and EPA's cost estimates of reducing these emissions. Emission estimates are given for different countries, regions, and the world, for each sector, for the years 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020. This report also describes the methodology used for the calculation of emission estimates in the U.S. and other countries, as well as the methodology used to estimate emission reduction potentials and costs, thereby enabling analysts to replicate these results or use the approaches described to conduct similar analyses as new information becomes available. (Adobe Reader 6.0 or newer recommended).
- Review of the Use of Carbon
Dioxide Total Flooding Fire Extinguishing Systems (PDF, 154 pp., 441K)
- A report that provides information on the growing use of carbon
dioxide fire extinguishing systems, particularly in the marine
market, considers the personnel safety risks from use in occupied
areas, and compares these systems to halon and other halon alternatives.
- SNAP Notice of Acceptability #18
(PDF, 8 pp., 73K)
- Most recent listing of acceptable substitutes for ozone-depleting
substances. The substitutes are for use in the following sectors:
refrigeration and air conditioning, solvents cleaning, foam blowing,
fire suppression and explosion protection, and aerosols.
- Proposed Rule on n-Propyl Bromide
(PDF, 34 pp., 261K)
- Proposed rule published in the Federal Register on June 3, 2003,
lists EPA’s proposed acceptability determination on n-propyl
bromide (1-bromopropane) as a substitute for ozone-depleting substances
in the solvent cleaning sector and the aerosol solvent and adhesive
end uses. See also FACT
SHEET (PDF, 2 pp., 202K).
- Look for information on EPA's proposed rule on n-propyl bromide
in docket number OAR-2002-0064.
- Status of Industry Efforts to Replace
Halon Fire Extinguishing Agents (PDF, 54 pp., 463K)
- A report on the progress U.S. industry and government are making
in employing non-ozone depleting alternatives to halons in the
fire protection sector.
- To submit a SNAP application
Under section 612
of the Clean Air Act, EPA established the Significant New
Alternatives Policy (SNAP) Program. SNAP's mandate is to identify
alternatives toozone-depleting substances and to publish lists
of acceptable and unacceptable substitutes. Several rules
and notices have expanded these lists, and they are available
for online reading or for downloading. In addition, there a number
of general information fact sheets available, as well as sector-specific
information (see the sidebar to the left for links to specific
sectors). EPA has pursued several enforcement actions against
violators of the SNAP rule; information is available on the enforcement
actions pages.
General Information
Sectors Covered Under SNAP
- Refrigerants
- This sector covers substitutes for ozone-depleting substances
(ODS) in stationary air
conditioning and refrigeration, as well as in motor
vehicle air conditioning.
- Foam Blowing
- This sector applies to substitutes for ODS used in foam blowing
applications. Please note this sector has important linkages to
the non-essential
products ban.
- Solvent Cleaning
- This sector applies to substitutes for
ODS used in the industrial solvent cleaning sector
- Fire Suppression and Explosion Protection
- Covers total flooding and streaming
systems.
- Aerosols
- This sector applies to solvents and
propellants used in aerosol applications.
- Sterilants
- Substitutes for the 12/88 ethylene oxide/CFC-12 blend.
- Tobacco Expansion
- Substitutes for CFC-11 used to expand tobacco in cigarettes.
- Adhesives, Coatings,
and Inks
- Substitutes for the ODS used as solvents in adhesives, coatings
and inks.
SNAP related regulations and notices are available in the Regulations
section.
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